Periodic Table Groups

1
Periodic Table Groups
2
Group 1 Alkali Metals

• 1 valence electron
• Very reactive
• react violently with water
• so reactive they are only found combined with
  other elements in nature
• Soft, silver colored, shiny, low density

3
Group 2 Alkaline-Earth Metals

• 2 valence electrons
• Very reactive, but less reactive than alkali
  metals
• so reactive they are only found combined with
  other elements in nature
• Silver colored, more dense than alkali metals

4
Groups 3-12 Transition Metals

• 1 or 2 valence electrons
• Less reactive than alkaline-earth metals
• Shiny, good conductors of thermal energy and
  electric current, higher densities and melting
  points (except for mercury) than elements in
  groups 1 and 2.

5
Lanthanides and Actinides

• Transition metals from periods 6 and 7 placed
  below the rest of the periodic table to keep it
  from being too wide.
• Properties of elements in each row tend to be
  similar.
• 1st row Lanthanides follow lanthanum
• 2nd row Actinides follow actinium

6
Group 13 Boron Group

• 3 valence electrons
• 1 metalloid, 4 metals
• Reactive
• Solid at room temperature
• Most common element aluminum

7
Group 14 Carbon Group

• 4 electrons
• 1 non-metal, 2 metalloids, 3 metals
• Reactivity varies
• Solid at room temperature
• Carbon uncombined with another element raw
  diamond

8
Group 15 Nitrogen Group

• 5 valence electrons
• 2 non-metals, 2 metalloids, 1 metal
• Reactivity varies
• Nitrogen is unreactive
• Phosphorus is very reactive only found combined
  with other elements in nature
• All but nitrogen are solid at room temperature.

9
Group 16 Oxygen Group

• 6 valence electrons
• 3 non-metals, 1 metalloid, 2 metals
• Reactive
• All but oxygen are solid at room temperature.

10
Group 17 - Halogens

• 7 valence electrons
• All non-metals
• Very reactive
• Poor conductors of electric current react
  violently with alkali metals to form salts never
  found uncombined in nature

11
Group 18 Noble Gases

• 8 valence electrons (2 for helium)
• All non-metals
• Unreactive
• Colorless, odorless gases at room temperature.

12
Hydrogen

• Properties do not match any single group so it is
  in a group of its own.
• 1 valence electron
• Reactive
• Colorless, odorless gas at room temperature low
  density reacts explosively with oxygen.

1 H Hydrogen