LAGOMORPHS

1
LAGOMORPHS AND RODENTS
2
(No Transcript)
3
Molecular phylogeny of placentals
From Springer et al. 2005. Molecular evidence
for major placental clades Chap. 4, The Rise of
Placental Mammals.
4
GLIRES
EUARCHONTOGLIRES
5
Superorder Euarchontoglires (part) Glires
42
6
LATE CRETACEUS BASAL EUTHERIANS (Asia
North America)
Kennalestes
Cimolestes Zalmbdalestes
_______
4 1 4 3 3 1 4 3
46
7
ORDER ANAGALIDA
8
(No Transcript)
9
Glirodont (gnawing) dentition
Lagomorpha Rodentia
10
LAGOMORPHA
11
26 species
12
(No Transcript)
13
11 genera 54 species
14
LAGOMORPHA
RODENTIA
15
(No Transcript)
16
RODENT JAW MUSCULATURE
Protogomorph
Sciuromorph (Ischyrotomus)
(Sciurus)

Myomorph
(Sigmodon)
Hystricomorph
(Erethizon)
17
(No Transcript)
18
RODENT PHYLOGENY
19
ORDER RODENTIA -- Ischyromyidae
(Palaeocene - Eocene, North America)
20
(No Transcript)
21
about 270 species
22
(No Transcript)
23
(No Transcript)
24
RODENTIA Anomaluridae 3 genera, 7 species
Central Africa
1 0 1 3 ------------ 20 1 0 1 3
Anomalurus
Idiurus Zenkerella
25
RODENTIA Myoxidae ( Gliridae) 8 genera, 26
species Eurasia Africa
Myoxus
Eliomys
1 0 0-1 3 -------------- 16-20 1 0 0-1
3
Muscardinus
26
1 genus 2 species
Eurasia N. Amer.
27
Extinct castorids
Castoroides Pleistocene giant beaver
Devils corkscrew Trace fossil of
Paleocastor Pliocene burrowing beaver
28
RODENTIA Ctenodactylidae
4 genera North 5 species
Africa
1 0 1-2 3 --------------- 20 - 24 1 0
1-2 3
Ctenodactylus
Massoutierra
29
(No Transcript)
30
(No Transcript)
31
15 genera, 51 species
32
Muridae -- subfamilies Arvicolinae voles
(Holarctic) Callomyscinae -- Cricetinae --
hamsters Cricetomyinae -- Dendromurinae --
Gerbillinae -- gerbils Lophiomyinae -- Murinae
Old World rats Myospalacinae -- Mystromyinae
-- Nesomyinae -- Otomyinae -- Petromyscinae --
Platycanthomyinae Rhizomyinae
Sigmodontinae New World rats Spalacinae --
1350 species
33
ORDER RODENTIA Family Muridae Subfamily
Arvicolinae 26 genera, 146 species Northern
Eurasia, North America
Ondatra Microtus
Lemmiscus Lemmus

Dicrostonyx
34
ORDER RODENTIA Family Muridae Subfamily
Gerbilinae 14 genera, 110 species Asia, Africa
Gerbillus
Meriones Tatera
Rhombomys
35
ORDER RODENTIA Family Muridae Subfamily
Sigmodontinae 79 genera, 423 species North and
South America
Sigmodon
Peromyscus
Neotoma Akodon
Phyllotis
36
Muridae subfamily Murinae Old World rats
mice ca. 600 species
37
ORDER RODENTIA Family Muridae Subfamily
Murinae 122 genera, 529 species Eurasia,
Africa, Australia
Mus Rattus Apod
emus
Rhabdomys Rhynchomys
38
RODENT JAW MUSCULATURE
Protogomorph
Sciuromorph (Ischyrotomus)
(Sciurus)

Myomorph
(Sigmodon)
Hystricomorph
(Erethizon)
39
(No Transcript)
40
Suborder Hystricognathi -- distribution
41
Old World Hystricomorphs
Bathyergidae Hystricidae Laonastidae Petromuridae
Thryonomyidae
New World Hystricomorphs
Abrocomidae Agoutidae Capromyidae Caviidae Chinchi
llidae Ctenomyidae Dasyproctidae Dinomyidae Echimy
idae Erethizontidae Hydrochaeridae Myocastoridae O
ctodontidae
42
Hystricognath phylogeny
Houchon Douzery 2001
ASIA AFRICA
AFRICA
AMERICAS
43
Hystricognath historical biogeography
44
RODENTIA Laonastes Discovered in 1999 Described
in 2005
45
RODENTIA Diatomidae Early Oligocene Late
Miocene, Asia
46
Laonastes basal hystricognath?
From Jenkins et al. 2005. Systematics and
Biodiverity 2419-454
47
Africa Asia 3 genera 11 species
RODENTIA Hystricidae
Hystrix
Trichys
Atherurus
48
5 genera, 12 species
Africa
Bathyurgus
Cryptomys
Georychus
49
North Central America 4 genera 12 species
RODENTIA Erethizontidae
Coendou Sphiggurus
50
(No Transcript)
51
RODENTIA Ctenomyidae
1 genus, 38 species South America
52
SUBTERRANEAN RODENTS
53
Convergence of subterranean rodents
Bathyergidae Rhizomyinae
Spalacinae (Africa)
(Asia) (Asia)

Muridae
Ctenomyidae (S. America)
Geomyidae (N. America)
54
DESERT RODENTS
55
Convergence of desert rodents
Kangaroo rat (Dipodomys) Heteromyidae
North America
Jerboa (Jaculus) Dipodidae
North Africa, Middle East
Jird (Meriones) Muridae
Middle East, central Asia
Springhaas (Pedetes) Pedetidae
South Africa
56
AQUATIC RODENTS
57
Convergence of aquatic rodents
Castoridae Muridae (Sigmodontinae) Mu
ridae (Arvicolinae) Myocastoridae
58
ARBOREAL RODENTS
59
Convergence of arboreal rodents
Sciuridae
Anomaluridae
Myoxidae
Echimyidae
Erethizontidae