Grade 7 IB Habitat

1
Grade 7 IBHabitat Adaptation
2
Habitat

• The environment in which a specific species lives
  in.
• Example
• Canadian beavers live in the
• wetlands and lakes of North
• America.

3
Species

• Living organisms that share similar
  characteristics belong to the same species.
• Every species is given a scientific name (usually
  in Latin)
• Before scientists classify a new species they
  must study its anatomy, behaviour, and fossil
  ancestors.

4
Why are habitats important?

• 4 major reasons
• 1) Needed to meet other animals of the same
  species in order to reproduce
• 2) Shelter
• 3) Food and water
• 4) To be in a climate to which they are adapted to

5
Adaptation?

• An adaptation is a way an animal's body helps it
  survive, or live, in its environment
• Species must be adapted to their habitat

6

• Animals depend on their physical features to help
  them obtain food, keep safe, build homes,
  withstand weather, and attract mates.
• These physical features are called physical
  adaptations. They makes it possible for the
  animal to live in a particular place and in a
  particular way.

7

• Each adaptation has been produced by evolution.
  This means that the adaptations have developed
  over many generations.

8

• Examples of the basic adaptations that help
  creatures survive
• shape of a bird's beak,
• the number of fingers,
• colour of the fur,
• the thickness or thinness of the fur,
• the shape of the nose or ears

9
What is a mimicry adaptation?

• Mimicry is adapting to look like something else.
  An example would be the hawkmoth as it looks just
  like a dead leaf, tattered and veined.

10
Example of Adaptations to Climate (p.229)

• Red fox vs. Arctic fox

11
PENGUINS!

• Penguins have webbed feet for powerful swimming.
  Their bodies are streamlined to reduce drag in
  water. Their wings, shaped like flippers, also
  help them "fly" underwater at speeds up to 15
  mph.
• Penguins have to keep high body temperatures to
  remain active. They have thick skin and lots of
  fat (blubber) under their skin to keep warm in
  cold weather.
• They also huddle together with their friends to
  keep warm. Emperor penguins have developed a
  social behaviour that when it gets cold, they
  huddle together in groups that may comprise
  several thousand penguins.
• The dark coloured feathers of a penguin's back
  surface absorb heat from the sun, so helping them
  to warm up too.

12
Adaptation and movement

• Animal movement is adapted to specific habitats.
• (see p.230)
• Example
• Smooth green snake has no
• legs (it slithers) ?lives in
• fields where plants provide
• shelter

13
Adaptation and eating

• Every animal species has physical adaptations
  that helps it eat.
• (see p.231)

14
Teeth and diet (see p.231)

• Canine teeth (tear)? carnivores
• Molars (grind, crush) ? herbivores
• Incisor (shred, cut) ? herbivores (bark)
• Premolar (grind, crush)
• Humans ? all four types ? omnivores

15
Beaks and diet

• Short, hooked, powerful ? carnivorous (falcon)
• Short, wide base, powerful ? herbivorous-granivoro
  us (cardinal)
• Short and slender ? Insectivorous herbivorous
  (Tree swallow)
• Big, long, powerful ? Omnivorous (Crow)
• Long and slender ? Nectarivorous invertivorous
  (humming bird)

16
Plants and adapting for food

• Plants will also adapt to their habitat in order
  to obtain food
• Example
• Lichen Algae and fungi live in symbiosis. The
  algae produces the food for the fungi and the
  fungi protects the algae from drought and
  temperature variations.

17
Adaptation and communication

• Communicating through
• visual signs Fireflies (light)
• Communicating through
• Smells skunks (spray)
• Communicating through
• Sound dolphins (whistle)

18
Adapting through reproduction

• Flowering plants cannot move and so over millions
  of years they have adapted with the aid of
  insects that carry the pollen (Honey bees)

19
In class work!

• P.235
• Questions 1 to 5

20

• In groups of 3 you will
• Create a movie trailer or commercial promoting an
  insect or bug of your choice (min. 1 min 45 sec
  /max. 3 minutes)
• Video must make reference to the
  terminology/material seen in class on
  insects/bugs/habitat/adaptation
• Due October 15th