SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY

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SOCIAL CONTROL THEORY
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Why are you NOT delinquent?

• According to Control Theorists, people do not
  engage in delinquency because of the controls or
  restraints placed on them.

I know the difference from right and wrong.
My family would be very disappointed.
I have many plans for the future and delinquency
may hinder or destroy my future.
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COMPARISON TO SOCIAL LEARNING THEORY

• Social Learning looks at what causes and what
  prevents delinquency
• Social control looks at how different types of
  sanctions prevents delinquency
• Delinquency is largely a function of differences
  in the level of control (According to Control
  theorists)

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MAJOR TYPES OF CONTROLBy Agnew

• DIRECT CONTROL
• STAKE IN CONFORMITY
• INTERNAL CONTROL

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DIRECT CONTROL

• Setting rules
• Monitoring the juveniles behavior
• Sanctioning the juvenile for rule violations and
  delinquency
• Reinforcing the juvenile for conventional
  behavior

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STAKE IN CONFORMITY

• Emotional attachment to conventional others
• Actual or anticipated investment in conventional
  activities

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INTERNAL CONTROL

• Beliefs regarding delinquency
• Ability to exercise self-control

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Article Parental and Peer Influences on the Risk
of Adolescent Drug Use

• Purpose Adolescent relationships with parents
  and peers correlation with drug use.
• Variables Attachment to father
• Attachment to mother
• Parental monitoring

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• Results
• Attachment to Mother
• Cigarette use, Marijuana use, Illicit drug use
• Attachment to Father
• Alcohol use, Binge drinking, cigarette use
• Parental Monitoring Alcohol use, Binge
  drinking, cigarette use, Marijuana use, Illicit
  drug use

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• Data was more consistent with Social Learning
  Theory than Social Control
• Parental Monitoring was found to be the most
  important social control variable (of 3 tested)
• Negative association between parental monitoring
  and having friend who used drugs

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HIRSCHISOCIAL BOND THEORY

• ATTACHMENT
• COMMITMENT
• INVOLVEMENT
• BELIEF

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ATTACHMENT

• To violate a norm is to act contrary to the
  wishes expectations of others. If one does not
  care about the wishes of others he is not bond to
  the norms and there is no attachment and is more
  likely to be deviant.
• Ex. A divorced man is more likely to commit
  deviant acts (suicide or forgery). He lost his
  attachment and conscience when divorced, and
  studies show more deviant acts are likely to take
  place.
• Theorists suggest attachment to any object
  outside self, for example home, religion or
  family pets promotes moral behavior.

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COMMITMENT

• If a person invests time, energy, himself in a
  certain line of activity (education, business,
  athletics) then they must think of the risk of
  losing what they committed to. A deviant act is
  less likely to occur because of this fear of
  losing it. Committed to conformity
• One also must be aware of not only the risk of
  what they will lose but also what they hope to
  obtain.

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INVOLVEMENT

• People are to busy doing conventional things to
  find time to engage in deviant behavior. They
  have to many obligations such as appointments,
  deadlines, work hours and so on. Involvement in
  conventional activities is a major deterrent to
  delinquency. Deviant acts are much more likely
  to happen when a juvenile is not supplied or
  offered the opportunity to satisfy their
  recreational interest. (facilities, money etc.)

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BELIEF

• Many do not have an attitude of respect towards
  the rules of society. No moral obligation, so
  their beliefs and values are constant with
  feelings. The less a person believes in the rules
  of society, the greater chance a person will
  violate them.

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QUESTION

• Who or what is more important for control of
  delinquency, father or mother, family or school?

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