Chemistry English - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

1 / 21
About This Presentation
Title:

Chemistry English

Description:

State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces. ??????????????????? ... To plagiarize is to give the impression that something you have written is your ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

Number of Views:42
Avg rating:3.0/5.0
Slides: 22
Provided by: guesto
Category:

less

Transcript and Presenter's Notes

Title: Chemistry English


1
Chemistry English
Lecture 12 ????????
State Key Laboratory for Physical Chemistry of
Solid Surfaces
???????????????????
2
Plagiarism(??)
  • To plagiarize is to give the impression that
    something you have written is your own when it
    was in fact taken from someone elses work.
    Plagiarism may take the form of
  • repeating anothers sentences as your own
  • adopting a particularly good phrase as your own
  • paraphrasing someone elses argument.
  • Presenting someone elses form of organization as
    your own.
  • In the West, plagiarism is considered a serious
    academic crime and may lead to expulsion from the
    university!

3
How to avoid Plagiarism?
  • Follow these guidelines and youll never be
    accused of plagiarism.
  • Use your own words and sentence structures.
  • When putting someone elses idea in your own
    words avoid using any words from the original.
  • If you use any original words, use a quotation.
  • Acknowledge all ideas taken from other writers,
    except commonly held knowledge in the field.
  • It is plagiarism to use some original words or
    phrases from a sentence while changing others. It
    is also plagiarism to keep the sentence structure
    and change all the words to synonyms.

4
Reference Books
  • ??????,??????,?????????
  • ????????,?????,???????????
  • ?????????,??????,???????

5
Chapter 20 ????????
  • 20.1 Introduction
  • ??????????? ???????, ??????????,
    ???????????(Correct Sentences), ?????????,
    ??Chinese English(Chinglish) ????????????(standar
    d sentences), ??????????????????????.

6
20.2??????????
  • ?? ?????????????????????????
  • ????????????????,?????????????????
  • ?????????????,?????????????????

7
  • ??????????????????,?????????????
  • ???????????,????????????????????????
  • ???????????,?????????????,??????????,????????,???
    ?????????,??????????

8
20.3 paragraph(??)
  • Construction of a paragraph
  • Usually a paragraph includes a topic sentence
    (???), one or several supporting sentences (???)
    and, sometimes, a concluding sentence (???).

9
  • Three Qualities of a Paragraph
  • Unity(???) An Paragraph follows a straight line
    of development it states a single thought. All
    material not directly related to the rest of the
    paragraph should be left out.
  • Continuity(???) All sentences within a paragraph
    should be arranged logically and smoothly. An
    outline (??)will help you organize your ideas so
    that all important ideas are included and in
    logical order, and help you write more quickly.
  • Transition Signals(???) are words to guide the
    reader and make it easy to follow the ideas. They
    also help the paragraph flow more smoothly.

10
Classes of Transition Signals
  • Example(??) for example, for instance, as an
    illustration, to illustrate, namely, that is, for
    one thing.
  • Addition(??) in addition, furthermore, moreover,
    and, also, or, too, besides, again, whats more,
    likewise.
  • Emphasis(??) in fact, as a matter of fact, in
    other words, of course, certainly, above all,
    indeed, clearly, surely, in particular,
    obviously, naturally, anyway, in this case.

11
Classes of Transition Signals
  • Contrast(??) while, whereas, in contrast, on
    the other hand, instead, on the contrary, inspite
    of, despite, but, however, although, still, yet,
    nevertheless, conversely, otherwise.
  • Comparison(??) similarly, in the same way, even
    though, at the same time, not onlybut also,
    likewise, meanwhile.
  • Concession(??) although, after all, it is
    true(that).
  • Conclusion(??) in conclusion, to conclude, to
    sum up, to summarize, in summary, in all, in
    short, in brief, in a word.

12
Classes of Transition Signals
  • Cause(??) for this reason, because of this,
    because, since, as, for, due to, owing to, thanks
    to.
  • Consequence(??) thus, hence, therefore,
    accordingly, consequently, so, in this way, as a
    result.
  • Order(??) first, second, first of all, to begin
    with, at first, finally, eventually, in the end,
    immediately, soon, in front of, next to, opposite
    to, in the middle of, afterward, then.

13
20.4 Structure of Research Papers
  • Generally the parts of a research paper are as
    follows
  • Introduction(??)
  • Body (??)
  • Conclusion/Concluding Remarks (???)
  • If needed, illustrations (??), tables(??),
    appendix(??), list of references(????) and
    acknowledgment(??) may appear in a research
    paper.

14
The Introduction
  • An introduction serves four purposes
  • to give a general background of the topic
  • to arouse the readers interest
  • to focus on the topic or problem of the essay
  • to indicate the overall plan of the essay
  • This is accomplished by an introductory
    statement and a thesis statement. The
    introduction may be as short as one paragraph or
    as long as a chapter.

15
The Introductory Statement
  • It generally begins with a very general comment
    of the subject and gradually becomes more
    specific, thus leading to the thesis statement.
    Statistics, quotations, examples and questions
    are often used in this section to give background
    information and attract the readers attention.

16
The Thesis Statement
  • The thesis statement is
  • a complete sentence
  • used to identify the topic and/or to express an
    opinion or an idea.
  • The last sentence in the following example is the
    thesis statement.

17
The Body of the Paper
  • General
  • The body of a research paper will be the
    longest part. It will consist of many paragraphs
    that develop and support the thesis statement.
  • The text is not always written in the order
    it will appear. For example, many writers prefer
    to write the introduction last so as to be free
    to make changes in the body. Because many
    students find it most difficult to begin writing
    the paper, it may be best to start with a section
    that is easily written.

18
  • Transition
  • When the separate sections of a paper have
    been written, transitions will be necessary to
    make the text flow smoothly.
  • Between paragraphs, transitional sentences
    will be placed either at the end of the first or
    at the beginning of the next paragraph.
  • Between sentences, transition words, repeated
    key words and other reference words will be used
    to create cohesion.

19
Quotations(??)
  • Providing reference citations and a bibliography
    allows the reader to
  • find the documents you have used,
  • know that these ideas are not your own.
  • Generally accepted facts need no reference. For
    example, you can state that Einstein developed
    the Theory of Relativity without quoting your
    source. But if you use a certain aspect of the
    theory to support your thesis, the source needs
    to be identified.

20
The Conclusions
  • In a long paper, this may consist of an entire
    chapter in a shorter one, it will be one or two
    paragraphs long. The conclusion will include
  • a summary of the main points and/or
  • a restatement of the thesis and
  • final comments on the subject, possibly including
    suggestions for further research.

21
Assignment 2
  • Write a recipe regarding the cooking process of
    one of your favorite dishes.
  • A typical online for a recipe can be
  • 1) general introduction. 2) Detailed process.
Write a Comment
User Comments (0)
About PowerShow.com