Poultry Improvement Contest

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Poultry Improvement Contest

• Fats, Minerals, and Vitamins

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Review

• Nutrition
• Six Essential Nutrients
• Water
• Fats
• Carbohydrates
• Proteins
• Minerals
• Vitamins

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Fats

• Fats also contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
  but in different ratios than carbohydrates.
• Fats contain about 2 1/4 times the energy value
  of carbohydrates

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Why Feed Fat?

• Aids in absorption of certain vitamins.
• Increases the palatability of the ration.
• Decreases dustiness and dryness of the ration.
• Increases the production energy of the ration.
• Found as a component in every cell in the body.

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• Fats are composed of fatty acids and glycerol.
• Fats are either saturated or unsaturated.
• They differ in chemical make up.

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Essential Fatty Acids

• Fatty acids are required by chickens
• Without them they grow poorly, and can get fatty
  livers.
• Large amounts of fishy or rancid flavors are
  undesirable to the chicken and will flavor the
  meat.

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Minerals

• Minerals are inorganic(not made from carbon).
• Exist primarily in the form of salts and ash.
• Essential for bone and eggshell formation and
  regulatory processes in the body.

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Essential Minerals

• Poultry require calcium, phosphorus, magnesium,
  manganese, sodium, potassium, iron, copper, zinc,
  sulfur, fluorine, chlorine, iodine, selenium, and
  molybdenum.
• Macrominerals such as calcium, phosphorus, and
  sodium are required in the largest amounts and
  must be included as additives in the ration.

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Calcium

• Required for
• Bone and eggshell formation.
• Blood clotting.
• Muscular actions.
• Lack of calcium
• Causes rickets which results in soft rubbery
  bones and thin shelled eggs.
• Limestone is provided to laying hens in the form
  of grade limestone and oyster or clam shells.

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Phosphorus

• Important mineral needed by the bone.
• Its need goes hand in hand with calcium.
• Sources include
• Dicalcium phosphate
• Bone meal
• Defluorinated rock

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Sodium and Potassium

• Essential in maintaining electrolyte balance in
  body.
• Poultry deficient in potassium have
• Reduced growth
• Increase in kidney and urinary problems
• Poultry deficient in sodium have
• Poor growth
• A nervous condition that may bring on cannibalism
• Poor utilization

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• Potassium usually is in the ration.
• Sodium is usually added in small amounts as
  common table salt.
• Magnesium
• Is important to the tissues and body fluids.

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Vitamins

• Complex organic structures essential in minute
  amounts for
• Growth
• Reproduction
• Overall health
• The purpose of vitamins is body regulation rather
  than development and structure.