English Civil War

1
English Civil War

• Causes, Events, Effects

2
Causes

• James I conflict with Puritans
• Charles I opposed the Puritans
• Charles I dissolved Parliament
• The King forced loans from landowners
• The King used martial law
• The King lodged troops in private homes
• The King was forced to sign Petition of Right,
  but ignores it
• Scotland invades England (the king needs money
  calls Parliament)
• The King dissolves Parliament (2nd time)
• Persecution of Puritans (Great Migration results)

3
Events

• Charles uses force to arrest five (5) leaders in
  Parliament
• Cavaliers (Kings horsemen) Roundheads
  (Parliament/Puritan troops) fight for four years
• Parliament wins war under leadership of Oliver
  Cromwell
• Charles surrenders in 1647, is tried and executed
  in 1649
• Rump Parliament is established
• Cromwell suppresses Levellers, rules under
  military law, names himself Lord Protector

4
Oliver Cromwell
5
Effects

• Puritans flee to North America because of
  persecution by Charles I
• Parliament restores monarchy
• Charles II takes over
• Representative government is established
• Individual rights survive
• English monarchy does not have absolute power
• Church of England is made the state religion
• Constitutional Monarchy is established
• Political parties Bill of Rights develop
• Glorious Revolution William and Mary invited to
  rule England