History of the Constitution Unit

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History of the Constitution Unit
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After The Revolution

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GovernmentStates More Power
Than The Federal GovernmentContinental
Congress Ruling Body for the Country

• Articles of Confederation
• Powers
• Declare War, Raise Army Navy, Make Treaties,
  Borrow Money, Establish Postal System, Conduct
  Business With Native Americans and Other
  Countries (Foreign Relations)
• Weaknesses
• No Authority Over Individual Citizens
• Very Little Control Over State Governments
• No Way to Carry Out Written Laws (Made the
  States Enforce)
• No Provision for a Court System
• Only One Vote Per State
• Unable to Tax or Collect Money
• No Requirement for States to Send to Congress

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Western Territories

• The Land Ordinance of 1785
• How to settle the Northwest Territory
• Townships 6 miles square
• Northwest Ordinance of 1787
• How to govern the Northwest Territories
• One Governor, Three Judges
• 5000 adult white males territorial legislature
• Population 60,000 write a constitution apply
  for Statehood
• Northwest Territory
• Ohio, 1803
• Indiana, 1816
• Illinois, 1818
• Michigan, 1837
• Wisconsin, 1848

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Financial Crisis

• Trade Between the States
• No Federal Regulation
• Economic Depression
• money isnt worth what it used to be
• Continental Dollar
• Shays Rebellion
• Trivia Gold today is a little less than 300 an
  ounce

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Shays Rebellion

• 1787
• Daniel Shays
• Former Continental Army Captain
• Led Massachusetts Farmers in Attacking and
  Closing the Courts (No open court, cant put in
  jail for not being able to pay taxes)
• REBELLION
• 1000 Angry, Disgruntled Farmers
• March Against Springfield Arsenal
• Massachusetts Militia

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The Constitutional Convention
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History of English Government
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Feudalism

• feudalism   (fyood'l-iz'?m) n. 
• A political and economic system of
  Europe from the 9th to about the 15th century,
  based on the holding of all land in fief or fee
  and the resulting relation of lord to vassal and
  characterized by homage, legal and military
  service of tenants, and forfeiture.
• A political, economic, or social order
  resembling this medieval system.
• SAY WHAT???

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King

• Top of the Totem Pole, Has All The Land

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BARONS

• Pledges Loyalty to the King and Provides the King
  with Money and Knights
• In Return, the King Grants the Barons Land

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Knights

• Have Some Land Provide Barons with Protection
  and Military Service

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Villeins (Peasants)

• May or may not have some land Provide Knights
  with Food and Services upon demand

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Magna Carta, 1215

• King John
• Nobles Only Obey the King As Long As He Protected
  Their Rights
• King Bound by His Own Laws
• Limited the Immense Power of the King
• Victory for Nobles, Did Little for the Peasants

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Parliament

• 1258
• Body of Government Representing the People
• House of Lords
• House of Commons (Commoners who held land)

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English Bill of Rights

• 1689
• Gave Parliament the Balance of Power
• Further Limited the Power of the King

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Influences on Creating A New Government
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ROME

• Republican Government
• Citizens Have Power to Govern
• Citizens Give Power to Elected Leaders
• Elected Representatives Responsible for Promoting
  the Common Welfare

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Iroquois Constitution (Gavanashagowa)

• Iroquois League (Confederation)
• United Iroquois Nations, 1570
• Each Nation governed their own affairs but joined
  together for defense

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Montesquieu

• French Philosopher
• The Spirit of Laws, 1748
• Separate Powers of Government
• Different Branches With Specific Powers
• Checks and Balances

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John Locke

• Two Treatises on Government, 1690
• Government Should Protect Peoples Natural Rights
  (life, liberty, property)
• Kings Should Not Have Absolute Power

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Delegates

• activity

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Plans and Compromises

• WORKSHEET
• The Virginia Plan
• The New Jersey Plan
• The Great Compromise
• Three-Fifths Compromise

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The Virginia Plan

• Strong National Government
• 3 Branches
• Executive
• Legislative
• Judicial
• 2 House Legislature
• Representatives Based on Population

Large States Plan
James Madison
Edmund Randolph
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The New Jersey Plan
Small States Plan

• 3 Branches of Government
• Unicameral Legislature (one house)
• Equal Representation Between the States

William Paterson
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The Great Compromise

• Congress Consists of Two Houses
• Senate
• Chosen by State Legislatures Equal
  Representation Two from each State
• House of Representatives
• Elected by the People Representation based on
  Population

Roger Sherman
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The Three-Fifths Compromise

• Slavery Issue
• SOUTH Count Slaves as Part of Population for
  Representation
• NORTH Slaves are not seen as people but as
  property
• COMPROMISE 3/5 of the Slave Population Counts
  toward total Population for Representation
• Congress would not address Slave Trade for 20
  years

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The New Government
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Executive Branch
The President of the United States
George W. Bush
Vice-President Dick Cheney

• Presidents Cabinet

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Legislative Branch

• House of Representatives
• Based on Population (435)
• Senate
• 2 from each state. Initially elected by the
  State Legislatures now directly elected by the
  people

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Judicial Branch

• Supreme Court
• 9 Justices (originally 7)
• District Courts
• Circuit Courts

New Roberts, Alito
Retired
Deceased
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The Constitution

• The Articles
• Checks and Balances
• The Amendments
• Bill of Rights
• Additional Amendments
• Responsibilities As A Citizen
• Current and Continuing Issues

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Creditswww.google.comwww.yahoo.comwww.wikipedi
a.orgwww.intriguing.com/mp/holygrail.aspLibrary
of Congress www.loc.govgeorge mason college
websitewww.archives.govhttp//www.earlyamerica.c
om/earlyamerica/maps/northwest/northwest.jpghttp
//www.oc.edu/staff/phil.heffington/ShaysRebellion.
jpghttp//www.uwm.edu/Course/448-192-001/wood.jpg