MINERnA

1
MINERnA Introduction and Physics-driven Detector
Requirements
Jorge G. Morfín Fermilab Fermilab Directors
Review 10 January 2005
2
Directors Review PresentationsCurrent MINERnA
Status

1. Introduction and physics demands on the detector
   - JGM
2. Detector overview and performance - Kevin
   McFarland (Rochester)
3. Scintillator extrusion and fibers - Howard Budd
   (Rochester)
4. Scintillator packaging - Jeff Nelson (William and
   Mary)
5. Electronics and DAQ - Dave Casper (Irvine)
6. PMT box and PMT testing - Anthony Mann (Tufts)
7. Absorbers - nuclear targets, frame, veto and
   module production - Ron Ransome (Rutgers)
8. Infrastructure, installation and coil - Debbie
   Harris (Fermilab)
9. Fermilab impact - Jorge G. Morfin (Fermilab)
10. Cost, schedule and management - Kevin McFarland
    (Rochester)

3
Outline

• The MINERnA Experiment
• Overall Goal
• Collaboration
• Milestones
• PAC Evaluation
• Physics topics
• Topology
• Analysis
• Detector Requirements
• Summary Detector Requirements

4
A High-statistics Study of Low-energyn - Nucleus
InteractionsAn EPP and NP Collaborative Effort

• G. Blazey, M.A.C. Cummings, V. Rykalin
• Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois
• W.K. Brooks, A. Bruell, R. Ent, D. Gaskell,,
• W. Melnitchouk, S. Wood
• Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
• S. Boyd, D. Naples, V. Paolone
• University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
  Pennsylvania
• A. Bodek, R. Bradford, H. Budd, J. Chvojka,
• P. de Babaro, S. Manly, K. McFarland, J. Park,
  W. Sakumoto
• University of Rochester, Rochester, New York
• R. Gilman, C. Glasshausser, X. Jiang, G.
  Kumbartzki,
• K. McCormick, R. Ransome
• Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
• A. Chakravorty

• D. Drakoulakos, P. Stamoulis, G. Tzanakos, M.
  Zois
• University of Athens, Athens, Greece
• D. Casper, J. Dunmore, C. Regis, B. Ziemer
• University of California, Irvine, California
• E. Paschos
• University of Dortmund, Dortmund, Germany
• D. Boehnlein, D. A. Harris, M. Kostin, J.G.
  Morfin,
• A. Pla-Dalmau, P. Rubinov, P. Shanahan, P.
  Spentzouris
• Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia,
  Illinois
• M.E. Christy, W. Hinton, C.E .Keppel
• Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia
• R. Burnstein, O. Kamaev, N. Solomey
• Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago,
  Illinois

5
Milestones

• December 2002 - Two EOIs for neutrino scattering
  experiments using the NuMI beam and similar
  detector concepts presented to the PAC. PAC
  suggests uniting efforts and preparing
  proposal.
• December 2003 - MINERnA proposal presented to
  PAC. PAC requests more quantitative physics
  studies and details of MINERnAs impact on
  Fermilab.
• January 2004 -Submit proposal for MRI funding
  support (maximum 2M) of partial detector to NSF.
  Rejected due to no guarantee for funding rest of
  detector.
• March 2004 - MINERnA Impact Statement submitted
  to Directorate and presented to an Impact Review
  Committee.
• April 2004 - Proposal addendum containing
  additional physics studies and report from the
  Impact Review Committee presented to PAC.
  Receive Stage I approval.
• Summer 2004 - RD Program concentrating on
  front-end electronics, scintillator extrusions
  and a vertical slice test
• October 2004 - Proposal to NP and EPP of NSF to
  fund MINERnA.
• December 2004 - Proposal to NP and HEP of DOE to
  fund MINERnA.
• January 2005 - First Directors Review of MINERnA.

6
Neutrino Scattering Physics Brings Together the
Particle and Nuclear Physics Communities
Nuclear Physics - motivated by understanding of
physics related to the Jlab program (structure
of nucleon - form factors, PDFs) PAC Report
- Neutrino interactions are among the best ways
to understand the axial-current component of weak
interactions and MINERnA should be able to make
definitive measurements of the axial form factor
over a wide Q2 range. The MINERnA program
also includes studies of several exclusive
channels on a light target and the A dependence
of these channels. These studies could shed
new light on the transition from non-perturbative
to perturbative QCD and on the dynamics of hadron
production in nuclear matter. They are
complementary to the electroproduction
measurements now being made at JLab. Around 40
of the collaboration comes from the nuclear
physics community specifically to make these
measurements.
7
Neutrino Scattering Physics Brings Together the
Particle and Nuclear Physics Communities
Particle Physics - motivated by increased
understanding of physics relevant to neutrino
oscillation experiments, properties of the
neutrino and structure of nucleon PAC Report -
Through precision measurements of the major
low-energy neutrino scattering processes, MINERnA
can make major contributions to our understanding
of the details of neutrino interactions in the
1-18 GeV energy range. These detailed
measurements will help minimize systematic errors
from all neutrino oscillation experiments in the
few GeV energy range. Both Particle and Nuclear
Physics - APS Multidivisional Neutrino Study -
Their assumptions about the current and future
program include determination of the neutrino
reaction and production cross sections required
for a precise understanding of neutrino-oscillatio
n physics and the neutrino astronomy of
astrophysical and cosmological sources. Our broad
and exacting program of neutrino physics is built
upon precise knowledge of how neutrinos interact
with matter.
8
What are the Physics Measurements Needed to
Assist Neutrino Oscillation Experiments?

