Screen Printing Terminology

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Screen Printing Terminology

• By Coach M.

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Artwork

• All original copy, including type, photos and
  illustrations, intended for printing. Also called
  art.

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Bitmap

• An image represented by an array of picture
  elements, each of which is encoded as one or more
  binary digits.

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Black Light

• Trade name for a fluorescent tube. It produces
  light emission rich in ultra-violet radiation,
  used to expose photstencil emulsions.

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Bleed

• Printing that extends to the edge of a sheet or
  page after trimming.

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Block Out

• A thin paste that is spread over the cured
  emulsion to fill any pin holes or other
  imperfections in the emulsion, that may leak ink
  onto the substrate.

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Butt register

• Register where ink colors meet precisely without
  overlapping or allowing space between, as
  compared to lap register.

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Camera-ready

• Photographs and artwork fully prepared for
  reproduction according to the technical
  requirements of the printing process being used.

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CMYK

• Abbreviation for cyan, magenta, yellow and key
  (black), the four process colors.

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Color separation

• The product resulting from color separating and
  subsequent four-color process printing.

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Composition

• the arrangement of type, graphics and other
  elements on the page.

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Contrast

• The degree of tones in an image ranging from
  highlight to shadow.

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Crop

• To opaque, mask, mark, cut, or trim an
  illustration or other reproduction to fit a
  designated area.

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Crop marks

• Lines near the edges of an image indicating
  portions to be reproduced. Also called cut marks
  and tic marks.

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Cure

• To dry inks or other coatings after printing to
  ensure good adhesion.

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Direct Emulsion

• Emulsion that is applied to the screen after
  being sensitized.

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Dots-per-inch- (DPI)

• Measure of resolution of input devices such as
  scanners, display devices such as monitors, and
  output devices.

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Durometer

• Instrument used to measure the hardness of the
  squeegee blade.

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Emulsion

• Casting of light-sensitive chemicals on papers,
  films, printing plates and stencils.

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Exposure

• To expose light sensitive photo emulsion to
  ultraviolet light.

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Flood stoke

• spread a thick coat of ink over the screen,
  pushing through on the second run only.

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Four-color process printing

• Technique of printing that uses black, magenta,
  cyan and yellow to simulate full-color images.
  Also called color process printing.

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Graphic design

• Arrangement of type and visual elements, when
  combined, convey a visual message.

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Halftone

• To photograph or scan a continuous tone image to
  convert the image into halftone dots.

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Headline

• The title at the top of a layout. Gives the
  reader a clue to what the ad contains. Draws the
  reader in.

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Illustration

• Represents anything from a photo to a drawing.

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Jaggies

• Edges of artwork such as text having a choppy,
  saw tooth appearance. Resulting from using bitmap
  created artwork rather than vector created
  artwork. Highly undesirable.

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JPEG

• The JPEG file format is a compressed format, with
  some loss of quality during compression. A
  popular web format due to the generally small
  size of pictures. File formats of .jpg, .jpeg,
  and .jpe.

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Layout

• A sample of the original providing (showing)
  position of printed work (direction,
  instructions) needed and desired.

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Line art

• Any artwork or type in which there are no gray
  tones all image areas are either black or white.
  Shading may be accomplished by such techniques as
  stippling or cross-hatching.

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Logo (Logotype)

• A company, partnership or corporate creation
  (design) that denotes a unique entity. A possible
  combination of letters and art work to create a
  "sole" entity symbol.

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Mesh count

• Represents the number of threads per inch. The
  lower the count the bigger the mesh openings.

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Moiré

• Undesirable pattern resulting when halftones and
  screen tints are made with improperly aligned
  screens, or when a pattern in a photo, such as a
  plaid, interfaces with a halftone dot pattern.

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Off contact

• When the screen is not actually touching the
  t-shirt

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Opacity

• Characteristic of paper or other substrate that
  prevents printing on one side from showing
  through the other side. OpaqueNot transparent.

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Pin Hole

• A hole left in the exposed emulsion, that would
  leak ink through to the fabric. It can be found
  after washing out the stencil or during the
  printing process

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Platen

• The board that a t-shirt is printed on. Also
  called a shirt board.

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Positive Film

• Film that prevents light from passing through
  images, as compared to negative film that allows
  light to pass through.

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Printing

• Any process that transfers to paper or another
  substrate an image from an original such as a
  film negative or positive, electronic memory,
  stencil, die or plate.

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Proof

• Test sheet made to reveal errors or flaws,
  predict results on press and record how a
  printing job is intended to appear when finished.

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Reclaimer

• The liquid used to remove a emulsion stencil from
  the screen.

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Register

• Fitting of two or more printed images, usually in
  different colors, in precise alignment with each
  other.

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Register Marks

• Cross-hair lines on mechanicals and film.

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Resolution

• The density of dots or pixels on a page or
  display usually measured in dots per inch. The
  higher the resolution, the smoother the
  appearance of text or graphics.

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Right Reading

• Copy that reads correctly in the language in
  which it is written. Also describes a photo whose
  orientation looks like the original scene, as
  compared to a flopped image.

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Rough Layout

• a rough version of the layout.

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Run

• One pull of the squeegee across the screen.

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Screen

• A wood or metal frame with mesh. Multifilament
  uses several small stands of fiber. Monofilament
  is one strand.

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Screen Printing

• Method of printing by using a squeegee to force
  ink through an assembly of mesh fabric and a
  stencil.

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Scoop Coater

• A trough that holds emulsion, and is used to
  spread a uniform thickness of emulsion over the
  mesh.

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Spot color

• The method of applying color to a printed project
  that uses specially mixed inks to depict the
  color.

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Stencil

• This consists of a frame onto which a mesh is
  attached under tension. The mesh is coated or
  covered with a photosensitive material. The image
  to be printed is created photographically on the
  stencil leaving open areas of mesh through which
  ink passes. The stencil is also known as The
  screen.

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Squeegee

• A flexible polyurethane blade (sometimes rubber)
  held in a rigid mount or handle.

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Sub head

• The line of text that follows the headline.
  Designed to maintain the readers attention.

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Substrate

• Any surface or material on which printing is
  done.

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Thumbnails

• Initial ideas jotted on virtually anything in
  regard to initial concept of a future project.

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Vellum paper

• Translucent paper used for making screen printing
  positive.

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Wash out

• To remove the unexposed photo emulsion after
  exposure.

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