CITY OF CAPE TOWN WATER QUALITY STATUS REPORT

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CITY OF CAPE TOWN WATER QUALITYSTATUS REPORT
MPHARU HLOYI (Manager Scientific Services)

• 2006-06-21

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LEGISLATION

• National Water Act requires the Minister of Water
  Affairs to be
• responsible to ensure that our water is safe for
  drinking, for recreation and a range of diverse
  life and sustainable economic activities

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OBJECTIVES

• City of Cape Town Quality Status through the
  entire water value chain
• Addressing Challenges on Water Quality from
  Abstraction to Discharge
• The present Citys capabilities on managing water
  quality

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WAETR QUALITY PROCESS

• Dams
• Water Treatment
• Reticulation
• WWTW
• Aquatic systems
• Coastal

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Current Status

• The entire Water Quality value chain of the city
  is measured at Scientific Services of Water
  Services Department situated in Athlone.
• BULKWATER
• 11 Water Treatment Works with monitoring
  programme of samples 64 844 per year
• Frequency of samplingweekly on composite raw and
  final water
• Frequency of sampling on operationhourly
• 96compliance with SANS 2412005.

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Water Quality Monitoring
Basic chemical sampling Biological sampling Physical characteristics sampling
Every 0,0625 days Every 7 days Every 0,04 days
Drinking Water Quality Monitoring
Constituent TDS pH EC Turbidity (NTU) Faecal Coliforms count/100ml Total Coliforms Count per 100ml Free chlorine
Frequency (times/year) 16380 164596 120005 157680 5200 5200 157680
Constituent Fluoride Arsenic Nitrates Nitrites Sulphate Zinc Copper Cadmium
Frequency (times/year) 936 0 2654 2654 936 936 2654
Constituent Calcium Sodium Chloride Manganese Potassium Iron Other
Frequency (times/year) 2654 2654 7852 2654 2654 2654
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BULK WATER CHALLENGES

• Water quality from abstraction has deteriorated
  and impacts on cost of treatment of potable
  water. (ref Towards s strategy for a waste
  discharge system DWAF 2003) not applied
  effectively.
• Algae proliferation from the Dams impacts
  treatment, taste, odour and toxins e.g
  (Theewaterskloof and Voelvlei Dams)
• Powdered activated Carbon is added to remove the
  taste,odour and toxins and very expensive.
• Uniformity on intepretation of SANS 2412005 for
  Compliance

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ALGAL MONITORING IDENTIFICATION PROCESS

1. Algae
2. Sample collection
3. Microscopic Algal identification of toxins
4. Microcystins identification by Elisa Technology
5. Advice WTW to use Powder Activated Carbon or not
   put high cost

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RETICULATION

• Drinking water supply
• Total of 256 Reservoirs and Distribution points
  in formal and settlements.
• Frequency of sampling is on weekly basis
• Total 98 976 physical, microbiological and
  chemical analysis measured per year
• 98compliance with SANS 2412005.
• Water supply is still safest and cleanest to
  drink from your tap.

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Wastewater(Domestic Industrial Effluent)

• Total 4725 registered(commercial Industrial)
• 350 industrial effluent tariff samples based on
  City By-Law and 14 593 determinant measured per
  year.
• 25 non-compliance and Polluter Pays principle
  is applied.

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RETICULATION CHALLENGES

• Ageing of the infrastructure(frequent analysis)
• Internal coating adaptable to quality of water
  transported needs frequent monitoring because it
  can cause red water problems
• Stability of water pH and Chlorine through the
  distribution line.
• More public awareness on health and education as
  the society is becoming water quality
  aware.(e.g.Maggots Saga).
• Human resources capacity to increase industrial
  Effluent monitoring to reduce the impact of the
  load on wastewater discharge.
• Water pollution minimisation strategy and law
  enforcement

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WASTEWATER

• 22 Wastewater Treatment Works with monitoring
  programme with total samples per year10 453
• 3 Marine Outfalls
• Total 109 608 analysis measured per year
• 76 compliance for 4 key paramaters with DWAF
  Permits for wastewater discharge.

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Wastewater Challenges

• Ageing, maintenance, demand of new
  Infra-structure
• Rapid Population growth and increase in housing
  demand
• Sewer catchment growth
• Reticulation growth
• Sewage spillages from over flows
• Capital budget

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CATCHMENT, STORMWATER RIVER MANAGEMENT SERVICES

• Rivers, vleis, and Coastal monitoring samples 310
  sampling points year
• Frequency is monthly and fortnightly
• Total 73 240 analysis per year
• Compliance is assessed by referring to DWAF Water
  Quality guidelines for aquatic ecosystems and for
  recreational use
• 2004/05 CSRM Annual Report
• Rivers 37 compliance (E.coli)
• Vleis 68 compliance
• Costal (False Bay)80 compliance

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CSRM Challenges

• Identify sources of point and non point source
  pollution
• Rehabilitation of ecosystem for health
  improvement and minimisation of risks in human
  health
• Co-ordination of line function within city to
  ensure integrated urban catchment management is
  effective.
• Involvement communities in river management
  initiatives
• Managing flood risks.

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Internal management process on water quality

• Highest qualification (PhDs ,Masters, Honours,
  Bachelors and Diploma in various water sciences
  and engineering fields
• Water Quality Data in the old UNIX system is
  currently replaced by Newly purchased Laboratory
  Information Management System (LIMS)which will be
  live in March 2007.(Launched, June 2006)
• The citys drinking water quality has
  consistently achieved position 1 in SABS
  inter-laboratory comparison.
• Launch Policy Statement (14 June 2006) its
  SANAS17025 accreditation which will be completed
  by 2008. Legislation requires that analysis be
  performed in the accredited laboratory.
• State of art instruments, ICP, FIA, IC TOC, UV,
  HPLC, ELISA

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Policy statement launch 14June 2006

• Management commitment to ISO 17025 accreditation

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(No Transcript)
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Partnerships and Collaborations addressing Water
Quality

• SLAs within internal Departments of the city
• 21 W RC Steering Committee
• DWAF
• Community forums(Formal and Informal Settlements)
• Collaboration with Western Cape academic
  Institutions
• Collaboration with Amatola Water (Eastern Cape)
• Belgium University
• OSLO twinning with CoCT
• Malawi twinning project with the City in the
  process

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Volunteerism in Water Quality

• Formation of Grey water project in formal and
  informal settlements (2006)
• YES(Youth Environmental Schools)
• CSRM Community Forums

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Improvement on dissemination of information on
water quality
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HEALTH AND EDUCATION PLANS ON WATER QUALITY

• 38 students graduated and done projects on water
  quality with the city from the past five years
  but not retained.
• 45 Workshops held Citywide primarily in informal
  settlements spanning over an extensive area.
  (Simonstown to Atlantis)
• Focused Approached
• Understanding the cycle of WATER
• Actual delivery of Services
• Health and Hygiene issues
• Environmental Issues
• Scarcity of Water(Saving)

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HELTH AND EDUCATION PLANS ON WATER QUALITY...

• General Water Quality provided by the City
• All of the above will be addressed in a Audio
  Visual, intended to be complete by end July 2006

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COMMUNITY CAMPAIGNS
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Way Forward

• Prioritise and address all challenges of WATER
  Quality
• Abstraction and Discharge
• Ensuring adequate budget for infrastructure
• Continuous Education and Awareness Programmes
• Develop a Strategy within Water Services to
  ensure that skills are retained and capacity
  developed.
• To ensure that alignment by the City to
  Provisional Water Sector Plan

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Conclusion

• Let us work together for a better city