Designing Interfaces and Dialogues

1
????? ?????? ????? Modern Systems Analysisand
Design
?????? ?????? ???????????
???????? ?? ????? ??? ???? ????-

• 14
• ????? ???????? ?????????
• Designing Interfaces and Dialogues

14.1
2
?????

• ??????? ??? ????? ????? ????????? ???????? ??????
  ??? ??????? ??? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ?????
• ????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ?????? ?????
  ??????
• ????? ????? ???????? ?????????
• ?? ??? ??????? ???? ??? ????????
• ????? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?????????
• ?? ??? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? prototyping
• ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????????
  ????????? ??? ??????? ?????
• ???????? Deliverables
• ??????? ??????? ????? Design Specifications
• ??? ???? Narrative ????? ????? ?????? ??????
  ???????? ?????????

14.2
3
??? ?????? ???????Interaction Methods and Devices

• ??? ??????? ?? ??????
• 1- ??? ???????(????? ??? ???? ???? ???????)
• 2- ????? ????????
• ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ?????
• ????? ???? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ?????
• ???? ????? ?? ????? ????? ???????? ????? ???
  ????? ???????? ???????? ??????
• ???? ??? ??????? ?? ???????
• ???? ????? ?? ??????? ????????
• ??????? ???? ???? ????? ????Pop-up
• ??????? ???????? Drop-down
• Table 14-1 presents general guidelines for
  designing menus

14.3
4
??? ?????? ???????Interaction Methods and Devices

• 3 ???????
• ???? ?????????? ???? ??????
• ????? ???? ?????? ????? ?
• ?????? ????? ????? ?????
• ?????? ?????? ?? ??????? ??????
• ???? ????? ?????????
• ??? ???????? ?????? Default values
• ????? ?????? ??????
• ?????? ???? Scrolling ??????? ??? ?? ????

14.4
5
??? ?????? ???????Interaction Methods and Devices

• 4- ?????? ???????? Object-Based
• ?????? ???? ?????? ??????? ????????
• ????????? Icons
• ??? ???? ???? ?????? ??????? ??????
• ???? ??????? ???? ??????
• ???? ?????? ?? ??????????
• 5- ?????? ???????? Natural Language
• ??????? ???????? ?? ???? ?????? ???????? ????
  ????? ???????? ???????????
• ??????? ??????? ?? ???????Hardware Options for
  System Interaction
• ????? Table 14-2 Table 14-3

14.5
6
????? ???????? Designing Interfaces

• ??? ??????? Designing Layouts
• ??? ?? ???? ????? ????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????
  ?????? ???? ???????
• ?????? ?? ??????? ??????????? ????? ??????? ???
  ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ??? ???? (???
  ??????? ???????)
• ?????? (???????) ????????
• ????? ????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??????
• ??? ??? ??? ???????? ??????? ??? ??? ??? ????????
  ??? ??????
• ?? ????? ?? ??? ??? ?? ???? ???? ???? ??? (?????
  ?????)

14.6
7
????? ????? ???????? Structuring Data Entry
14.7
8
?????? ?? ????? ???????? Controlling Data Input

• ??? ????? ????? ????? ??????? ?? ????? ?????
  ???????
• ??? ????? ???? ????? ?? ???? ????? ??????????
  ?????? ???????? ???? ???? ?????? ????? ???
• Table 14-8 describes types of data entry errors
• Table 14-9 lists techniques used by system
  designers to detect errors

14.8
9
????? ??????? ??????? Providing Feedback

• ????? ?????? Status Information
• ???? ???????? ????? ??? ???? ?? ?????? (????
  ????? ????)
• ??? ??? ?????? ??? ? ???? ?? ???? ???? ???????
  ???? (30...40..)
• ????? ????????? Prompting Cues - ?? ????? ????
  ???????
• ????? ????? ???????? Error and Warning Messages
• ???? ?? ????????? ???????
• ???? ?? ????? ???????? ? ?? ????? ??? ?? ??? ????
• ???? ?????? ??? ?????? ???????
• ????? ???????? Providing Help
• ?? ???? ???? ???????? ?! ( ??????? ????? ???????
  )
• ??????? ?????? ?????
• ??????? ?????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ???? ?????
• ????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????
  ???? ??? ???

14.9
10
????? ???????? Designing Dialogues

• ?????? Dialogue (????? ????? ??? ?????????
  ???????? ?????????? ???)
• ????? ?????? ???????? ?? ????????? ?????? ?????
  ????????
• 3 ????? -
• ??? ????? ?????? ???? ????? ???? (?????) ???
  ??????

14.10
11
????? ????? ???????? Designing the Dialogue
Sequence

• ????? ??????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????????
  ????? ??????
• ???? ??????Dialogue Diagram
• Consists of a box with three sections
• Top Unique display reference number used by
  other displays for referencing dialogue
• Middle Contains the name or description of the
  display
• Bottom Contains display reference numbers that
  can be accessed from the current display
• ?????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????????
  ??????????

14.11
12
??????? ?? ?????? ???????? - ?????????Designing
Interfaces and Dialogues in Graphical Environments

• ????? ???? Issues
• ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ?? ?????? ???????? (?????
  ??????? ???????? standards)
• ???? ??????? ??????? ?????? ?????????
• Figure 14-20 presents standards for menus
• Table 14-14 presents some common properties of
  windows and forms in a GUI environment
• ????? ???? ?? ??????? Dialogue Design Issues
• ???? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ????? ????? ??????
• ???? ??? ?????? ?? ????? ?? ????? ????? ????
  ????? ????

14.12
13
Electronic Commerce ApplicationDesigning
Interfaces and Dialogues for Pine Valley
Furnitures Webstore

• General Guidelines
• Several factors have contributed to poor design
  of Web interfaces
• Webs single click-to-act method of loading
  static hypertext documents
• Limited capabilities of most Web-browsers to
  support finely grained user interactivity
• Limited agreed-upon standards for encoding Web
  content and control mechanisms
• Lack of maturity in Web scripting and programming
  languages
• Design errors are summarized in Table 14-15

14.13
14
Electronic Commerce ApplicationDesigning
Interfaces and Dialogues for Pine Valley
Furnitures Webstore

• Design Guidelines
• Navigation with cookie crumbs
• A technique which uses a series of tabs on a Web
  page to show users where they are and where they
  have been in the site
• Tabs are hyperlinks to allow users to move
  backward easily within the site
• Two important purposes
• Allows users to navigate to a point previously
  visited
• Shows users where they have been and how far they
  have gone from point of entry into site

8.14