WATER

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WATER SEWER DEPARTMENT Government Academy
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Responsibilities of the Water and Sewer Department
Water and Sewer Administration Responsible for
procedures, programs and planning as well as the
management and supervision of the Departments
operation.
Customer Service Responsible for all aspects of
meter reading and maintenance, bill generation
and accounts receivable for the Water and Sewer
Department.
Water Treatment Manage water resources including
seven reservoirs and ten wells that can safely
provide up to 9.8 million gallons of water per
day. Treats and distributes drinking water to the
customers taps in Manchester and portions of
Glastonbury, South Windsor and Vernon.
Laboratory The State certified laboratory is
responsible for the daily testing of water and
wastewater samples to insure compliance with
State and Federal water quality standards.
Field Maintenance Responsible for the
maintenance of both water and wastewater delivery
and collection systems, including water and sewer
mains, hydrants, and storage tanks.
Wastewater Treatment Responsible for the
operation and management of the Wastewater
Treatment Plant. The Plant removes solids
through a biological process and disinfects the
wastewater before returning the effluent to the
environment.
Transmission and Distribution Responsible for
maintenance and repair of the water distribution
systems.
Construction Performs main replacements to
eliminate old or undersized water or sewer mains
in the system.
Sewer Line Maintenance Maintains and repairs the
sanitary sewer lines and manholes and responds to
sewer emergencies.
Source of Supply Manages 4000 acres of watershed
land and maintains all of our facilities.
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WATER SEWER DEPARTMENT

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  VISION
• To be considered by our customers and colleagues
  as effective, progressive and a leader in the
  utility industry.
• MISSION STATEMENT
• The mission of the Water and Sewer Department is
  to provide the highest possible water quality and
  customer service at the lowest possible cost,
  while continuing our commitment to improving the
  infrastructure and our communitys environment.
• GUIDING PRINCIPLE
• To continually improve water quality and value to
  our customers while protecting our natural
  resources through prudent financial planning,
  investment in our infrastructure, efficient
  management and technical proficiency.

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MANCHESTER SEWER DEPARTMENT Hockanum River
Wastewater Treatment Plant

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP
Overview

• Design capacity of 8.25 MGD
• Peaking factor of 19.2 MGD
• Actual flow is 6.2 MGD
• Wastewater strength is commonly measured in
  Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Total Suspended
  Solids (TSS)
• Plant is designed to remove up to 98 of these
  pollutants
• Origin of Flows
• Wastewater entering plant is termed influent
• Hop Brook Interceptor 40 of Total Flow
• North Manchester Interceptor 60 of Total Flow
• We also accept nominal flow from neighboring towns

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Preliminary Treatment Process
• Hop Brook Aerated Grit Chamber and Comminutor
• Allows silt, sand, and heavy inorganic solids to
  settle out
• Removes debris (rags, sticks, towels, etc.)
• The raw wastewater flows by gravity into the
  Primary Clarifiers
• North Manchester Interceptor Pretreatment
  Building
• Consists of Auger Monster/Bar Rack, Grit removal
  system, and aerated grit channels
• The function of the units is to remove silt,
  grit, heavy inorganic solids and debris
• The raw wastewater is pumped to the Primary
  Clarifiers

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Primary Clarification
• This is accomplished in large vessels known as
  primary settling tanks or clarifiers. They
  contain mechanisms that concentrate and collect
  the accumulated sludge and skimmings
• Primary clarification is accomplished by
  providing a relatively large, quiescent area so
  heavier organic solids can to settle to the
  bottom to form raw (or primary) sludge and so
  that floatables such as grease and scum can
  float to the surface for skimming. Both materials
  will be subject to further processing
• Our facility has two primary clarifiers with a
  combined volume of 1,300,000 gallons
• This process removes approximately 50 of the BOD
  TSS in the wastewater
• The wastewater leaving the primary clarifiers is
  called Primary Effluent

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Aeration Process
• This process consists of 4 basins with each
  basin having 4 cells equipped with mechanical
  aerators. The combined volume of these basins are
  2,240,000 gallons.
• The purpose is to supply an environment where
  naturally occurring microorganisms (bacteria) can
  be cultured to digest the impurities in the
  wastewater
• We supply air so the bacteria will live and use
  the organic material in the primary effluent as
  their food source. The bacteria reproduce,
  multiply, and attach themselves to food
  particles. This creates floc particles and
  collectively is called Mixed Liquor Suspended
  Solids (MLSS)
• The main components of wastewater are carbon,
  nitrogen, and phosphorus. The plant will remove
  99 of the carbon and was designed to remove one
  component of nitrogen, Ammonia. New state laws
  require us to remove a larger percentage of
  nitrogen. We are currently experimenting with a
  process call denitrification, which is a process
  that breaks down Nitrate into Nitrogen gas. Both
  are harmless when released into the environment.
  Future upgrades will address Phosphorus removal
• Wastewater leaving these basins is called
  Aeration Tank Effluent or Secondary Influent

