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IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming

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Title: IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming


1
IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming
Prof.Dr. Srisakdi Charmonman President of the
Computer Association of Thailand under the Royal
Patronage of HM the King
charm_at_ksc.au.edu
www.charm.au.edu
Keynote Address , Fujitsu Family Club Conference
on Green IT Policy Innovation Intercontinental
Bangkok Hotel, Bangkok, Thailand. November 13,
2008
2
IT for Energy Conservation and Global Warming
  • Introduction
  • Green IT Revolution
  • Green IT at IT Companies
  • Green Data Center
  • Green Telework
  • Concluding Remarks

2
3
  • Introduction.
  • Many developed and developing countries have
    taken part in Green IT as a solution to the
    problems of - High oil price - Global warming

3
4
Introduction (Cont.)
  • From Wikipedia, the oil price in the U.S.
    increased from US 16 in January 1999 to US 145
    in July 2008. Although it was reduced to about
    US 60 in November 2008, it is still much
    higher than US 16 in 1999.

4
5
Introduction (Cont.)
5
6
Introduction (Cont.)
  • From Wikipedia, Global warming is the increase
    in the average measured temperature of the
    Earth's near-surface air and oceans since the
    mid-20th century, and its projected
    continuation.

6
7
Introduction (Cont.)
  • Global surface temperature increased 0.74
    0.18 C (1.33 0.32 F) during the 100 years.

7
8
Introduction (Cont.)
  • From Wikipedia, Green computing is the study
    and practice of using computing resources
    efficiently.

8
9
Introduction (Cont.)
  • Green IT provides IT system design solutions that
    minimize materials used, reduce waste, and
    improve energy efficiency.
  • A Green IT initiative must be systemic in
    nature, and address increasingly sophisticated
    problems.

9
10
Introduction (Cont.)
  • Solution may comprise items such as - End user
    satisfaction- Management restructuring-
    Regulatory compliance- Disposal of electronic
    waste

10
11
Introduction (Cont.)
  • Telecommuting
  • Virtualization of server resources
  • Energy use
  • Thin client solutions
  • Return on investment (ROI)

11
12
Introduction (Cont.)
  • The goals of Green IT are to- Reduce the use of
    hazardous materials - Maximize energy
    efficiency during the products lifetime-
    Promote recyclability or biodegradability of
    defunct products and factory waste.

12
13
2. Green IT Revolution.
  • 2.1 Timeline of Green IT.
  • 2.2 Benefits of Green IT.
  • 2.3 Twelve Questions around Green IT.

13
14
2.1 Timeline of Green IT.
  • In 1992, the U.S. Environmental Protection
    Agency launched Energy Star.

14
15
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
15
16
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • Energy Star is a voluntary labeling program which
    is designed to promote and recognize
    energy-efficiency in monitors, climate control
    equipment, and other technologies.
  • This resulted in the widespread adoption of
    sleep mode among consumer electronics.

16
17
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • The term green computing was probably coined
    shortly after the Energy Star program began.
  • There are several USENET posts dating back to
    1992 which use the term in this manner.

17
18
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • Concurrently, the Swedish organization TCO
    (Tjänstemännens Central Organization) launched
    the TCO Certification program to include
    criteria on energy consumption, ergonomics, and
    the use of hazardous materials.

18
19
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • Many governmental agencies have continued to
    implement standards and regulations that
    encourage green computing.

19
20
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • The Energy Star program was revised in October
    2006 to include stricter efficiency requirements
    for computer equipment, along with a tiered
    ranking system for approved products.

20
21
Timeline of Green IT (Cont.)
  • U.S. States have established state-wide recycling
    programs for obsolete computers and consumer
    electronics equipment.

21
22
2.2 Benefits of Green IT.
  • Reduce travel time and cost.
  • Help customer reduce environment burden.
  • Save money for buying computer component.
  • Inspire employees.

22
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1) Reduce travel time and cost.
  • Gartner Dataquest estimates that 25 of US
    employees worked from home, at least once a week
    in 2007, European levels seems to be
    comparatively higher.

23
24
Reduce travel time and cost (Cont.)
  • Another study estimates that 33 million
    Americans are employed in roles suitable for
    telecommuting removing these commuters from
    daily travels could drive down oil imports by
    25 and reduce carbon emissions.

24
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2) Help customer reduce environment burden.
  • There is a New Green Policy Innovation project
    from Fujitsu
  • This project aims to achieve a cumulative
    reduction of more than 7 million tons of CO2 from
    fiscal 2007 through fiscal 2010.

25
26
Reduce environment burden (Cont.)
  • The Fujitsu project will reduce the environment
    burden of IT infrastructure through and entire
    data centers that utilize such technology.

