BICYCLE FACILITIES

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BICYCLE FACILITIES

• DESIGN

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OUTLINE

• Design vehicle
• Design user
• Design parameters
• The design process
• Horizontal and vertical alignment

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THE DESIGN VEHICLE

• Road
• Off-road
• Hybrid
• Recumbent

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ROAD BIKES

• Traditional configuration
• Higher speed
• Range of riders
• On-street

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ROAD BIKES
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ROAD BIKES
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OFF-ROAD BIKES

• Mountain bikes
• Lower speed
• Not usually on trails

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OFF-ROAD BIKES
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HYBRIDS

• Road bikes but not exactly
• Upright riding position
• Lower speed
• Trails and streets

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HYBRIDS
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RECUMBENTS

• More comfortable seating
• 2 or 3 wheels
• Less visibility
• Wide range of users
• Mostly on paved trails

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RECUMBENTS
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RECUMBENTS
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DESIGN USERS

• A advanced user (expert)
• B basic user (recreational)
• C child (novice)

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TYPES OF FACILITIES

• Normal roadway cross-section
• Bike lane alongside highway
• Multi-use trail (bikes and pedestrians)

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TYPICAL SECTION 2-LANE ROAD
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TYPICAL SECTION SEPARATE PATH
Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities (AASHTO 1999)
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DESIGN SPEED

• Grade dependent
• Surface dependent
• Type of user dependent

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STOPPING SIGHT DISTANCE

• S V2/(30(fG)) 3.67V
• Where V is speed
• f is coefficient of friction 0.25
• G is grade in ft/ft.
• Use G (more conservative)

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CLEARANCE

• Minimum operating envelope
• Comfortable operating envelope
• Lateral depends on radius and SSD

Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities, AASHTO (1999)
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LEAN ANGLE

• Superelevation or not
• Speed
• Radius

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HORIZONTAL CURVES

• Speed
• Where R is the radius in feet, ? is the lean
  angle (15 20) and V is the design speed in
  mph.
• Superelevation max of 3
• Surface
• f varies with speed (0.31 _at_ 12 mph - 0.21 _at_ 30
  mph)
• 1/2 for unpaved

R 0.067V2/tan?
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HORIZONTAL CURVES
Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities (AASHTO 1999)
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HORIZONTAL CURVES
Greater lean angle Can use superelevation Need
more width
Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities (AASHTO 1999)
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VERTICAL CURVES
Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities (AASHTO 1999)
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GRADIENT

• Minimize large grades
• But, if needed, KISS
• If Unpaved max 3
• If paved

Source Guide for the Development of Bicycle
Facilities (AASHTO 1999)
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TRAFFIC CONTROL

• MUTCD
• Similar to roads

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TRAFFIC CONTROL

• Chapter 9
• Size f(facility)
• But generally smaller

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SURFACING

• Unpaved
• Limestone chips
• Other materials
• Paved
• HMA
• PCC

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DESIGN PROCESS

• Choose facility type
• Inventory existing conditions
• Demand
• Topography
• Roadway traffic
• Available right-of-way (old RR?)

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OTHER CONSIDERATIONS

• Users
• Car parking
• Directness
• Stops
• Conflicts with other modes
• Maintenance
• Other uses