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Aeration Process - Photos

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP
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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Secondary Clarification
• Consists of four (4) secondary settling tanks,
  (also know as clarifiers) which are large basins
  that accept the aeration tank effluent
• We have a total of four clarifiers two 80in
  diameter and two 90in diameter
• We normally only utilize the 90 clarifiers
• The combined tank volume is 1,237,300 gallons
• The purpose is to allow the bacteria and
  biosolids (MLSS) to settle. A portion of this
  material is returned back to the beginning of the
  aeration tanks to help seed the process. This is
  called return sludge. Additional MLSS is
  created through the biological activity of the
  microorganisms and must be disposed of this
  excess is called waste sludge and is sent to
  the Primary Clarifiers in order to be resettled
  with the raw sludge be pumped to the Anaerobic
  Digesters for further processing at the Biosolids
  Facility
• This process can remove up to 98 of the
  wastewater BOD/TSS

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Manchester Sewer Department Hockanum River WWTP

• Secondary Clarification - Photos

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP
Disinfection Process

• A recently installed Ultra Violet (UV) Light
  process recently replaced a chlorination system
  for the purpose of disinfection (kill pathogens)
• It is a physical method of disinfection rather
  than a chemical process
• The main reason for this conversion was for
  worker/public safety as well as being safer for
  the environment
• Disinfection of the wastewater occurs as it flows
  through a narrow channel and passes by a series
  of UV bulbs encased in quartz sleeves
• Disinfection occurs because the UV light breaks
  down the cell walls of the harmful pathogens thus
  prevents replication or cell death
• The disinfected wastewater leaving the UV Channel
  is called effluent

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP
Reaeration Tank

• The purpose of this process is to add oxygen back
  into the wastewater that was consumed in the
  treatment process
• This is accomplished passively, by a series of
  cascading steps in the channel that creates
  turbulence and puts the wastewater in contact
  with air from the atomsphere
• It can be supplemented with mechanical aeration
  if required
• The oxygen is added to protect fish and other
  aquatic life and to put less of a demand on the
  receiving waters
• The waterwater leaving this process is known as
  final effluent

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Outfall
• The outfall is a 30 pipeline which transports
  the final effluent from the plant to the Hockanum
  River.

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Primary Anaerobic Digester
• Raw and co-settled Waste Sludge from the primary
  clarifiers are regularly pumped into the digester
• The purpose of the digester is to further reduce
  the amount of organic material called biosolids
  (or sludge) which was removed from the wastewater
• This is accomplished anaerobically (without
  oxygen) with a group of microorganisms that use
  the sludge as food and breakdown the biosolids to
  produce Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen Sulfide, and
  Methane
• The digested sludge is then pumped to the
  secondary digester
• The volume of this tank is 1,160,000 gallons

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Secondary Anaerobic Digester
• The purpose of this digester is further breakdown
  the biosolids, settle and thicken the biosolids
  and store methane
• The settled biosolids are then sent to the
  dewatering building to mechanically press water
  out of the sludge prior to final disposal at the
  landfill

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Dewatering Process
• The purpose of the belt presses are to separate
  the water from the biosolids by squeezing water
  out of the sludge so there is less volume to
  dispose of
• This is accomplished by first thickening the
  sludge using an organic coagulant, then
  distributing it between porous belts that will
  allow water to pass through but not solids
• The finished product in approximately 14 solids
  (still 86 water!)
• The sludge is then trucked to the landfill for
  disposal

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Manchester Sewer DepartmentHockanum River WWTP

• Cogeneration Complex
• We utilize methane from the digestion process to
  produce power using an engine generator. We
  primarily burn the methane produced during
  Anaerobic Digestion to produce enough electricity
  to operate the Anaerobic Digesters and the
  Dewatering Building. The engine generator also
  produces heat. The heat is captured and used to
  help heat the biosolids in the digesters. We
  also sell the excess electricity back to
  Connecticut Light Power.

