World War II: The Good War

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World War II The Good War

• April 23, 2007
• History 203

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Assignment on Scopes Trial Paper

• Instructions for the Scopes Trial paper are at
  http//www.uoregon.edu/dapope/203scopes.htm.
• The paper is due at class time on Monday, April
  30.

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Some Websites on the U.S. and World War II

• Giant World War II Time Line
• Hyperwaranother huge WW2 website
• PBS Website on Conscientious Objectors to the
  Good War
• Exhibits on Japanese-American internment
• Children of the Camps, PBS website
• A comprehensive website on internment
• Photo exhibit
• Detailed, illustrated history of Manzanar camp

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FDRs Road to Intervention

• Munich 1938England and France accept German
  demand to annex part of Czechoslovakia. Policy
  is called AppeasementBritish Prime Minister
  Chamberlain says agreement will bring peace in
  our time.

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FDRs Road to Intervention

• Shifting Public Opinion
• War Fears and Anti-Nazi Sentiment
• Joe Louis KOs Max Schmeling, 1938. FDR says,
  "Joe, we need muscles like yours to beat Germany"
• The War of the World broadcast 1938 (hear a
  clip from this)
• America Firstanti interventionists organize

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War in Europe, Tensions with Japan, 1939-41
Nazi soldiers march through Warsaw, 1939
British Kids eat vegetables from U.S.
lend-lease aid FDR and Winston Churchill
confer, 1941.
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FDRs Road to Intervention

• In the 1940 Presidential campaign, Roosevelt
  campaigned by promising, Your boys are not going
  to be sent into any foreign wars. But
• Preparing for conflict
• U. S. Re-armament
• Destroyer-bases deal
• Lend-lease
• Selective Service (passed in Congress by only one
  vote, July 1940)

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Toward Pearl Harbor

• Japans turn towards war
• Americas racial and economic fears
• Diplomatic maneuvering
• Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941

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Deaths in World War II

• The Allies
• France 563,000
• Great Britain 357,000
• Poland 5,800,000
• U.S.S.R. 18,000,000
• U.S.A. 298,000
• Note Estimates on both sides are not precise and
  sources differ

• The Axis
• Germany 4,200,000
• Italy 395,000
• Japan 1,972,000

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The Home Front

• Roosevelt From Dr. New Deal to Dr.
  Win-the-War
• How well did the United States do in preserving
  and promoting in our own country the ideals we
  were fighting for in the world?

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Japanese Internment

• Japanese-Americans on the West Coast
• Fear of attack
• Executive Order 9066, Feb. 1942
• Manzanar Relocation Camp in photo

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Internment Camps USA
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Images of Internment
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Images of Internment
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Images of Internment

• Dust Storm at Manzanar Internment Camp

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Images of Internment

• Minidoka Camp

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Life in the Internment Camps

• Isolation and separation
• Showing loyaltyJapanese-American volunteers
• The no-no boys
• Gradual release, property loss and dislocation
• Epilogue The movement for redress and the Civil
  Liberties Act of 1988

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Total War and the Economy
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Why We Fight Morale and Propaganda on the Home
Front
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Images of the Enemy
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A War Economy

• War as Depression Cure?
• Growth of Big Government
• Government spending and taxing
• A Military-Industrial Complex
• A Changing Labor Force
• Fair Employment Practices CommissionRacial
  discrimination banned on Federal contracts
• Women workers Rosie the Riveter and others

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Statistics on the War Economy

• FEDERAL BUDGET AND WORLD WAR II
•                 Revenue                           
                           Expenditure
• 1939             6.6 billion                    
                               9.4 billion
• 1945                50.2 billion                  
                                  95.2 billion
•  
• UNEMPLOYMENT
• 1940        14.1
• 1944          1.2
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• NATIONAL DEBT AS PERCENT OF TOTAL OUTPUT
• 1940        43
• 1945       123
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• PROPORTION OF WOMEN  IN PAID LABOR FORCE
• 1940        19.4
• 1945        36.3