3' End of Bakufu

1
3. End of Bakufu

• Antiforeign movement
• Downfall of Bakufu

2
Antiforeign Movement (1860-68)

• Bakufus conciliatory policies (Union of Court ad
  Camp) towards court and daimyo after Iis death
• Adamant opposition by shishi most lower ranking
  samurai, dissatisfied with economic and political
  status, determined to get ride of foreigners and
  barkufu
• The sonno joi movement 70 assassinations and a
  few coup attempts (1860-64)
• Attempts by shishi in Satsuma (1863) and Choshu
  (1864) to drive out the foreigners devastated
  their domains.
• Most radical leaders died in violence or
  suppression by domain leadership

3
End of Bakufu (1864-68)

• Rise of two large outer han (2 and 9 in income
  and large samurai, feudal morale and financial
  solvency)
• Competition between them in affecting national
  politics both in Union of Court and Camp and
  in pro-imperialist movement.
• Military modernization and realistic policy in
  Choshu and Satsuma after the disasters of
  expulsion in 1863-64
• Expeditions to Choshu in 1865 to punish its 1864
  coup
• Capitulation and coup in Choshu with extremists
  in control
• Second expedition and secrete Alliance with
  Satsuma (1866 )
• The new Shoguns effort in modernization and
  political reform failed because the court and
  most daimyo would not support it.
• Rebels launched the coup in Jan. 1868

4
Satsuman and Choshu, last shogun
5
Study Questions

• Who were the major players in the feudal politics
  in the Tokugawa Japan? What were the central
  issue of contention between them? How did the
  players and nature of the conflict change after
  Western intrusion?
• Who were shishi? What did they want? How did
  other major players (bakufu, daimyo and imperial
  court) respond to them? What did they accomplish?
  
• Who were the real leaders of the Meiji
  Restoration? Where did they come from? What
  common characteristics did they share? How did
  they change the direction of the anti-foreign
  movement?