BIOSAFETY

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BIOSAFETY

• Presented By Kris Rossmiller

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DEFINITION

• An agent of biological origin that has the
  capacity to produce deleterious effects on human.
• i.e, microorganisms, toxins, and allergens
  derived from the organisms and allergens derived
  from higher plants and animals

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INTRODUCTION

• Why Biosafety Practices?
• Protection
• students
• faculty
• staff
• environment

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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• Knowledgeable instructor
• Knowledgeable students
• Aware of potential hazards
• Proficient in practices and techniques

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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• BIOSAFETY LEVELS
• LABORATORY PRACTICES
• SAFETY EQUIPMENT (Primary Barriers)
• FACILITY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION (SECONDARY
  BARRIER)

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GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

• BIOSAFETY CABINETS
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT
• Gloves
• Lab Coats
• Eye and Face Protection
• PIPETTING DEVICES

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DEFINITION

• BIOSAFETY
• The application of safety practices when working
  with potentially infectious microorganisms.

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BIOSAFETY LEVELS

• BSL-1 agents not known to cause disease
• BSL-2 agents associated with human disease
• BSL-3 indigenous/exotic agents associated with
  human disease and with the potential for aerosol
  transmission
• BSL-4 dangerous/exotic agents of life
  threatening nature

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1

• Suitable for work involving agents not known to
  cause disease in healthy adult humans and of
  minimal potential hazard to students, faculty,
  staff and the environment.

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Biosafety Level 1FACILITY DESIGN (SECONDARY
BARRIER)

• Laboratories are required to have
• Doors
• Sink for hand washing
• Work surfaces easily cleaned
• Bench tops impervious to water
• Sturdy furniture
• Windows fitted with fly screens

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1

• No special location
• Normal construction
• No special ventilation

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1LABORATORY PRACTICES

• LIMIT ACCESS WHEN WORKING
• NO EATING OR SMOKING
• NO PIPETTING BY MOUTH
• USE MECHANICAL PIPETTING DEVICES
• WASH YOUR HANDS
• DECONTAMINATE SURFACES DAILY
• DECONTAMINATE WASTES

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1Safety Equipment (Primary
Barrier)

• Protective Clothing
• Lab Coat
• Gloves
• Face Shield
• Safety Glasses or Goggles
• Long Pants
• Sturdy Shoes

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2

• Definition
• Suitable for work involving agents of moderate
  potential hazard to personnel and the
  environment.

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2Facility Design ( Secondary
Barrier)

• Laboratory Requirements
• Doors with Locks
• Sink for Hand Washing
• Work surfaces easily cleaned
• Bench tops impervious to water
• Sturdy furniture

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2Facility Design (Secondary
Barrier)

• Laboratory Requirements Cont
• Autoclave Available
• Biological safety cabinets installed as needed
• Adequate lighting
• Eyewash readily available
• Airflows into lab without re-circulation to
  non-lab areas
• Windows fitted with fly screens

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2Facility Construction
(Secondary Barrier)

• Requirements
• Location separate from public areas
• Structure normal construction
• Ventilation - directional

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 1Safety Equipment (Primary
Barrier)

• Protective Clothing
• Lab Coat
• Gloves
• Face Shield
• Safety Glasses or Goggles
• Long Pants
• Sturdy Shoes

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2Safety Equipment (Primary
Barrier)

• Use biosafety cabinets for work with infectious
  agents involving
• Aerosols and splashes
• Large volumes
• High Concentrations

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BIOSAFETY LEVEL 2Standard Practices

• SAME AS BSL-1

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SHARPS

• Dispose in sharps container ONLY
• DONT break, bend, reuse syringes or needles
• DONT place needles or sharps in waste baskets
• DONT touch broken glass with hands

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BIOSAFELY LEVEL 2SPECIAL PRACTICES

• Restricted lab entry
• Posted Biohazard signs
• Biosafety Manual
• Training with annual updates
• Use of leak-proof transport containers
• Immunizations

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BIOSAFELY LEVEL 2SPECIAL PRACTICES

• Decontaminate work surfaces
• Baseline serum samples
• Report spills and accidents
• No animals in laboratory

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BIOSAFETYSpecial Equipment

• Biosafety Cabinet
• Four types different levels of protection
• Inward air flow with HEPA filter
• HEPA filter traps particulates
• Isolated from other work areas
• Air exhaust outside

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BIOSAFETYSpecial Equipment

• Biosafety Cabinet
• CAUTIONS
• Chemicals damage HEPA filter
• Volatile Chemicals not retained by HEPA filter
• Fans NOT spark proof

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BIOSAFETYSpecial Equipment

• CENTRIFUGES
• Types Speed (rpm)
• Microcentrifuges app. 15,000
• Low/High speed 2000 20,000
• Ultracentrifuges 120,000

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BIOSAFETYSpecial Equipment

• Centrifuges Hazards
• Mechanical failure of machine
• Lab equipment failure (i.e. tubes)
• Aerosol generation
• Operator error

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BIOSAFETYDecontamination

• 3 Types
• Sterilization-chemical or physical procedure to
  destroy microbiological life.
• Disinfection-chemical or physical procedure to
  eliminate most recognized pathogenic
  microorganisms on inanimate objects

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BIOSAFETYDecontamination

• 3 Types cont
• Antisepsis- germicide that is used on skin or
  living tissue for the purpose of inhibiting or
  destroying microorganisms.

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BIOSAFETYDecontamination Methods

• 3 Types
• Heat
• Steam sterilization
• Dry Heat sterilization
• Incineration
• Chemical liquids, gases
• Radiation

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BIOSAFETYLab Decontamination

• General Lab Use Hypochloride Solutions (Bleach)
• Large Spills/Large Organic Load-undiluted
• Small Spills/Virus Inactivation 10- 19
• General surface Disinfection 1- 199

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BIOSAFETYBiological Waste

• Types
• Cultures, stocks, isolates
• Materials contaminated with blood
• Sharps
• Pipettes, wrappers, tips
• All material used in lab

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BIOSAFETYBiological Waste

• Disposal-Contact EHS for pickup
• Disposal animal waste contact-Liz
• Puncture-proof, leak-proof, sealable
• receptacles
• Avoid overfilling
• No biologicals can go down drain
• (Des Moines City Ordinance)

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BIOSAFETYHazards

• Other Hazards in the lab
• Fire
• Electrical
• Slip Trip
• Cuts
• Natural Events (Severe Weather)

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BIOSAFETYEmergency Response

• Personal Contamination
• Alert students instructor to call Security
  medical emergency request EMTs
• Clean exposed surface with soap and water,
  eyewash (eyes), or saline (mouth)
• Notify Security 811-Immediately

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BiosafetyEmergency Response

• Notify Emergency Response Coordinator- Kris
  Rossmiller x3125
• Receive medical treatment (EMT)
• Fill out paperwork upon return

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BIOSAFETYEmergency Response

• Surface Contamination
• Alert students and instructor
• Isolate area

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Emergency Response

• Major spill-Contact Emergency Response
  coordinator-Kris Rossmiller x3125
• Put on appropriate PPE
• Remove glass with forceps or scoop
• Apply paper towels to soak up
• Apply disinfectant let stand 20 minutes
• Wash with soap and water (Notify custodial)
• Properly dispose of contaminated materials

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BIOSAFETY

• Acknowledgments
• CDC
• NIH

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QUESTIONS