26
27
Reduce environment burden (Cont.)
  • In addition, the Fujitsu project will reduce
    customers environment burden through the
    introduction of new IT applications, including
    outsourcing and consulting services.

27
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3) Save money for buying computer component.
  • Green IT will save a lot of money because using
    PC power management can cut energy costs by
    20-60 per PC.
  • For many organization, this can mean a 5-15
    reduction in overall, organization-wide energy
    consumption.

28
29
4) Inspire employees.
  • Employees feel a deep sense of pride working in
    organization that do their part for the
    environment.

29
30
Inspire employees (Cont.)
  • When employees know their computers are using
    less than half the power they used to, with no
    impact on productivity, they will know they
    personally are helping to reduce the companys
    carbon footprint.

30
31
2.3 Twelve Questions around IT.
  • From www.cio.com.au/index.php/id1236180095,
    There are 12 questions and answers around green
    IT for CIOs to get with green.

31
32
12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 1. What is sustainable IT?
  • Sustainable, or green, IT is a catch-all term
    used to describe the manufacture, management,
    use and disposal of information technology in a
    way that minimizes damage to the environment.
  • As a result, the term has many different
    meanings, depending on whether you are a
    manufacturer, manager or user of technology.

32
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 2. What is sustainable IT manufacturing?
  • Sustainable IT manufacturing refers to methods
    of producing products in a way that does not
    harm the environment.
  • It encompasses everything from reducing the
    amount of harmful chemicals used in products
    (such as lead and mercury) to making them more
    energy efficient and packaging them with
    recycled materials.

33
34
12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 3. What is sustainable IT management and use?
  • Sustainable IT management and use has to do with
    the way a company manages its IT assets. It
    includes purchasing energy-efficient desktops,
    notebooks, servers and other IT equipment, as
    well as managing the power consumption of that
    equipment.
  • It also refers to the environmentally safe
    disposal of that equipment, through recycling or
    donation at the end of its lifecycle.

34
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 4. What is sustainable IT disposal?
  • Sustainable IT disposal refers to the safe
    disposal of IT assets. It ensures that old
    computer equipment does not end up in a
    landfill, where the toxic substances it contains
    can leach into groundwater, among other
    problems.
  • Many of the major hardware manufacturers offer
    take-back programs, so IT departments don't have
    to take responsibility for disposal.

35
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 5. What is the goal of sustainable IT?
  • The goal behind most green initiatives, including
    green IT, is to promote environmental
    sustainability.
  • In 1987, the World Commission on Environment and
    Development defined sustainability as an
    approach to economic development that meets the
    needs of the present without compromising the
    ability of future generations to meet their own
    needs.

36
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 6. What does it have to do with me?
  • No one seriously disputes that global warming is
    due to human activity. IT is an energy hog.
    Gartner estimates that power consumption by
    computers accounts for 2 percent of global
    carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions.
  • That's roughly equal to the carbon output of the
    airline industry.

37
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 7. Can it help my company?
  • There are some steps IT departments can take
    toward becoming green that don't cost a lot. You
    can start by reminding your IT staff to turn off
    their PCs or shut off the lights before leaving
    for the day and championing such behavior
    companywide.

38
39
Can it help my company? (Cont.)
  • Meanwhile, there are many IT investments you
    probably want to make anyway that will also
    reduce your impact on the environment.
    Virtualization technologies, server
    consolidation, PC power management and
    deployment of more efficient equipment when you
    do a refresh can reduce energy consumption while
    simultaneously improving IT operations.

39
40
Can it help my company? (Cont.)
  • There's some evidence that more people seek to
    do business with companies that offer green
    services and products, or that have a proven
    track record in corporate social responsibility.

40
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 8. How can I cut my energy bills?
  • There are two ways that IT managers can help to
    reduce their companies energy consumption -
    run data centers more efficiently - manage
    desktops more efficiently

41
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 9. How can I make my data center more efficient?
  • The first step for CIOs who want to cut data
    center energy costs is to get to know their data
    centers in detail.
  • IT generally is unaware of how much energy it
    consumes running servers and air conditioners.

42
43
12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 10. How can I reduce my electricity consumption
    on the desktop?
  • CIOs can use the Electronic Product Environmental
    Assessment Tool (EPEAT) developed by the Zero
    Waste Alliance to evaluate your purchases.
  • In the year 2008, six organizations, which were
    recognized for their use of EPEAT, saved a total
    of over 5 million buying greener equipment.

