WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

• The existing Biochemical Engineering Building
• built some 30 years ago to provide temporary
  laboratory space (3 years) for the Biochemical
  engineering research
• energy inefficient inadequate insulation poor
  climate control
• leaky roof and unattractive.
• Needs constant repair
• expensive to operate and maintain

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Western Engineering Students Activity Building

• Champions
• /Dr. Franco Berruti/Dr. Ernest Yanful
• The goal of the proposed project is to replace
  the existing aging Bioengineering building with a
  modern, state of-the-art, environmentally
  friendly, and energy-efficient building designed
  by students with the help of Engineering faculty
  and external advisors consisting of engineers and
  architects.

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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

• The building will be used as a Western
  Engineering Students Centre with facilities to
  meet the needs of present and future students.
• The Students Centre will serve as the focal point
  for students life at Western Engineering.
• It will provide a special place where the next
  generation of Engineering students can learn,
  study, and interact with one another on both an
  academic and social level, in an environmentally
  and ecologically minded atmosphere.
• It is a sustainable development education
  initiative that is unique in Canada, utilizing
  groundbreaking conservation concepts and
  practices, and future technologies
• Integration of both the technological and the
  environmental aspects of Engineering into an
  overall learning process

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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

• Our vision is to combine the human factor in
  technology with a commitment to sustainable
  development, and sound environmental stewardship
  embracing all aspects of teaching, learning and
  research here at Western Engineering.

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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

• Requirements
• - Three Floors with no basement
• - 1048 m2 Per Floor (11275 ft2 Per floor)
• - The Green Building will be will be located
  adjacent to Westerns main Spencer Engineering
  Building and the new Thompson Engineering
  Building. It will be connected to these buildings
  via a 2nd floor passageway- greatly enhancing
  ease of movement between key areas of Western
  Engineering.
• - The road running between the Thompson
  Building and the proposed Green Building will
  remain.
• - Building should be designed to allow future
  extension to its northern face.

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Western Engineering StudentsActivity Building
(Contd)

• Features of the Building Three-storey approx.
  34,000 sq. ft. (11,275 sq. ft on each floor)
• - laboratories and design studios for first and
  upper year design courses and projects, such as
  Sunstang and Formulae SAE, and WEDD library
  with reading rooms
• Estimated Cost 7 million including demolition
  of existing building and costs of green
  technologies according to the LEEDS guidelines

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WESTERN ENGINEERING STUDENTS GREEN BUILDING

• Elevator at the back of the atrium
• Stairs at the front or the atrium
• No Basement
• First Floor 12000 ft2, materials lab, machine
  shop, 2 design studios, and a cafeteria that
  opens to the atrium (greenhouse/biosphere)
• Second Floor 12000ft2, 5 concentric seating
  lecture theatres, 4 conference/meeting rooms
  (1600ft2 each)
• Third Floor 12000ft2, Library, 2500ft2 lounge
  with wireless internet access, offices for
  library staff, 10 reading rooms, offices for
  student services, academic offices (Ex. student
  clubs, WES, Student activities Formula SAE,
  Sunstang)

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FEATURES OF BUILDING

• Computerized access (wheelchair and elevator)
  with a public building efficiency viewing
  station
• Geothermal energy regulating temperatures
• Wastewater and grey water treatment
• Smart lighting (with automated dimming and
  motion censors)
• Smart electronics (computers, fax machines,
  photocopiers, etc. that go into power saving mode
  when not in use)
• High Efficiency HVAC, highly insulated. The
  building should perform as a cold climate
  insulated building in the winter and as a
  naturally ventilated tropical building in the
  summer.
• Waterless, low flow, composting, or biomass
  treating system for toilets and sinks
• Recycled materials used in construction
• Substantial wood construction?