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WATER DEPARTMENT GLOBE HOLLOW WATER TREATMENT
PLANT
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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Raw Water

• 7 Reservoirs
• Water flows by gravity or is pumped to Globe
  Hollow which is the terminal reservoir
• Howard (I-384), Porter, Risley, Lydall 1, Lydall
  2, Buckingham and Globe Hollow
• Well 1 and Well 2A are groundwater supplies that
  pump directly into Globe Hollow Reservoir to
  augment supply during the summer

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Water Department Globe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Raw Water - continued

• Treatment plant produces between 3.0 and 4.5
  million gallons of portable water per day (mgd)
  but it is designed for an average of 6.0 mgd and
  has a maximum output of 10 mgd
• We have eight (8) supply wells that are directly
  pumped into the distribution system
• All of the wells have some form of treatment
  capability from chemical addition to air
  stripping
• The production from the wells range from 300 to
  600 gallons a minute, a typical residential well
  produces five (5) gallons a minute
• The wells range in depth of 50 feet deep to 600
  feet deep
• The amount of groundwater consumed by the
  residents ranges from 30 of the total water
  consumed in the winter time to about 65 water
  consumed in the summer time. The remainder of
  the water consumed is the surface water from the
  Globe Hollow Water Treatment Plant

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Coagulation

• Particles in water that add color and turbidity
  (cloudiness) are too small to filter. Particles
  need to be made larger
• Water and its constituents are negative in charge
• Process of chemical addition electrically
  stabilizes the water and creates the large size
  particles called FLOC. Polyaluminum Chloride
  (PACL) is used
• Addition of Polyaluminum Chloride (PACL) high in
  positive charge is used like a magnet to form
  floc particles
• Streaming current monitor is used to optimize
  performance, it measures the electrical current
  or stability of water

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Flocculation

• Process of slowly mixing the raw water and
  coagulants (PACL) to increase the number of
  collisions of particles so they stick together to
  form larger floc particles. This takes about 20
  and 25 minutes after chemical addition

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Sedimentation

• Floc particles are laden with impurities and
  particulate matter
• Sedimentation basins give time needed for the
  floc particles to settle prior to filtration
• Settled floc is vacuumed and sent to the sanitary
  sewer using floating siphons
• Clear water overflows out to filters

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Filtration

• 2 Filters divided into 96 individual cells
• Water flows from top to bottom through media that
  is 9 inches anthracite coal on top of 7 inches
  of sand
• As the filter gets dirty water does not pass as
  easily through it (headloss)
• As headloss increases a need to clean the filter
  occurs
• Each filter is washed once per day. It takes
  about 1.5 hours to wash entire filter
• Traveling bridge washes individual cells one at a
  time using previously filtered water

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Disinfection

• Disinfection is the destruction of disease
  causing organisms called pathogens
• Chlorine is the chemical used
• Ozone is being piloted to further enhance the
  disinfection process

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Effluent Pumps

• Filtered water is stored in clearwell underneath
  the plant
• Clearwell holds 550,000 gallons of water
• The height of water in the distribution system
  storage tanks determines when the treatment plant
  starts and stops
• The Buckland Hills Tank is our pump control tank,
  when full the plant shuts down and when the level
  reaches a pre-selected level the plant will start

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Chemical Feeds

• Chemicals added to the water leaving the plant
  are
• Hydrofluosilicic Acid (Fluoride) is used for
  tooth decay prevention
• Chlorine for disinfection
• Zinc orthophosphate used to diminish the amount
  of lead and copper in the water by placing a thin
  film on pipe wall effectively eliminating the
  contact of water with the pipe
• Lime for pH adjustment (pH control aids the above
  chemicals to react properly and efficiently and
  to prevent the scaling and/or corrosion of
  piping)

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant
Water Distribution System

• 340 miles of water main ranging in size from 3
  inch to 36 inch
• Of which approximately 67 miles were identified
  to be in need of replacement or cleaning and
  lining in our Hydraulic and Water Quality Report
  of January 2002
• Since then, 11 miles of pipe have been
  rehabilitated
• The remaining 56 miles slated for rehabilitation
  which will be done through a series of projects
  of approximately 1 to 2 miles each year
• 1,954 fire hydrants
• Ten storage tanks with a combined capacity of 7
  million the tanks are painted inside and out
  every fifteen years and inspected every five years

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Water DepartmentGlobe Hollow Water Treatment
Plant

• Water Distribution System

Main Replacement Storage Tanks