43
44
12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 11. How do I recycle IT equipment?
  • There are a different ways to get rid of IT
    equipment without throwing it in the dumpster.
  • Many manufacturers offer take-back programs
    through which they assume responsibility for
    proper disposal.

44
45
How do I recycle IT equipment (Cont.)
  • Some companies that offer take-back services also
    offer data security services to insure that
    intellectual property and confidential
    information is removed from the hardware but the
    major companies involved in e-waste recovery.

45
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12 questions around green IT (Cont.)
  • 11. How can IT make my operations greener?
  • IT can help almost any part of the business
    lessen its environmental impact. For example,
    technologists can help reduce the amount of
    paper employees use for printing or deploy
    tracking systems to measure plant emissions.

46
47
How can IT make my office greener (Cont.)
  • IT systems can also help save energy by
    controlling heat and air conditioning in office
    buildings.

47
48
3. Green IT at IT Companies.
  • 3.1 The Top 12 Green-IT Vendors.
  • 3.2 The Top 12 Green-IT Users.

48
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3.1 The Top 12 Green-It Vendors.
  • IBM
  • British Telecom
  • Qualcomm
  • Aplicor
  • Fujitsu
  • Microsoft

49
50
The Top 12 Green-It Vendors (Cont.)
  • Hewlett-Packard
  • Network Appliance
  • Other World Computing
  • Verizon Wireless
  • Computer Sciences
  • Sun Microsystems

50
51
1) IBM
  • From www-03.ibm.com, IBM was named one of the
    Top Green IT companies in IDGs Computerworld
    for 2008.

51
52
IBM (Cont.)
  • IBM has taken serious look at how IBM impact the
    environment and how IBM can address those
    challenges with good business sense, through
    IBMs Project Big Green initiative and a
    company-wide focus on energy efficient
    technology and services.

52
53
IBM (Cont.)
  • IBMs Project Big Green is a 1 billion
    initiative to dramatically reduce energy use by
    company and IBMs clients.

53
54
IBM (Cont.)
  • IBM initiative included new energy efficient IBM
    products and services and a five step approach
    to energy efficiency in the data center that will
    sharply reduce data center energy consumption and
    transform clients technology infrastructure
    into green data centers and provide energy
    savings of up to 42 percent for an average data
    center.

54
55
IBM (Cont.)
  • IBM initiative also includes a new global green
    team of more than 850 energy efficiency
    architects from across IBM.

55
56
2) British Telecom
  • From www.btplc.com,British Telecom was named
    one of the Top Green IT companies in IDGs
    Computerworld for 2008.

56
57
British Telecom (Cont.)
  • BT supply chain has been placed in the top
    quartile of the 2008 Supply Chain Monitor Global
    Survey on Green Supply Chains which was
    conducted by BearingPoint Management and
    Technology Consultants.

57
58
British Telecom (Cont.)
  • BT has launched a new rang of energy efficient
    telephones and confirmed that more than 90
    percent of its entire home phone range will be
    more energy efficient by July 2008, at no extra
    cost to the consumer.

58
59
British Telecom (Cont.)
  • BTs environmental credentials have been given a
    boost, with renewal of its corporate
    certification against the international
    environmental management system (EMS) standard
    ISO14001 for another 3 years.

59
60
British Telecom (Cont.)
  • The corporate accreditation covers the UK,
    Ireland and Belgium.
  • Standalone accreditation has also been awarded
    to BT's operations in Italy and Spain.

60
61
British Telecom (Cont.)
  • BT has entered the Chatsworth list of FTSE 100
    green companies for the first time.
  • The green survey polled 1,500 journalists,
    sustainability experts and political groups.

61
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3) Qualcomm
  • From www.earth2tech.com,Qualcomm saves
    millions with Green IT.
  • In 2004 it began construction of a new corporate
    building and attached a data center to the
    corporate offices.

62
63
Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • The building contains a cogeneration plant that
    takes the waste heat delivered by all servers in
    the data center and uses it to partially power
    the office building.

63
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Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • That idea won Qualcomm a 600,000 award from the
    State of California, and has returned the cost of
    construction in the form of power savings in
    just four years.

64
65
Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • The cogeneration plant reduced
  • the energy costs of the building by 39 percent
    and saved the chip maker 2.9 million last year.

65
66
Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • The company has also focused on virtualizing its
    storage.
  • It managed to increase the amount of data stored
    in each box to 70 percent from 40 percent, which
    means that, in terms of power costs, storing a
    terabyte of data costs a third less than it used
    to be.

66
67
Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • The company was supposed to build a new data
    center in the year 2008, but virtualization has
    meant higher server and storage utilization so
    now it can afford to hold off until 2010.
  • (The virtualization efforts also cut power costs
    in the data center by 50 percent.)

