Organisation of GANIL prospectives

1

• Forward Look Forum
• Dieter Ackermann, Emmanuel Balanzat, Bertram
  Blank (chair),
• Yorick Blumenfeld, Wilton Catford, Thomas Duguet,
  Francesca Gulminelli,
• Wolfram Korten, Gerda Neyens, Nigel Orr, Olivier
  Sorlin, Cristina Volpe
• Other contributors N. Alahari, D. Beaumel, M.
  Bender, R. Bougault,
• P. Butler, F. de Oliveira, M. Freer, H. Goutte,
  E. Khan, V. Lapoux, J. Margueron,
• M. Marques, F. Rejmund, C. Simenel, C. Trautmann,
  D. Vernhet
• will look across the range of beams and
  facilities
• and provide a perspective on future requirements,
  
• taking into account other facilities that will be
  available world-wide.
• Strategy
• physics topics of interest ? ? needs for GANIL
• comparison of different labs ? ? strength of
  GANIL

2

• Subjects covered
• Collective modes
• Nuclear shapes
• Pairing and alpha correlations in nuclei
• Nuclear structure far from stability
• Nuclear astrophysics
• Nuclear reactions
• Nuclear dynamics and thermodynamics
• Fundamental interactions
• Interdisciplinary research
• Physics case, key observables, sample
  experiment,
• GANIL equipment and needs, beams etc.
• For some selected cases comparison with other
  major facilities

3
Comparison of stable or radioactive beam
intensities

• fragmentation beams GANIL, GSI, MSU, RIKEN,
  FAIR
• beams between 20Ne and 238U
• low-energy stable beams GANIL, ANL, GSI, FLNR,
  JYFL, LNL, RIKEN
• beams between 18O or 48Ca and 238U
• accelerated ISOL beams SPIRAL,
  Louvain-la-Neuve, HRIBF, ISAC,
• REX-ISOLDE, LNS
• list of all beams accelerated to date

4
Title Systematics of K isomers and bandheads
of excited rotational bands Physics case
one-quasiparticle, two-quasiparticle, and
multi-quasiparticle K isomers in odd-A and
even-even nuclei, and the rotational structures
build on top of them, provide unique information
on the underlying shell structure and its
coupling to deformation and pairing degrees of
freedom that is complementary to the analysis of
purely collective states. Key observables
excitation energies, lifetimes, multipolarity of
g transitions, spectroscopic quadrupole moments,
magnetic moments, charge radii, transition
moments and moments of inertia in the rotational
bands. Sample experiment Z104, 106, 178Hf and
other hafnium isotopes, tungsten GANIL facility
Wien filter of LISE3, VAMOS gas-filled, EXOGAM2,
AGATA, S3 in the future 94Kr 164Dy -gt
258No at 5 MeV/A,
5
Other facilities a) GSI 54Cr is available,
50Ti is subject of source development and is
planned to be available with the UNILAC upgrade
both at intensities around and above 1 particle
?A. The separators TASCA and SHIP together with
the particle and ? detectors already in place and
to be upgraded are prepared for this type of
experiments. The radioactive 94Kr is not
available at low energies and for SHIP and
TASCA. b) JYFL 50Ti is available at moderate
intensities (100 particle nA). 54Cr should also
be feasible. The separator RITU together with the
particle and ? detectors already in place is
prepared for this type of experiments. At JYFL
radioactive beam species are not available. c)
ANL 50Ti is available at moderate intensities
(20 particle nA). The mass spectrometer FMA
together with the particle and ? detectors
already in place is prepared for this type of
experiments. At ANL radioactive beam species are
not available. d) HIE-ISOLDE For the study of
isomers in the Z72, N106 region ISOLDE can
prepare metastable beams selected using laser
ionisation. The rotational bands built upon the
isomeric state can then be Coulomb excited.
Similar studies have been carried out for isomers
in odd Cu nuclei using REX-ISOLDE. Comparison
Conclusions For the stable beam part GSI,
Jyväskylä and Argonne are competitive, with the
drawback of low beam intensities for JYFL and
ANL. For the radioactive 94Kr GANIL is unique.
Stable beam induced experiments of this type can
ideally be performed at the planned S3 separator.
However, to take profit of the intense
radioactive beams from SPIRAL1 and SPIRAL2, a
Zero-degree spectrometer is necessary. This could
either be the velocity filter of LISE3, VAMOS in
gas-filled mode or a new Zero-degree spectrometer.
6
Title Radiobiology and radiation
chemistry Scientific case Radiobiology studies
ion-induced modification of biological matter and
has strong relevance for heavy-ion tumor therapy.
Radiation chemistry aims at understanding water
radiolysis with special focus on the
heterogeneous chemical kinetics induced by high
LET particles in liquids. An important issue is
the comparison of experimental results with Monte
Carlo codes. Key observables Radiobiology
single and double strand breaks, base
modifications, cell survival, chromosome
aberrations Radiation chemistry time evolution
of radical and molecular species Typical
experiments In radiobiology biological matter
(e.g., plasmids, DNA, cells, tissues, animals)
are exposed to high LET beams with subsequent
off-line analysis e.g. of the RBE via survival
studies. In radiation chemistry, irradiation
experiments are performed with liquid targets
(water) using pulsed beams in combination with
on-line ns-resolved optical spectroscopy. GANIL
facility CSS2 Specific dosimetry (radiobiology)
and in combination with pulse suppressor
(radiation chemistry)
7
Facility comparison low-energy laboratories
gt GANIL compares reasonably well with most
other facilities
8
Facility comparison high-energy laboratories
gt GANIL is perfect for primary beam
intensities, except for heaviest beams
9
Production rates of exotic nuclei

• existing facilities

roughly OK
tough!!!
However production rates alone is not all
physics low-energy fragmentation intensities
will always be lower!
10
Facility comparison Accelerated RIBs
Variety of beams compared to REX-ISOLDE or HRIBF.
11

• Conclusions
• in many respects GANIL is state-of-the-art
  facility
• possibilities significantly enhanced with advent
  of LINAG and SPIRAL2
• GANIL has many state-of-the-art detectors
  EXOGAM, MUST, INDRA,
• TIARRA, MAYA
• new detectors like GASPARD, PARIS, FAZIA, ACTAR,
  AGATA will
• improve potential
• GANIL very well positioned in field of swift
  heavy ions
• very good place in nuclear materials and
  pulsed radiolysis
• However
• SPIRAL1 has to provide more beams (to go into
  LIRAT ? DESIR)
• solution for 0 separator LISE Wien Filter?
  VAMOS gas filled? New?
• fragmentation will keep niche due to GANIL
  energy, but in future
• intensity problems when compared with new and
  upcoming facilities
• spectrometer behind LISE should be considered
• higher beam intensities for the heaviest nuclei