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FEATURES OF BUILDING

• Green roof
• Rain/snow harvesting
• Solar collectors and solar cells
• Indoor air quality control
• Individually operable windows
• Design will incorporates chimney effect, heat
  sink, and thermo siphoning.
• Cafeteria Facility, managed and run in part by
  the students, will offer a wide selection of
  nutritious foods within a conservation-minded,
  paperless and waste-free environment.
• Mini Green house or Biosphere

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FEATURES OF BUILDING

• A Mini-Biosphere
• The centrepiece of the Engineering Student
  Centre will be a beautiful glass-domed green
  garden atrium featuring growing plants, running
  water and tranquil ponds. This common area will
  not only provide a stimulating natural
  environment conducive to student socialization
  and study, but will also provide a unique
  educational opportunity. Within this
  mini-biosphere, students will study and learn how
  engineering design of the building itself impacts
  the fragile natural environment. As students
  conduct water management, biochemical, thermal
  energy, and other studies, they will learn what
  it means to create efficient and ecologically
  sustainable integrated engineering designs.

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Designed by Students for Students

• Conceptual design phase of the three-year project
  will begin in September 2004,
• Initial design work to be performed by students
  as part of their 4th Year Design Project course.
  In 2005, supervised students will conduct
  detailed integrated design work in collaboration
  with industry- including architects and
  engineering consulting firms- to tackle the
  structural, environmental, materials, mechanical
  and electrical requirements.
• The Centre is tentatively scheduled for
  completion in late 2006

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Designed by Students for Students

• Integrated Design Process
• Core Team architect, client, CE, SE, ME, EE, CE,
  EnvE, BCE, IE plus a design facilitator
• Define performance goals at the outset
• Define sustainability goals using tools such as
  GREEN GLOBES-Natural Resources Canada
• Emphasize and incorporate team work right from
  the beginning

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Designed by Students for Students

• ISSUES TO BE CONSIDERED
• Demolition of existing Bioengineering building
• Recycling of materials scrap metals hot
  market 275/metric tonne. For example,
  China-not enough supply
• Structural, foundation, building envelope,
  energy, materials, power supply, operational
  issues
• Type of construction wood, smart concrete,
  precast/cast-in-place, steel?
• VisionLoad reduction and increased efficiency
  minimum (zero, if possible) storm water runoff
  reduced energy consumption, use of green
  materials, mimimum ecological footprint, use of
  renewable energy sources, eco-efficiency

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PROPOSED STUDENTS DESIGN TEAMS (WESTERN)

• CBE
• -2 Groups (3 Chemical and 3 Biochemical
  Engineering students)
• CEE
• - 2 Structural engineering groups - two possible
  solutions to one problem 4 students in each
  group)
• ECE
• -2 Groups ( 1 group 3 electrical engineering
  students 1 computer e2ngineering student
  another group 2-3 software engineering students)
• IE
• -multidisciplinary team (one student from each
  discipline of engineering CEE, CBE,MME, Software,
  ECE, and integrated)
• MME
• - 12 Mechanical engineering students (4 projects
  to be done by 4 groups of 3 students each)

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Chicago Centre for Green Technologies
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Chicago CCGT- Solar Panels
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CCGT

• Purpose to reduce fossil fuel emissions released
  when electricity is produced.
• CCGT Design includes
• ? Photovoltaic cells.
• ? Passive light designs including a green house
  with heat absorbing tiles and skylights.
• ? Smart lighting, which adjusts the electrical
  lights according to the available natural light,
  thus lowering electricity requirements.
• ? Motion-sensitive lights that turn themselves
  off when the room is empty.

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CCGT Green Roof reduce stormwater input to city
sewer system
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CCGT-Rain Harvesting
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CCGT-Ground Source Heat Pump
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CCGT-Design Features

• CCGT Design includes
• ? A ground source heat pump and pipes which carry
  fluid through a series of lopped pipes 200 feet
  below ground level. The liquid is used to
  regulate the temperature in the building.
• ? Highly effective insulation, including the
  green roof, was required to lower heating and
  cooling expenses.
• ? CCGT uses natural gas to heat the building
  because it is a renewable resource.
• ? The building is made from manly local materials
  (this reduces pollution related to transportation
  and helps the local economy).
• ? Use less harmful chemical products both for the
  construction and for the maintenance of the
  building.
• ? The green roof creates oxygen from carbon
  dioxide through the natural processes of the
  plant life.

