The Road to Revolution

1
The Road to Revolution

• Chapter 9

2
Differences Arise

• Some settlers established their own 
• Newspapers
• schools
• Some settlers
• Kept their own customs
• Did not become Catholic

3
States Rights

• Mexicos Constitution of 1824
• Established states rights
• Placed the province of Texas in the Mexican state
  of Coahuila y Tejas
• Nationalist concerns increased hostilities

4
Edwards Brothers

• In 1825 Haden Edwards received a very large land
  grant in eastern Texas-near Nacogodoches.
• Required to honor previous land grants-but many
  did not have proof.
• After a bogus election the Governor reversed the
  election decision and took away the land grant.
• Edwards negotiated a treaty with the Cherokees.

5
Fredonian Rebellion

• Occured near Nacogdoches in 1826.
• Edwards and followers formed the Fredonian
  Republic.
• Stephen Austins milita joined the Mexican
  governments troops to defeat the Fredonians.

6
An Attempt to Purchase Texas

• Mexican officials feared that the settlers had
  secret ties with the U.S.
• In 1826 U.S. president John Quincy Adams sent
  Joel Poinsett to Mexico with an offer buy all or
  part of Texas.

7
The Mier y Teran Report

• An increasing number of settlers from the U.S.
  the Fredonian Rebellion, and the offer to buy
  Texas fueled concerns of the Mexican
  nationalists.
• Mexico sent Manuel Meir y Teran, a commander in
  the Mexican army, to investigate the conditions
  in Texas.

8
Mier y Teran Report

• Teran reported that the Anglo settlers
  outnumbered the Mexican settlers 10 to 1.
• Noted that the United States influence was
  growing in Texas.
• Mexican President Vicente Guerrero responded by
  attempting to make Texas less attractive for
  future colonists.

9
The Law of April 6, 1830

• Purpose was to control Texas colonists.
• Outlawed immigration from the U.S. to Texas and
  canceled all empresarial grants that had not been
  fulfilled.
• The United State could no longer colonize any
  Mexican border state
• This law also included other provisions designed
  to slow Anglo American immigration
• Slaves could no longer be brought in work the
  fields
• New forts and presidios were built to stop
  illegal immigration
• A customs duty was placed on all goods entering
  Texas from the U.S.

10
The Law of April 6, 1830

• The government encouraged Mexican and European
  settlers to relocate to Texas-the law of April 6,
  1830 even provided land and money for these
  settlers.
• This law upset and alarmed Anglo Texans.
• The law also raised questions within the Mexican
  government.
• Increased the tensions between Texas and the
  Mexican government.

11
Bitter Division

• The Law of April 6, 1830 marked a turning point
  in the relationship between the Texas colonists
  and the Mexican Government.
• Mexican troops were sent to Texas to collect
  customs duties.
• Texans were upset at the presence of military
  force and the new taxes!

12
Santa Anna

• President Bustamante was ignoring the
  Constitution of 1824.
• This upset many Anglo-Americans and Mexicans
  living in Texas.
• Santa Anna claimed he was not a centralist.
• He staged a revolution to oust President
  Bustamante.
• Stephen F. Austin helped to convince the Mexican
  government that the Texans were in favor of Santa
  Anna.
• Santa Anna lied and was actually a centralist.
• He wanted all power centralized in himself, not
  in states rights.

13
Turtle Bayou Resolutions

• Settlers sent John Austin to Brazoria to bring
  back a cannon.
• Turtle Bayou Resolutions
• Colonists pledged their loyalty to Mexico and
  Santa Anna.
• Remember Santa Anna was a centralist posing as a
  nationalist!

14
Battle of Velasco

• John Austin has the cannon and hes on his way
  back to Brazoria.
• He and his men sail down the Brazos River toward
  the Gulf of Mexico.
• They arrive in Velasco.
• Colonel Urgartechea refuses to let the men pass
  through Velasco with the cannon.
• Fighting breaks out!
• First time Mexican and Texan troops fire at one
  another.

15
Convention of 1832

• Texans met in San Felipe de Austin and drafted a
  set of resolutions.
• Texans pledge their support for the Constitution
  of 1824.
• Called for a repeal of the Law of April 6, 1830
  and the customs duty.
• Repeal to take away
• Wanted to allow U.S. immigration to Texas.
• Wanted the Mexican government to divide the state
  of Coahuila y Tejas and grant Texas statehood.
• Established a plan to create a militia.
• Donate government lands for public schools.

16
Convention of 1833

• Same proposals at the Convention of 1832 EXCEPT
  they drafted a new Constitution.
• Mexican state of Texas!
• To the Mexican government, this looked like an
  act of defiance!

17
SFA is in Mexico

• SFA leaves for Mexico to take the new resolutions
  to the Mexican government.
• 1833 impatient SFA wrote a letter to his fellow
  Texans.
• The letter suggested the Texans establish a new
  state government.
• New state government would make Texas separate
  from Coahuila but still a part of Mexico.
• SFA meets with Santa Anna
• Santa Anna repealed the immigration law
  prohibiting immigrants from the U.S.
• Promised fair taxes on goods imported from the
  U.S.
• Rejected separate statehood for Texas.

18
SFA Arrested!

• Austins letter to the Texans was intercepted.
• He was accused of treason.
• He was imprisoned in Mexico City for a year and
  never received a trial.

19
Conflict Escalates

• Texans soon found out that Santa Anna was a
  centralist and not a nationalist.
• He had a new constitution written that placed all
  the power in his hands!
• To squash any rebellion that might take place in
  Texas, Santa Anna sent General Cos to watch over
  Texas.

20
Battle of Gonzales

• General Urgartechea hears there is a 6 pound
  cannon in the town of Gonzales.
• Texans refused to return the cannon.
• When the Mexican army arrived, the Texans fired
  on the Mexicans forcing them to retreat to San
  Antonio.
• This battle showed that the Texans were willing
  to use military force if necessary.
• The Battle of Gonzales is the battle that began
  the revolution!

21
Siege of Bexar (San Antonio)

• Texans capture the city of San Antonio from
  General Cos.
• Texans believed the crisis was over.
• Santa Anna had other ideas!