Integrated Coastal Zone Management

1
Integrated Coastal Zone Management

• Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

2
Legislations

• Law 4/94 for the Protection of the Environment
• Article 5 Responsibility of EEAA for Preparing
  ICZM Plans in coordination and cooperation
  with all relevant authorities
• Prime Minister Executive Regulation 338/95 of the
  Law 4/94
• Minister of Environment Decision No 59/98 for the
  composition and function of the ICZM Committee.

3
Committee for Integrated Coastal Zone Management
Chairmanship of EEAA

• Specified Agencies
• Shoreline Protection
• Fisheries Development
• Ports Light house
• Urban Planning
• Tourism Development
• Egyptian Petroleum
• Inst. Oceanography Fisheries

• Ministries of
• Water Resources Irrigation
• Agriculture.
• Planning
• Maritime Affairs
• Defense
• Public Work
• Others
• Privet Sectors
• NGOs
• Advisors

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Function of the Committee

• Coordinate the action between coastal activities,
  land use planning and resources development.
• In case of conflict of interest, define
  responsibilities and harmonize actions.
• Balance the benefit between development
  activities and carrying capacity to insure
  sustainable development.
• Prepare ICAM Plans and raise it for adoption.
• Adopt rehabilitation plans for damaged ecosystems
• Review environmental national contingency plans
  raise them for adoption.
• Evaluate harmonize all development plans in the
  coastal zone and resolve conflicts.

5
Definition of the Coastal Zone

• Is the land-sea interface extending seawards to
  the territorial water and landwards for at least
  30 km in the desert areas, unless major
  topographical features interrupt its course. In
  the lower Nile Delta region, the landward extend
  up to contour line 3.0 m .

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Definition of theIntegrated Coastal Zone
Management

• Its a Dynamic and Iterative Process Initiated,
  Designed and Implemented by the Government to
• Resolve conflicts among different uses of coastal
  resources, including Land-uses
• Promote Sustainable Development and Uses of the
  Coastal Zone Resources.

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ICZM Means

• Integration of Objectives.
• Integration of Instruments need to meet these
  Objectives.
• Integration of Strategies, Sectors and other
  levels of Administration Policies.
• Integration of Terrestrial and Marine components
  of the target area.

8
ICZM Includes

• Information Collection
• Development of Strategic Policy to guide Land Use
  Planning
• Improvement of Decision Making Process
• Managing and Monitoring the process.

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Directives of ICZM Plan

• Within the limits set by the natural dynamic of
  the concerned systems and, taking into
  consideration the carrying and assimilative
  capacity of the coastal area. The long term
  objectives shall
• Balance the Benefits from
• Economic development and human uses of CZ
• Protecting, preserving and restoring CZ
• Minimize loss of human life and property
• Insure public access to and enjoyment of CZ

10
Directives ICZM Process

• Shall insure
• Awareness of issues of common concern
• Facilitate the Dialogue and Exchange of views
  among interested and affected parties
• Support the Cooperation among all parties
• Basis for Coordination of Action
• Fosters Integration Harmonization of Management
  Plans

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Economic Sectors Involved

• Fisheries, Fish Farming and Agriculture.
• Mineral Oil Extraction, Petrochemicals
  Refineries, Power Generation, and Industry in
  general.
• Shipbuilding, Ports Marinas, Tourism, Airports
  air transport.
• Governmental activities, Recreation activities,
  Military Defense, Etc.

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Constrains and Obstacles

• Legal conflicts among stakeholders
• Lake of adequate legislations
• Economic conflicts
• Financial constrains
• Political influences
• Decision making and taking processes

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Environmental Challenges

• Coastal erosion, and Sediment movement.
• Water Air pollution and Water Sanitation
• Population growth, Tourism Recreation, Mineral
  extraction and Over-fishing.
• Transport congestion Urban expansion.
• Endangered migrants species, Habitat loss.

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Proposed ICZM Process

• Historical perspective
• Major coastal environment.
• Relative values of coastal resources.
• Coastal Commercial fisheries
• Coastal tourism
• Ports and shipping etc.
• Resource uses activities.
• Critical problems.

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Proposed ICZM Process

• Governance Structure
• Property rights in the Coastal Area (relative
  right of the public and private sectors).
• Governance of Coastal Area (responsibilities,
  legal power, government organization and
  procedures).

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Proposed ICZM Process

• Decision Making
• Who makes critical decisions?
• What criteria information are used?
• What are the major factors that influence
  decision-making?
• How are decisions implemented and enforced?

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Proposed ICZM Process

• Program Evaluation
• Critical problems being addressed
• Critical problems not being addressed
• Ability of Governance Structure and
  Decision-Making process to address problems
• Prospects for changes.