Title: SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
1SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
Edward S. Piszynski Vice President, Laboratory
Services Bridgeview Aerosol, LLC.
2SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- What is a solvent?
- In its simplest definition, it is a substance,
usually a liquid, that dissolves or can dissolve
another substance. Most of the time, a solvent
is an organic liquid, i.e. based on
carbon-containing chemistry.
3SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Types of solvents
- Non-polar/Polar
- Hydrocarbon
- Aliphatic naphtha, mineral spirits, heptane,
hexane, propane, etc. - Cycloparaffins cyclohexane, etc.
- Aromatic toluene, xylene, aromatic 100, etc.
-
4SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Oxygenated
- Ketones acetone, MEK, MIBK, MBK, MPK, etc.
- Esters methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, DBE,
etc. - Ethers dimethyl ether, ethyl ether, etc.
- Glycol ethers EB, PM, PnP, DB, etc.
- Glycol ether acetates PM acetate, DB acetate,
etc. - Glycols ethylene glycol, propylene glycol,
hexylene glycol - Alcohols methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, etc.
- Others n-methyl pyrrolidone, AMP, THF
5SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Chlorinated
- methylene chloride, trichloroethylene,
perchloroethylene - Natural solvents
- citrus terpenes, pine oil, soy methyl ester
- Other
- VMS, HFEs, HCFCs, HFCs, DMF, etc.
- Water
- The most common solvent
6SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
SolvencyExamples
7SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Reasons for use
- Creating a useable form of a material
- Dissolving substances
- Reducing viscosity
- Substance removal
- Surface wetting
- Coupling activity
- Lubricity
- Controlled Evaporation Rate
- High Dielectric Strength
- Low Pour/Freeze Points
8SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Solvency
- Controlled Evaporation Rate
- Low Surface Tension/Wetting
- Lubricity/Emolliency
- Non-Corrosive/Non-Staining
- High Dielectric Strength
- Low Pour/Freeze Points
Insecticides, Fragrances, Degreasers Polishes,
Waxes, Fabric Protectants Insecticides,
Penetrants, Cleaners Lubricants, Personal Care
Products Products for Metal, Wood, and Certain
Fabrics Wasp and Hornet Sprays Outdoor Products
9SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Non-aqueous/aqueous system considerations
- Compatibility
- Materials
- Substrates
- Type of product
- Applications
- Materials
- Substrates
- Performance
- Dry time or evaporation requirements
- Packaging form
10SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- VOC/LVP-VOC/Exempt-VOC considerations
- Compatibility
- Materials
- Substrates
- Type of product
- Applications
- Materials
- Substrates
- Performance
- Dry time or evaporation requirements
- Packaging form
11SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Mass-based/reactivity-based regulatory
considerations -
- EPA has suggested that relative
reactivity-based regulations may help provide the
flexibility necessary to achieve further
emissions reductions from some source categories
to address persistent ozone non-attainment
problems.. - January 7, 2005 40 CFR. "Revisions to the
California State Implementation Plan and Revision
to the Definition of Volatile Organic Compounds
(VOC) - Removal of VOC Exemptions for
California's Aerosol Coating Products
Reactivity-based Regulation Proposed Rule"
12SOLVENT CHEMISTRY OVERVIEW
- Mass-based/reactivity-based regulatory
considerations - Compatibility
- Materials
- Substrates
- Type of product
- Applications
- Materials Substrates
- Solvent content Solvent function
- Substitution feasibility Performance
- Dry time or evaporation requirements
- Packaging form