Abraham Lincoln

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Abraham Lincoln

• Presiding over
• The House Divided

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Lincoln Hamlin
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Political Cartoons
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(No Transcript)
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(No Transcript)
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Republican Wide Awakes Mass political rallies
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Outcome of 1860 election
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Secession!
Im a Fire-eater.
R.B. Rhett
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Jefferson Davis Confederacy President

• We ask no conquest, no aggrandizement
• Constitution based on Articles of Confederation
• Protection of slavery
• No internal improvement funds

• All we ask is to be let alone

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April, 1861- Union Surrender Ft. Sumter
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The pragmatic Mr. Lincoln
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Lincoln on popularity

• "If I were to try to read, much less answer, all
  the attacks made on me, this shop might as well
  be closed for any other business. I do the very
  best I know how - the very best I can and I mean
  to keep doing so until the end. If the end brings
  me out all right, what's said against me won't
  amount to anything. If the end brings me out
  wrong, ten angels swearing I was right would make
  no difference."

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Making War

• Aggressive military response to the south as
  opposed to economic sanctions and blockade

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Keeping the Upper South

• Military occupation Maryland
• West Virginia separates
• Missouri, Kentucky, Delaware

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Authoritarian

• Suspended writ of habeas corpus
• Imprisoned Confederate sympathizers
• Military occupation of upper south
• Sent troops to put down the draft rioters

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Big National Government

• Raise tariffs
• National banking system
• Internal improvements (transcontinental RR)
• Homestead Act of 1862- 160 acres of public land
  in the west to heads of families (improve it for
  5 years)

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Socialist?

• A few men own capital, and with that avoid labor
  themselves, and, with their capital, hire or buy
  another few to labor for them.
• Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital.
  Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could
  never have existed if labor had not first
  existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and
  deserves much the higher consideration.

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Passive abolitionist

• "Those who deny freedom to others, deserve it not
  for themselves and, under a just God, can not
  long retain it."

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Emancipation Proclamation

• "That on the first day of January, in the year of
  our Lord one thousand eight hundred and
  sixty-three, all persons held as slaves within
  any State or designated part of a State, the
  people whereof shall then be in rebellion against
  the United States, shall be then, thenceforward,
  and forever free

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E.P. frees slaves in rebellious states
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Frederick Douglass
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Blacks in the Union Army
54th Regiment Massachusetts
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Women of the War
Dorothea Dix
Clara Barton
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Prisoners

• Dix-Hill Cartel prisoner exchange (equal rank)
  no need of prison camps
• Confederates refuse to trade Black prisoners
  (treated as runaway slaves)
• Within a year, prisoner exchange breaks down and
  prisoner of war camps are built.

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Southern Prisons - Andersonville
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Belle Isle
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Castle Thunder (for spies, traitors)
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Northern prisons Rock Island
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Fort Delaware
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Ft. Jefferson (Key West)
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Total War
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William Tecumseh Sherman Total War
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Paying for the War

• North
• Increasing tariffs, direct taxes on business
  corps., inheritance, income
• Treasury Bond sales
• National Banking acts forced state banks to
  purchase T-Bonds

• South
• Lacked powerful central govt.
• Taxed urban middle-class/nonslaveholding farmers
• Borrowing
• Unbacked paper money

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Election of 1864
George McClellan, Peace Democrats
Lincoln, National Union Party
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Lincoln vs. McClellan