The Roaring Twenties

1
The Roaring Twenties
2
1920s

• Decade of prosperity, fun and wild living
• Era of the Jazz Age
• New music
• Fashion
• Fads
• Not ___________for everyone

3
Adjustment Period

• Most soldiers returned home 1919
• No steady ________ for veterans
• No special _________ services
• Few ________
• Employers got rich, but veterans did not receive
  any
• Wages did not cover the cost of _____

4
Workers Unrest

• Strikes workers demand _________, better
  ____________________, ____________
• _______ union leaders were more socialist than
  East coast
• Socialist political and economic system where
  _________ and distribution are ________ owned for
  the benefit of all members in society, people
  should have more involvement in the government

5
Workers (cont.)

• Western union leaders influence by 1917
  revolution in Russia, Bolsheviks set up a
  ____________ regime
• Communism means of production and distribution
  were _________ owned, no private or individual
  ownership

6
Workers Unrest (cont.)

• Western Labour Conference in March 1919 created
  One Big Union
• One Big Union represent all Canadian __________
  in one organization
• Help workers establish more control of industry
  government through ____________ means

7
Winnipeg General Strike

• May 1919 Winnipegs metal and building workers
  walked off their jobs
• Demanded higher wages, shorter work week, right
  to ___________________ (negotiations between
  workers and management)
• Winnipeg was at a standstill no firefighters,
  postal workers, telephone or telegraph services,
  newspapers, streetcars, bread/milk deliveries

8
The Winnipeg General Strike (cont.)

• Business leaders, politicians industrialists
  formed ___________________________________________
  ___________________
• Committee believed that union leaders were trying
  to overthrow the government
• Government amended the _____________________ to
  allow foreign born union leaders to be deported
• Special police, fired civic workers, strike
  leaders arrested

9
Bloody Saturday

• June 21, 1919 union held parade to protest
• The mayor read the ____________
• a law declaring a grouping of more than 12 people
  to be unlawfully assembled
• The protest turned violent Royal North West
  Mounted Police and special police charged crowd

10
Strike Aftermath

• Seven arrested leaders were convicted of
  _______________
• Striking workers not rehired
• Divisions between ___________ and business class
  grew

11
Federalism

• Regionalism concern of various different
  ___________ of the country with their own
  _________ problems
• Maritimes population is a small region therefore
  they had ________ seats in parliament
• Oil replaced coal, yet Maritimes had coal
• Formed _____________________________

12
Federalism/Regionalism (cont.)

• There were also regional challenges from Prairies
  and Ontario
• Farmers angered by _____________ because
  tariffs/duties placed on foreign goods imported
  into Canada
• Farmers wanted __________________, abolish
  tariffs and allow them to buy cheap machinery
• 1919 federal Thomas Crerar created the
  ________________________________________
• Wanted a new National Party based on
  _____________ and ownership of railways

13
1921 Election

• MacKenzie King leader of __________ party
• Believed in the middle path
• Arthur Meighen leader of the _________________
• Believed in principles over compromise didnt
  care if he offended anyone
• Liberals elected 117 seats Conservatives 55
  seats Progressives 64 seats

14
1921 Election

• Liberals were a minority government
• Progressive Party did not last very long
• 1926 King challenged by the Progressives to set
  up _______________________
• Act was passed in 1927 240/yr

15
New Independence

• 1922 King refused to support Britain when they
  were invading ________________
• 1923 King insisted Canada be allowed to sign an
  international treaty known as the
  __________________________ without British
  representatives signature
• 1926 King challenged Britain's over its
  influence on Canadas internal politics known as
  ___________________
• Participated in _____________ Report

16
Review King-Byng Crisis

• 1925 Liberals had to seek Progressive Party
  support only had 101 seats, Conservatives had
  116
• Liberals lost Progressive Party support
  because________________smuggling scandal.
• Kings ministers were protecting the individuals
  and even profiting off of the illegal liquor
  sales to the United States
• Conservatives called for a motion of censure
• King asked Byng to dissolve parliament Byng
  refused
• Byng eventually forced to called an election
• Sept 14, 1926, King won majority.

17
Halibut Treaty

• March 2, 1923
• Canadian-American agreement concerning
  _____________ in the Pacific Ocean
• Halibut could not be caught in low season
• Significance _______ treaty Canada signed on
  their own Britain wanted to sign, but King
  threatened to send an ___________ representative
  to Washington

18
Chanak Crisis

• September 1922 Turkish ____________ were
  unhappy with loss of territory to Greece
• Expelled Greeks from Smyrna in August 1922
• Lloyd George reinforced British posts in Chanak
• King insisted that Canadian Parliament should
  decide on the course of___________ the country
  should follow

19
Balfour Report

• There was an Imperial Conference (1926)
• Dominions of the British Empire requested
  __________________
• Autonomy the freedom to govern themselves
• Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa
• A special committee under Lord Balfour examined
  the request
• Published the Balfour report

20
Balfour Report

• Recommendations to allow for autonomy became law
  in 1931 when the ____________________ was passed
• Statute formally turned the British Empire into
  the ______________________
• Canada now equal in status entitled to make its
  own laws

21
Balfour Report (cont.)

• Two Restrictions
• Canadas constitution, the British North America
  Act, remained in Britain, because the Canadian
  federal and provincial governments could not
  agree on an ______________________
• Procedure for changing the Canadian Constitution
• Judicial court of appeal for Canadians resided in
  Britain until 1949

22
Economic Boom

• The 1920s started in depression.
• During the 1920s the US started investing in
  Canadas economy.
• US Companies set up ___________ which operated
  here but for American business men.
• US enriched Canadas economy by extracting or
  harvesting raw materials (__________ resources)
• Materials were transported to US for processing
  and manufacturing (____________ resources)

23
Economic Boom (cont.)

• With the increase in employment and economic
  prosperity few Canadians questioned the
  __________ effects of American involvement.

24
Economic Boom

• The 1920s started in depression.
• During the 1920s the US started investing in
  Canadas economy.
• US Companies set up branch plants which
  operated here but for American business men.
• US enriched Canada economy by extracting or
  harvesting raw materials (primary resources)
• Materials were transported to US for processing
  and manufacturing (secondary resources)

25
Bootlegging the Border

• The Womens Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
  pushed prohibition into legislation in Canada and
  the US.
• By ____________ provincial governments were
  overturning the decision because of its
  unpopularity.
• The US, however, enforced it until 1933.
  Canadians sold illegal alcohol over the border
  for about 10 years.

26
Prosperity Urbanization

• With the new booming economy Canadians were
  afforded more opportunities to enjoy the luxuries
  of life.
• _____________ were becoming affordable and
  popular.
• Telephone lines were becoming commonplace for all
  houses in cities.
• Professional sports were also increasing in
  popularity.