The Great War Leaders and Heroes:The Great People

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The Great War Leaders and HeroesThe Great People

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John J. Pershing

• Born in 1860
• Fought in WW1 in France
• First battle in the Spanish-American
• Born in Missouri
• Commander of the US forces

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Woodrow Wilson

• Born in 1856
• His father was a preacher
• His Fathers church was a hospital
• He used to be a professor
• This man was always neutral

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Ferdinand Foch

• Born in 1851
• He was from France
• Wanted to fight in a war
• Won the Battle of Marne
• After that became a Generalissimo

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Erich Ludendorff

• Born in 1865
• German dominant member in 1871
• Born in Prussia
• Joined the German Supreme Staff
• Became a national hero

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Philippe Petain

• Born in 1856, in France
• His mother died in 1857
• Commission officer in 1878
• In 1916 received command of Army Group Center
• In 1945, found guilty of treason

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Douglas Haig

• Born in 1839
• From Scotland
• Used to be lazy
• Got in the Oxford College
• In 1885 joined the cavalry

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William Mitchell

• Family from Wisconsin
• Born in 1879, in France
• Air Service commander
• Went to war when Maine exploded
• Supervised telephone lines in Cuba

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Aleksey Brusilov

• Born in Georgia
• A Russian general
• Fought against the Turkish
• Awarded by the Czar
• He ended up hating the Czar

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The Role Military Leaders in Significant Battle

• Erich von Falkenhayn, Phillipe Pétain, Douglas
  Haig, Alfred von Schlieffen, and John J. Pershing

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Erich von Falkenhayn

• German Commander-in-chief General
• He considered England most important enemy
• Believed England would collapse with France
• Willing to sacrifice whole army
• Thought army would be easy to defeat
• In the Battle of Verdun

     
     
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Phillipe Pétain

• Commander-in-chief of the Verdun front
• Defense on right bank of Meuse.
• Lost village of Douaumont to Germans.
• Made French defense stronger

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Douglas Haig

• General in Battle of Somme 1916-1917
• Previously in command of B.E.F 1st corps
• Recently promoted to commander of British.
• Haigs plan-massive artillery barrage
• Barrage set June 24, 1916.
• Pounded German lines for seven days.

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QUOTES

• "The machine gun is a much over rated weapon.."
• Haig - 1915
• "The nation must be taught to bear losses. No
  amount of skill on the part of the higher
  commanders, no training, however good, on the
  part of the officers and men, no superiority of
  arms and ammunition, however great, will enable
  victories to be won without the sacrifice of
  men's lives. The nation must be prepared to see
  heavy casualty lists."
• Written by Haig in June 1916 before the battle
  began

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Alfred von Schlieffen

• Staff officer during Austro-Prussian War
• (1866)
• Devised war plan against Russia/France
• Founder of Schlieffen Plan
• Strategy-invasion of Belgium moving southwards.
• Strategy would cut Paris from sea

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John J. Pershing

• Commander of AEF
• Grew army to 3,000,000 men
• Forbid mixed troops with European nations
• Let Meuse-Argonne offensive of1918
• Congress created new rank for Pershing
• Rank called General of the Armies of the U.S

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QUOTES

• "We never really let the Germans know who won the
  war. They are being told that their army was
  stabbed in the back, betrayed, that their army
  had not been defeated. The Germans never believed
  they were beaten. It will have to be done all
  over again...."
• Pershing in 1923 on the prospects of another
  war.
• "We came American. We shall remain American and
  go into battle with Old Glory over our heads. I
  will not parcel out American boys."
• Pershing on keeping the AEF together as a
  fighting force.
• "Lafayette, we are here!"
• attributed to Pershing, but he claims it was
  uttered by Charles E. Stanton.
• "The way to capture machine guns is by grit and
  determination."
• Haig - 1915

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Main Leaders

• Czar Nicholas, Woodrow Wilson, King George V,
  Mehmed V, Kaiser Wilhelm, Ferdinand Foch

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Czar NicholasMay 6, 1868 June 16, 1918

• Leader of Russia
• Born in Tsarsko Selo
• Was heavily guarded his whole life
• Took control of army 1915
• Abdicated in March, 1917
• Shot to death in Yekatinburg

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Woodrow Wilson1856-1924

• Leader of USA
• Had two terms as president
• Supported neutrality
• Elected in 1912
• Reelected in 1916
• He kept us out of war

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King George V1865-1936

• Leader of Britain
• Married the Duke of Tecks daughter
• Emperor of India
• Well know stamp collector
• Tutored by John Neale Dalton

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Mehmed V1844-1918

• Leader of the Ottoman Empire
• Had no real political power
• Was controlled by Committee of Union and Progress
• 39th Ottoman Sultan
• Took the throne in 1909
• Called Muslims to the Ottoman cause

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Kaiser Wilhelm II1859-1941

• Leader of Germany
• Wanted a place in the sun
• Born with a deformed arm
• Forced to abdicate through Armistice
• Buried at Doorn
• Was a saber rattler

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Ferdinand Foch1851-1929

• Leader of France
• Born in Tarbes
• Commander in Chief of France
• Roman Catholic
• Joined the army in 1871
• Served as an officer 1901 - 1907

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Strengths and weaknesses of The Main Leaders
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Ferdinand Foch

• He was the leader of France.
• Hes supreme commander of allied forces.
• Strong offensive attacks on central powers.
• Poor decisions in a battle.
• Won at Battle of the Marne.

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King George V

• Main Leader of Britain.
• Strengths were good strong army.
• Great leading skills.
• Weaknesses were his bad relationships.
• Bad decisions.
• At war with own family.

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Sultan Mehmad V

• Leader of the Ottoman Empire.
• Strengths were holding already controlled areas.
• Weaknesses were gaining territory.
• Also losing many fights to Britain.

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Woodrow Wilson

• Was the President of the U.S.
• Strengths good decisions in the war.
• Strong and updated army and navy.
• Staying neutral for a long time.
• Weaknessa little late for war.
• Dealing with other allied commanders.

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Kaiser Wilhelm II

• Leader of Germany in WWI.
• Was very complicated, but intelligent.
• Strengths were strong and trained army.
• Weaknesses were being too liberal.
• Also talking too much to newspapers.

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Czar Nicholas II

• Russia.
• Couldnt handle task of leading country.
• Strengths were big army.
• Weakness was poorly trained army.

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The Unsung Heroes of World War I
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Eddie Rickenbacker

• During the war he had jobs fighter pilot and a
  wartime advisor
• He had jobs before/after the war race car
  driver, an airline executive, and an elder
  statesman
• The American ace of aces.
• Accomplishments in life spokesman and advocate
  for conservative causes. He was also a respected
  teacher.

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Billy Mitchell

• Officer in the Army.
• The father of U.S. Air Force.
• American airpower history awarded the
  Distinguished service cross and the Distinguished
  service medal.
• Top American combat airmen in war.

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Alvin York

• He single-handedly took 132 German prisoners.
• He did not want to fight.
• Awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor.
• He was a Tennessee corporal.

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Baron Manfred Von Richtofen

• The best known German ace.
• He was nicknamed the Red Baron.
• He was inspired by Oswald Boelcke.
• He joined a cavalry unit.

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Eugene Jacques Bullard

• The only black pilot of WWI.
• He had jobs in the United Kingdom.
• Bullard wasnt accepted into American service.
• Known as, Black Swallow of Death.

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  ndrew.
• Professor Woodward, David R. "The Middle East
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  gt. --lindsay, Chase