GHSGT REVIEW

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GHSGT REVIEW

• Math Section

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Numbers and Computation
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NOTE Put the calculator DOWN when you see
problems containing the words
ESTIMATE APPROXIMATE ABOUT
If you use a calculator on these problems, you
will get the wrong answer!!!
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Ex. Estimate the total distance traveled if
John drove 15 miles Monday, 11 miles Tuesday, 19
miles Wednesday, 13 miles Thursday, and 26 miles
Friday. A. 84 mi. C. 90 mi. B. 70 mi. D.
80 mi.
If you add using the calculator, the total is 84,
but A is the wrong answer!
Estimate means to round the numbers first and
then add 2010201030 90
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More Estimation Tips
About the thickness of a dime
1 millimeter 1 centimeter 1 meter 1 gram 1
kilogram 1 mile 70 F.
About the width of your pinkie
About the length of your leg
About the weight of 2 paper clips
About 2.5 pounds
About 2 kilometers
About room temperature/ ?20 C.
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Data Analysis
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MEAN is an average. To calculate, add and
divide by the number of addends.
RANGE is the difference between the largest
number and the smallest number in a set of data.
MEDIAN is the middle number in the set of data.
Remember to arrange data in order first!
MODE is the value that occurs the most in the
set of data.
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The probability of an event occurring is the
number of favorable outcomes over the total
number of outcomes.
Ex. In a bag, there are 8 blue marbles, 3 red
marbles, 6 green marbles, and 1 white marble.
What is the probability of John reaching into the
bag and retrieving a green marble?
Solution there are 6 green marbles out of 18
total marbles, so the probability of John getting
a green marble is 1 out of 3.
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Percents are best represented with a CIRCLE
GRAPH. ( or pie graph)
Change over time is best represented by a LINE
GRAPH .
With PICTOGRAPHS, pay close attention to how many
items each symbol represents.
100 meals served
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Geometry
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AREA amount of space inside a figure always
measured in SQUARE UNITS problems involve
painting a wall, carpeting a room, or seeding a
field.
VOLUME capacity of a three dimensional figure
always measured in CUBIC UNITS problems involve
filling a gas tank, amount of milk a container
will hold, etc.
water
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PERIMETER the distance around the outside of
something measured in linear units (ft., in.,
cm., etc.) problems involve fencing a yard,
putting a border around a room, etc.
To find the perimeter of a figure, ADD ALL THE
OUTSIDE EDGES!!!
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Types of polygons
Triangle 3 sides Quadrilateral 4
sides Pentagon 5 sides Hexagon 6
sides Octagon 8 sides Decagon 10
sides Dodecagon 12 sides
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REMEMBER The sum of the angles in a polygon is
equal to (n-2)180, where n is the number of sides
in the polygon.
REMEMBER When dealing with ratios, the units
MUST MATCH!!
Ex. the ratio of 8 days to 3 weeks should be
rewritten as 8 days to 21 days so that theyre
both measured in days!
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Remember Supplementary angles add to 180.
Complementary angles add to 90. Acute
angles measure less than 90 Obtuse angles
measure more than 90.
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2
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Formulas you must know Volume of a box V
lwh Volume of a cube V s3
w
l
s
Simple Interest I Prt ()(yr) Distance
D rt
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Algebra
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Order of Operations Parentheses FIRST then
Exponents Multiply and Divide from LEFT TO
RIGHT!! and finally, Add and Subtract from LEFT
TO RIGHT!!!
Translations Look for key words to indicate
which operation to use.
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Addition sum increased by total more than
Subtraction difference decreased by reduced
by less than subtracted from minus deducted
Multiply product times multiplied by of
Division quotient divided by ratio of
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Best Buy change to a unit rate in other words,
use a proportion to determine how much ONE item
costs, and then multiply to compare prices.
Ex Eight apples cost 2.40. How much does 12
apples cost?
Divide 2.40 by 8 to find that 1 apple costs
.30. Then multiply .30 by 12 to find that 12
apples cost 3.60.