• nm disappearance (i.e. MINOS and K2K) needs
• Measurements of Nuclear effects in neutrinos
• Quasi-elastic and pion production cross-sections
• Neutrino energy calibration
• ne appearance (i.e. NOnA and T2K) needs
• Quasi-elastic and pion production cross-sections
  both for NC and CC events.
• High-y nm cross-sections at low En

9
Global Detector Requirements for Studies of
Interest to the NP and EPP Communities
n A/N/q gt n/m H Ability to measure cross
sections of exclusive states Ability to measure
nuclear effects Requires Ability to measure
neutrino scattering kinematics Measure Neutrino
Energy En Em n ( Eh - mN) Measure
4-momentum to nucleon Q2 4 En Em
sin2(qm/2) Combinations of En and Q2 xBj Q2
/ 2mNn and y n / En
10
Neutrino Scattering Topics

• Quasi-elastic
• Resonance Production - 1p
• Resonance Production - np and non-pert./perturbati
  ve transition
• Coherent Pion Production
• Strange and Charm Particle Production
• Deep-Inelastic Scattering and Structure Functions
  
• High-x parton distribution functions
• sT at low neutrino energy
• Generalized Parton Distributions
• Nuclear Effects

11
Quasi-elastic Scattering
Topology n n --gt m- p

• Simulated analysis carried out
• 1 or 2 tracks for Q2 lt 1 GeV2 and 2 tracks for
  Q2 gt 1 GeV2
• Detector requirement track separation
• 1 long non-interacting track consistent with muon
  
• Detector requirement particle ID
• Q2m - 2Mn / error lt 2.0 (xBj consistent with
  1.0)
• Detector requirement measurement of kinematic
  variables
• Minimal number of hits in event not associated
  with m or p
• Detector requirement p0 (g) conversion

12
Quasi-elastic ProductionKinematics in the NuMI
beam
Rscint 50 cm
13
MINER?A CC Quasi-Elastic Measurements
Pm to 10, Pp (stop) to 5, Pp (interact) to
35 / E
Average eff. 74 and purity 77
Expected MiniBooNe And K2K measurements
14
Coherent Pion Production

• Simulated analysis carried out
• 2 visible tracks-muon (non-interacting) pion
  (interacting)
• Detector requirement track separation, particle
  ID, photon conversion
• Less than 500 MeV energy from neutrals in CC
  production
• Detector requirement photon conversion
• Measured xBj lt 0.2 and measured t (q pp)2 lt
  0.2 GeV2
• Detector requirement measurement of kinematic
  variables

15
Coherent Pion ProductionKinematics in the NuMI
beam
muon - dashed pion - solid
Rscint 1.2 m
16
MINERnA Coherent Pion Production
Rein-Seghal
Paschos- Kartavtsev
MINERnAs nuclear targets allow the first
measurement of the A-dependence of scoh across a
wide A range
MINERnA
Expected MiniBooNE and K2K measurements
17
Exclusive Strange Particle Production
Existing Strange Particle Production Gargamelle-PS
- 15 L events. FNAL - 100 events ZGS - 31
events BNL - 8 events Larger NOMAD
inclusive sample expected

• n n --gt m- K L0
• Require the V0 two track decay (L ? p p- and
  K0S ? p p-)
• Detector requirement vertex resolution
• Detector requirement effective mass
  resolution
• Prompt K decay yields a twin-peak signature in
  time profile of the event
• Detector requirement timing resolution
• ltgbtKgt for this channel in NuMI Beam 10
  ns
• Require discrimination of p from p from m
• Detector requirement charged particle ID
• Detector requirement p0 ID and reconstruction

MINERnA Exclusive States 100x earlier samples 3
tons and 4 years DS 0 m- K L0 10.5 K m- p0
K L0 9.5 K m- p K0 L0 6.5 K m- K- K
p 5.0 K m- K0 K p0 p 1.5 K DS 1 m-
K p 16.0 K m- K0 p 2.5 K m- p K0n 2.0
K DS 0 - Neutral Current n K L0 3.5 K n K0
L0 1.0 K n K0 L0 3.0 K
18
DIS Structure Functions and Parton Distribution
Functions

• Measure structure functions Fi (xBj, Q2) at high
  xBj
• Measurements at high xBj requires accurate
  measurement of y
• Detector requirement measurement of kinematic
  variables
• Detector requirement measurement of muon
  momentum
• Detector requirement calorimetric hadron energy
  resolution

19
Measuring Nuclear Effects
Plastic Scintillator Planes

• Measure Neutrino interactions off several nuclei
• Detector requirement vertex resolution
• Measure visible hadron energy and multiplicities
  as well as rates off several nuclei
• Detector requirement hadron energy resolution
• Detector requirement track separation
• Detector requirement measurement of kinematic
  variables

Fe target
Pb target
C target
20
Summary - Detector Requirements

• Ability to resolve vertices
• Ability to separate multiple tracks in the final
  state
• Ability to identify charged particles (ideally -
  e / m / p / K / p)
• Ability to identify and reconstruct p0 (g)
• Ability to accurately measure kinematic variables
• Individual particle momentum and angles
• Calorimetric hadron energy measurement
• Ability to resolve intra-event timing