Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas

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Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas
Introduction to the Session S. C.
Jardin Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory

• Workshop (W60) on Burning Plasma Physics and
  Simulation
• 4-5 July 2005, University Campus, Tarragona,
  Spain
• Under the Auspices of the IEA Large Tokamak
  Implementing Agreement

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Integrated Modeling for Burning Plasmas
- Session topics -

• Review progress towards a comprehensive
  theory/model for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO
• -including-
• ?-particle distributions in velocity and space
  and ?-heating
• Burning plasmas in optimized shear/hybrid
  scenarios, dynamic evolution and positional
  stability of ITBs, current profile alignment
  including bootstrap current evolution
• Transient and bifurcative phenomena in burning
  plasmas (dynamics of L-H transitions and
  edge-core coupling, ITB formation and evolution,
  thermal stability in optimized shear/hybrid
  scenarios, including the approach to burning
  conditions with additional heating)
• Impurity and helium ash accumulation (including
  impurity penetration through SOL, ETB and ITB)
• More speculative issues, such as ?-channelling

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Progress towards a comprehensive theory/model for
burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO

• Whole Device Modeling Codes
• Extended MHD and Energetic Particles
• Turbulence Simulations
• Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling
• RF, NBI, ?-particle, Impurities, and Fueling
  Sources

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What do we mean by a comprehensive theory/model
for burning plasmas in ITER/DEMO?
5D Gyrokinetics Code
1½D Whole Device Modeling Code
3D Extended MHD Code
Transport Module
Full Wave RF Code
MHD Module

?-particle Module
5D Gyrokinetics Code

Edge Module
3D Extended MHD Code
RF Modules
3D Extended MHD Code
Equilibrium Module

Full Wave RF Code
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• Whole Device Modeling Codes

• New initiatives now planned or underway
• Japan BPSI ( TASK, TOPICS )
• EU JET initiative (ASTRA, CRONOS, JETTO),
  Integrated Modeling Task Force
• US NTCC (modules library), PTRANSP (TSC/TRANSP
  ), FSP (not yet begun) (also BALDUR, ONETWO,
  CORSICA)
• Need for more sophisticated modules in most
  areas
• Turbulent Transport
• Extended MHD and energetic particle effects
• Scrape-off-layer, ELMs, and pedestal

• Integrated Modeling
• Detailed TSC/TRANSP transport and HCD modeling
  and comparison with existing experimental details
  Kessel
• Integrated TSC/TRANSP used to predict rotation,
  q-control, TAE activity, transport levels, NI-NBI
  sensitivity to aiming angle, ash accumulation,
  sensitivity to pedestal temperature postprocess
  TAE prediction, Turbulence modeling with GYRO
  Budny

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• Extended MHD and energetic Particles

• Need to further develop 3D Nonlinear Extended MHD
  codes and validate on existing experiments.
• Sawtooth Full 3D nonlinear sawtooth simulation
  now possible for small tokamaks, not yet for
  ITER. Good semi-analytical models available
  (Porcelli model)
• ELMs Some progress (BOUT-Snyder,
  JOREK-Huysmans, NIMROD-Brennan, M3D-Strauss) Not
  yet a full 3D ELM simulation for even small
  tokamaks. Good semi-analytical models being
  developed.
• NTMs Not yet a full 3D NTM simulation.
  Modified Rutherford equation (semi-analytical)
  models widely used.
• Resistive Wall Modes Not yet a full 3D
  nonlinear model.
• Locked Mode Threshold Not yet a fundamental
  model
• TAE 3D Hybrid particle/fluid simulation model
  possible for short times and weakly nonlinear
  behaviorfull nonlinear integration with thermal
  particles not yet possible.
• Disruption Modeling Axisymmetric modeling in
  fairly good shape, 3D modeling just beginning

• Integrated Modeling
• MHD-based ELM model (MARG2D) coupled into TOPICs
  system Ozeki

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• Turbulence Simulations

• Focus is presently on core turbulence ITG,
  ETG, ITG/ETG coupling, finite beta effects,
  transition from Bohm to gyro-Bohm, turbulence
  spreading
• need to develop long-time (transport timescale)
  predictive simulation capability
• turbulence and neoclassical simulation
  integration
• mechanisms for transport barrier formation
• pedestal region and core-edge simulation
  integration
• how to couple with whole-device-modeling codes
• impurities and helium ash transport

• Integrated Modeling
• Gyrokinetic Turbulence ? MHD , Wave Heating,
  Plasma Edge Lee

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• Edge-Plasma Integrated Modeling

• Full 3D predictive edge model is lacking
• Numerous edge codes exist to provide qualitative
  understanding and quantitative results for
  specific phenomena
• edge transport CSD, SONIC, UEDGE,
• kinetic edge turbulence PARASOL,
• collisional edge turbulence BOUT,
• Many issues remain
• L-H transition and pedestal physics
• nonlinear ELM crash, transport, and pedestal
  recovery
• density limit
• material erosion including redeposition and dust
  formation
• impurity transport

• Integrated Modeling
• Compatibility between impurity injection for a
  high edge radiation fraction and core fusion
  physics (confinement and fusion power)
  Takenaga
• Integration of core, edge, PSI codes
  neutrals, atomic physics, wall interaction,
  turbulence, transport, drifts, neoclassical
  effects Coster
• Static and dynamic (with ELMs) semi-emperical
  pedestal models coupled to core transport
  DIII-D, JET, and simulations for burning plasmas
  Kritz

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• RF, NBI, ?-particle, and fueling Sources

• Comprehensive suites of RF and neutral beam
  codes exist
• Integrated computations between full-wave ICRF
  and FP solvers are underway, but not yet in
  routine use
• Integrated modeling that combines advanced ICRF
  antenna modules with full-wave solvers are
  underway
• RF and NB source modules have been combined with
  WDM codes, but generally not the most advanced RF
  packages.
• RF/FP Codes need to be coupled to MHD codes in
  order to simulate instability control
• Modeling of Mode Conversion physics in ITER
  scale plasma not yet possible

• Integrated Modeling
• ICRH wave field ? distribution function ?, MHD
  Hellsten
• Interaction of ?-particles with LH by coupling
  SPOT and DELPHINE in CRONOS framework Schneider
• RF? ?-particles ?ion distribution function
  Fisch

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Schedule
1210 N. Fisch PPPL A Hot-ion-Mode RF-Driven Tokamak via Alpha Channeling
1230 H. Takenaga JAERI Impurity injection Scenario in a Burning Plasma
1250 T. Hellsten Stockh. Integrated modeling of ICRH and AE Dynamics
1310 W. Lee PPPL Integrated Gyrokinetic Particle Simulation of Fusion Plasmas
830 C. Kessel PPPL Integrated modeling of ITER and FIRE with TSC and TRANSP
850 D. Coster IPP Burning Plasma Simulations Edge Issues
910 Kritz Lehigh Prediction of H-mode pedestal and ELMs and the Performance of Burning Plasma Experiments
930 T. Ozeki JAERI Integrated simulation code for burning plasma analysis
950 M. Schneider CEA Integration of the SPOT code into CRONOS for Burning Plasma Studies
1010 R. Budny PPPL Time-Dependent integrated modeling of ITER plasmas
1030 all Discussion and Summary