Swallow Tract

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Swallow Tract

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Muscles of Mastication Central Pattern
Generator for Chewing
Temperature Touch Proprioception
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Muscles of Mastication Central Pattern
Generator for Chewing
Masseter Temporalis Internal/External
Pterygoids
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Taste
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Taste Pathways
Saliva production
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Single taste bud contains 50100 taste cells
representing all 5 taste sensations Taste
receptor cells have lifespan of only 3-5 days,
replaced by neurogenesis.
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Salivary Glands
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Bolus in oral phase - MBS
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Lingual muscles
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Changing posture adjusts anatomical relationships
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Nasopharyngeal regurgitation
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Pharyngeal Transit - MBS
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Lingual muscles cont
As the hyoglossus contracts, what happens to the
hyoid bone? And, to the larynx?
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Bolus split at valleculae
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Pharyngoesophageal Transit
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Residual pooling
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Pulmonary aspiration
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Radiographic evidence of tracheal aspiration
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Radiograph showing large cervical osteophytes
impinging on the esophageal inlet in a patient
complaining of dysphagia.
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Osteophyte spur indenting the barium column
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Respiration and Swallowing

• 12 healthy young adults
• Deglutition apnea 0.75 0.14 sec.
• Expiration before deglutition apnea 93
• Expiration after deglutition apnea 100
• Klahn and Perlman Dysphagia 14131 (1999)

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PES, CPS, UES
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Cricopharyngeal Bar
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PES narrowing
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Cricopharyngeal bar
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Zenkers Diverticulum
http//gi.vghtc.gov.tw8084/Teaching/Eso/EsoAGA/13
7.htm
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Zenkers Diverticulum
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Pharyngeal Muscles
Killian's dehiscence
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Esophageal Peristalsis
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Esophageal manometry
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Stenosis Types

• Rings and webs bands of mucosal and submucosal
  tissue
• ring at G-E junction
• web if located elsewhere
• Patient has intermittent solid food dysphagia

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Esophageal web
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Esophageal web
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Hiatal hernia
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Achalasia
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Irregular mid- esophageal stricture caused by
squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
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Paraesophageal Hiatal Hernia-Barium Swallow