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York University Computer Science Building
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York Computer Science Building

• The 9,282m2 computer science building, with 3
  stories, was designed mainly for energy
  efficiency but has many other greenfeatures.
• Design Features
• energy efficient in the winter and summer
• heavy insulation and lot of natural light
• open concept design with a central atrium and
  exhaust columns to allow natural venting and
  natural lighting

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York Computer Science Building

• thermal chimney effect, Warm air (daytime)
  rises up to the ceiling and replaces cooler air.
  Warm air is siphoned off using fans at the top of
  the exhaust columns and by computerized windows
  at the top of the atrium. The hot air is
  replaced by fresh air, which is collected at
  ground level on the shaded north side of the
  building.
• -HVAC system turned off during many days of the
  spring and fall days, when the external
  temperatures are relatively moderate.
• This climate control has resulted in an energy
  consumption rating that is 50 less than the
  ASHRAE requirements of 600 Mj/m2/yr, for a
  building of its size.

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York -The lit oval area at the ceiling is one of
the exhaust columns that vents hot air and lets
natural light into the building.
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York Comp Science Building

• Additional Building Features
• Green Roof low maintenance natural vegetation
  irrigated with collected rainwater. Used as
  recreational area by faculty and students.
• Perimeter glazing on the windows allows heat
  control in warm temperatures. Manually operable
  windows.

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York Comp Science Building

• Additional Building Features Contd
• ? A large atrium space in the centre of the
  building brings light into the centre of the
  building and houses tropical plants which
  flourish all year.
• ? Acoustic sealing to minimize echoes and noise.
  (This is an issue for an open concept design with
  an atrium or large lecture halls)
• ? To promote alternate transportation, covered
  bicycle racks and shower rooms are provided.
• ? 50 fly ash concrete was used instead of
  standard concrete. York has subsequently decided
  that all future construction on campus will be
  done using 50 fly ash concrete.
• Architects Busby and Associates Architects and
  Van Nostrand di Castri Architects Engineers
  KEEN Engineering (Mechanical), Yolles
  (Structural), Carinci Burt Rogers (Electrical)

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York Comp Science Building-Green Roof
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York Comp Science Building-Atrium
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York Operational Problems

• Many unique mechanisms and features that require
  maintenance and extra attention.
• The buildings temperature varies greatly
  depending on what side of the building a reading
  is taken. The south side is very warm and the
  north side is very cold, because of the large
  amounts of glass.
• The basement was reportedly very musky when the
  building was first opened, however the moisture
  levels have since been reduced.

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LEED Accreditation

• United States the most prominent green
  building accreditation program is called the
  Leadership in Energy Environmental Design
  (LEED) rating system. This is system for
  defining and rating green buildings. A Canadian
  equivalent rating system (Canada 2000) is being
  produced at this time. It is expected to focus
  on the same major areas that the LEED rating
  system does.
• These areas are
• ? Sustainable Site Planning
• ? Safeguarding Water and Water Efficiency
• ? Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy
• ? Conservation of Materials and Resources
• ? Indoor Environmental Quality
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LEED Certification

• The United States Green Building Council (USGBC)
  uses the LEED checklist to rate a building.
  Depending on the total points achieved for
  solutions related to the above areas, a rating
  for the building is awarded as follows
• Certified 26-32 points
• Silver 33-38 points
• Gold 39-51 points
• Platinum 52-60 points
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• Benefits
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• The benefits of receiving a rating from such an
  organization are more positive publicity and it
  promotes a high quality of design. It also gives
  designers a method of comparing new designs to
  old designs in order to determine their success.