World War Two

1
World War Two
2
Start of the War

• On September 1st 1939 Germany invaded Poland
  starting the war
• Germany was able to conquer Poland in weeks using
  a massive attack of men, tanks and planes known
  as Blitzkrieg or Lightning War

3
WWII

• Allies
• France
• Great Britain
• Later
• The Soviet Union (1941)
• The United States (1941)
• China

• Axis Powers
• Germany
• Japan
• Italy

4
WWII-German Victories

• In April 1940 Germany invades Norway, Denmark,
  the Netherlands, and Belgium
• In May 1940 Germany invades France and by June
  1940 Germany controls France

5
WWII-German Victories

• During the beginning of the war Germany and the
  Axis Powers won several quick victories
• However by 1941 there were main turning points

6
German Invasion of the Soviet Union

• In June 1941 Germany invades the Soviet Union
• During the summer and fall months the Germans
  move deep into Russia
• However winter comes early and stops the Germans
  just outside Moscow
• German soldiers are ill-equipped for the Russian
  winters

7
Stalingrad

• In 1942 the Germans turn south to try to take the
  key city of Stalingrad
• The Soviet Army puts up good defenses and the
  Russian winter causes the Germans to stop
• In 1943 the Germans surrender
• Soon after the Soviet Army is able to drive the
  Germans out of Russia

8
Pearl Harbor

• In the beginning of WWII the U.S. remain neutral
• The U.S. agreed that Great Britain had to be
  supported against the Nazis and the U.S. did
  supply weapons to the allies-this was known as
  the Lend-Lease Act

9
Pearl Harbor

• To stop Japanese aggression the U.S. banned the
  sale of goods to Japan-(oil and steel)
• Japan became enraged and launched a surprise a
  military attack on the naval base at Pearl Harbor

10
Pearl Harbor

• On Sunday December 7th 1941 the Japanese attacked
  Pearl Harbor
• 2,400 people were killed
• Many of the American naval ships were destroyed
• Franklin D. Roosevelt asked Congress to declare
  war on Japan Roosevelt called the attack a Day
  that will live in Infamy
• The U.S. entered on the side of the Allies

11
El Alamein 1942

• In 1941, 1942 the Germans took over North Africa
• Britain was able to stop the German advance at El
  Alamein
• By 1943 the British with the help of the U.S.
  drove the Germans out of Africa

12
Invasion of Italy 1943

• After driving the Germans out of Africa the
  Allies moved into Italy
• The Italy Army gave up and Hitler was forced to
  send troops to fight in Italy-weakening his
  forces in Europe
• Mussolini was forced to flee the country

13
D-day 1944

• On June 6, 1944 Allies invaded France at a place
  called Normandy
• This opened a second front and Germany was forced
  to fight a three front war
• Great Britain and U.S. in France
• Great Britain and U.S. in Italy
• The Soviet Union in Poland and the east
• The Allies were able to move into Paris by August
  and into Germany by the winter of 1944

14
Battle of the Bulge

• This was Hitlers last attempt to drive the
  Allied forces away from the German boarders
• The Germans sent a large amount of men and tanks
  into battle
• The Germans did make some advances however the
  Allies were able to stop the advancement on the
  ground while superior air power from the allies
  finished off the German advance

15
Victory in Europe VE Day

• By May 7th 1945 Hitler had committed suicide
• The German or people did not wish to carry on the
  war and so sued for peace
• The war in Europe was now over

16
The War in the Pacific

• After the bombing of Pearl Harbor the Japanese
  were able to take control of most of the Pacific
• However by 1942 the U.S. had rebuilt its navy

17
War in the Pacific

• The Allies/U.S. used a method to take back the
  pacific Islands called island hopping
• In 1942 the U.S. caught the Japanese fleets off
  guard in the Pacific
• U.S. planes were able to destroy two Japanese
  fleets-including aircraft carries
• This badly hurt the Japanese who never recovered
  from the loses
• This was known as the Battle of Midway

18
War in the Pacific

• By 1944 the Allies/U.S. had moved close enough to
  Japan to start bombing the Japanese cities
• However by 1945 Japan refused to surrender
• It looked as if the U.S. might have to invade
  Japan-This would have cost a large loss of life

19
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• From 1942 to 1945 the U.S. had been working on
  creating an atomic bomb under the Manhattan
  Project
• The U.S. warned the Japanese in the first week of
  August that the U.S. had the bomb and if Japan
  did not surrender the U.S. would use the weapon

20
Hiroshima and Nagasaki

• Japan refused to surrender
• On August 6, 1945 the U.S. dropped the bomb on
  Hiroshima
• The bomb destroyed 4 square miles and killed
  70,000 people
• By August 9th the Japanese still refused to
  surrender and the U.S. dropped a second bomb on
  Nagasaki killing 40,000 people

21
Japan

• On August 10th 1945 Emperor Hirohito forced his
  government to surrender
• The war in the Pacific was over

22
Total War

• WWII was a total war meaning that both Allies and
  Axis Powers targeted civilians
• The bombing of London by German in 1940 was known
  as the Blitz
• Cities were bombed by both sides
• Products/factories produced goods were military
  goods not consumer goods

23
War Crimes

• In 1937 Japan invades Nanjing (China) and mass
  shooting of Chinese civilians causes 250,000 to
  die
• The Germans were brutal to Russian soldier the
  chances of survival were 1 in 10

24
Human Loss

• WWII killed about 75 million people
• In Europe 38 million died
• The Soviet Union suffered the most losses with 22
  million killed
• The brutality of the war was something the world
  had never seen

25
Economic Losses

• Most of Europe had been destroyed
• Vital farmland was destroyed
• There was starvation and a large loss of property
• It would take Europe years to recover

26
The United Nations

• WWII resulted in a new international group that
  would attempt to keep peace in the world
• The United Nations would take the place of the
  League of Nations which had failed
• The United Nations was to give countries a place
  to discuss world problems before they turned into
  wars
• One advantage the UN had was that it did have an
  army made up of member nations to stop wars