U'S' Hemispheric Hegemony

1
U.S. Hemispheric Hegemony The Cold War The
U.S. and Latin America II III

• The Venezuela Boundary Dispute
• The Spanish-American War
• The Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy
• The Cold War
• The Cuban Missile Crisis
• Pinochet and Nixon

2
The Venezuela Boundary Dispute

• England, Venezuela, Gold, and the Monroe Doctrine
• The Olney Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
• The right of the United States to exclude
  extrahemispheric powers
• The right of the United States to hemispheric
  hegemony
• its U.S. infinite resources combined with its
  isolated position render it master of the
  situation in the Americas and practically
  invulnerable as against any or all powers.
• today the United States is practically sovereign
  on this continent, and its fiat is law upon the
  subjects to which it confines its interposition.
• Britain concedes the validity of the Monroe
  Doctrine

3
The United States in the Caribbean (map)
4
The Spanish American War

• Cuban independence movements
• Yellow Journalism
• The Maine
• A Splendid Little War
• Puerto Rico and Cuba The Platt Amendment

5
The Big Stick and Dollar Diplomacy

• The Panama Canal
• 10M 250,000/yr.
• The Roosevelt Corollary
• Taft and Dollar Diplomacy
• Wilson Missionary Diplomacy
• Poor Mexico! So far from God, so close to the
  United States! Porfirio Díaz
• The Mexican Revolution
• The Good Neighbor Policy

6
The Cold War

• Organization of American States (OAS) Apr. 30,
  1948
• Arbenz and the United Fruit Company
• Jacobo Arbenz (195154) accepted the support of
  local communists
• Attacked holdings of the United Fruit Company as
  part of an ambitious though ultimately abortive
  land reform
• United States assists Guatemalan
  counter-revolutionaries and neighbouring Central
  American rulers in overthrowing Arbenz using the
  CIA
• Foreshadows use of destabilization against
  Allende and in Nicaragua, El Salvador

7
The U.S. in Latin America (map)
8
The Cold War (cont.)

• The Cuban Missile Crisis
• U-2 reveals Soviet Missiles in Cuba
• U.S. imposes naval blockade
• Krushchev blinks
• Removal of Soviet missiles from Cuba
• U.S. missiles from Turkey
• Pledge not to invade Cuba,
• The Hot Line

9
The Cold War (cont.)

• Pinochet and Nixon 1970-73
• Salvador Allende nationalizes U.S. owned mining
  companies
• Revolution with the taste of wine and
  empanadas
• U.S. Response
• restrict Chile's access to international economic
  assistance and discourage private investment
• increased aid to the Chilean military
• cultivated secret contacts with anti-Allende
  police and military officials
• undertook various other destabilizing measures,
  including funneling millions of dollars in covert
  payments to Chilean opposition groups in 197073
• Allende overthrown by Augusto Pinochet Sept. 1973