The Early Renaissance

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The Early Renaissance
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Introduction

• Re-birth
• The Renaissance Man
• Individualism
• Humanism
• Modern Nation, State born
• Capitalism replaces feudalism
• Science
• Study of optics and linear perspective
• Study of anatomy
• Universities

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Early Renaissance Florence, Italy

• Economic wealth
• Wool industry
• Banking industry
• Merchant princes
• Awakening of the classics
• Medici family
• Cosimo de Medici
• Lorenzo de Medici, The Magnificent
• Reigned 1469-1492
• Humanist
• Patron of the arts (Botticelli, Michelangelo)
• Savonarola (1452 1498)

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Women in the Renaissance

• Women idealized during the Renaissance
• Virgin Mary
• Venus
• Women had little access to learning unless
  wealthy.
• Aristocratic or convent life were only options
  for female intellectuals.

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• What set apart the Renaissance of the fifteenth
  century from the fourteenth century?
• What were the causes of changes that took place?

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Aristotles Great Chain of Being

• Primum Mobile
• Humans
• Animals
• Plants
• Matter

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              The Great Chain of
BeingMedieval Worldview
GodAngelsKings/QueensArchbishopsDukes/Duchess
esBishopsMarquises/MarchionessesEarls/Countesse
sViscounts/ViscountessesBarons/BaronessesAbbots
/DeaconsKnights/Local OfficialsLadies-in-Waiting
Priests/MonksSquiresPagesMessengersMerchants/
ShopkeepersTradesmenYeomen FarmersSoldiers/Town
WatchHousehold ServantsTennant
FarmersShephards/HerdersBeggarsActorsThieves/P
iratesGypsiesAnimalsBirdsWormsPlantsRocks
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Machiavelli

• Secular Humanism
• The Prince secular political theory
• Power is to be used with wisdom and ruthlessness
• Prince must not be deterred by morality
• Pragmatic
• Authority not derived from God, but from power.

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Pico della Mirandola

• Diagram Picos worldview and explain how it
  differs from a medieval worldview.
• All human learning can be synthesized to yield
  basic and elementary truths.
• Oration is preface to 900 theses (intellectual
  propositions) which, according to Pico summed up
  all human learning.

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Erasmus

• Christian humanist
• Friends with Thomas More (of Utopia)
• Attempted to combine Classical learning and a
  simple approach to Christian living.
• St. Francis of Assisi
• Attempt to reconcile the renewal of Classical
  learning with medieval Christian teachings.

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• The word renaissance means rebirth.
• In the Italian Renaissance, this concept is
  usually interpreted as a rebirth of interest in
  antiquity.
• Explain how the Italian renaissance is more
  correctly labeled a synthesis of ancient and
  contemporary values.

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Da Vinci Madonna of the Rocks, 1494
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Da Vinci Last Supper, 1498
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Masaccio The Holy Trinity
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DaVinci Mona Lisa
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MICHELANGELO CREATION OF ADAM
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Michelangelo Pieta
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MICHELANGELO DAVID
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BOTTICELLI PALLAS CENTAUR, 1482
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BOTTICELLI BIRTH OF VENUS, 1485
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BOTTICELLI La PRIMAVERA, 1482
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Brunelleschi Dome, Cathedral of Florence,1436