The Periodic Table

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The Periodic Table
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The modern periodic table

• Elements arranged in order of increasing atomic
  number.
• Arranged in groups and periods.

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Elements are arranged
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If you looked at one atom of every element in a
group you would see
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Each atom has the same number of electrons in
its outermost shell.

• An example

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Each atom has the same number of electrons in
its outermost shell.
Be (Beryllium) Atom
Mg (Magnesium) Atom
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If you looked at an atom from each element in a
period
you would see
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Each atom has the same number of electron holding
shells.
An example
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period 4 atoms each have 4 electron containing
shells
4th Shell
K (Potassium) Atom
Kr (Krypton) Atom
Fe (Iron) Atom
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Each group has distinct properties

• The periodic Table is divided into several groups
  based on the properties of different atoms.

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Alkali Metals Soft, silvery colored metals,
conduct electricity Very reactive!!! Especially
with water
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Alkaline Earth Metals
Silvery-White Metals Malleable Fairly
reactive Many are found in rocks in the earths
crust Conduct electricity
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Transition Metals
Malleable (easily bent/hammered into wires or
sheets)
Most are good Conductors of electricity
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Metalloids lie on either side of these
stairsteps
They share properties with both metals and
non-metals Si (Silicon) and Ge (Germanium) are
very important semi-conductors
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Nonmetals
Brittle Do not conduct electricity
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Halogens
Most are Poisonous Fairly reactive Fluorine is
the most reactive element - It can combine with
nearly any element on Earth.
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Noble Gases
Unreactive Gases at room temperature
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Lanthanide Series
Actinide Series
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Things I need to know

• Metals are solid, shiny malleable and ductile,
  and conduct electricity.
• Nonmetals are liquid or gas, dull, brittle, and
  do not conduct electricity.
• Metalloids are solid, dull, brittle, and are
  semiconductors.

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