67
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Qualcomm (Cont.)
  • So far, the virtualization efforts have saved
    Qualcomm 20 million, with 5 million of that
    coming from power cost-reductions.

68
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4) Aplicor
  • From www.aplicor.co.uk, Aplicor was named one
    of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
    Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

69
70
Aplicor (Cont.)
  • Computerworld recognized Aplicor for
    demonstrating leadership and innovation to
    reduce energy consumption in IT data centers and
    leverage technology to conserve energy and lower
    carbon emissions.

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Aplicor (Cont.)
  • Aplicor's GREEN Technology initiatives,
    collaboration with other environmentally
    conscience technology companies and policy
    suggestions are an integral part of Aplicors
    corporate culture and shared values.

71
72
Aplicor (Cont.)
  • After approximately 12 months of research and
    development followed by implementation, Aplicor's
    Global Reach for Energy and Efficiency Next
    Generation (GREEN) program commenced in February
    2007 at Aplicor data centers in the U.S. and UK.

72
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Aplicor (Cont.)
  • This program pioneered leading environmental IT
    techniques including improved power consumption,
    re-engineered power distribution, new
    techniques in cooling efficiency, server
    virtualization and new footprint schemas for
    improved equipment density.

73
74
Aplicor (Cont.)
  • The program has realized approximately 19
    percent reduction in power and carbon dioxide
    emissions.

74
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5) Fujitsu
  • From www.fujitsupc.com, Fujitsu was named one
    of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
    Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

75
76
Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • The Fujitsu Environmental Program develops
    employee, facility, and manufacturing-based
    environmental programs.

76
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Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • In August of 2007, for example, the Fujitsu
    campus in Sunnyvale, California. installed a
    hydrogen fuel cell to significantly reduce carbon
    dioxide emissions, making Fujitsu the first
    Silicon Valley-based IT company to install
    Fujitsus own hydrogen power plant.

77
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Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • Since 1996, Fujitsu has published regular
    reports detailing the programs and results of
    its environmental protection activities.

78
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Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • Fujitsu has made the Dow Jones Sustainability
    World Index eight years in a row, and the
    FTSE4Good Index Series five years in a row.

79
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Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • By the end of fiscal 2009, all Fujitsu business
    units will increase the number of Super Green
    Products (those with the most advanced
    environmental-friendly characteristics) by at
    least 20 percent.

80
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Fujitsu (Cont.)
  • Fujitsu has a deep commitment to environmental
    responsibility, to reduce Fujitsus carbon
    footprint, to eliminating lead and other harmful
    wastes from Fujitsus supply chain and products,
    to broad recycling and reuse programs.

81
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6) Microsoft
  • From www.computerworlduk.com,Microsoft, with
    70,000 employees spread out across the world,
    is deep into a corporate-wide evaluation of how
    it can become a more environmentally friendly
    corporation.

82
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Microsoft (Cont.)
  • The effort encompasses hardware, software, data
    centers and Microsoft's role as a corporate
    citizen.
  • The hope is to initiate Microsoft's people,
    products and programs into the green revolution.

83
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Microsoft (Cont.)
  • Microsoft's early results include a
    PVC-product-packaging purge begun in 2005 that
    has resulted in the elimination of 1.5 million
    pounds of the environmentally unfriendly plastic.

84
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Microsoft (Cont.)
  • As part of its green revolution, Microsoft also
    is partnering with such movers and shakers as
    former President Bill Clinton and his Clinton
    Foundation to discover how the world's largest
    cities can reduce carbon output and greenhouse
    gases.

85
86
Microsoft (Cont.)
  • Microsoft also is part of The Green Grid
    consortium and Climate Savers, two industry wide
    power-efficiency initiatives.

86
87
  • Hewlett-Packard
  • From www.greentelecomlive.com,Hewlett-Packard
    (HP) was named one of the top 12 Green IT
    companies in IDG's Computerworld top Green-IT
    Companies for 2008 and has been ranked at the
    top of the latest Vendor Matrix released by ABI
    Research.

87
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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)
  • For this particular matrix, under innovation,
    ABI Research examined
  • the firms carbon footprints, regulatory
    compliance, recycling efforts, efforts at
    greening internal operations, use of video and
    telecommuting, and membership and participation
    in environmental organizations.

88
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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)
  • The firms product portfolios, product features,
    intellectual property holdings, certification
    achievements, and the planning and
    virtualization tools HP use.

89
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Hewlett-Packard (Cont.)
  • Hewlett-Packard received points
  • for its innovative Dynamic Smart Cooling
    technology as well as for its homegrown power
    distribution system and its wide selection of
    low-power component choices for its customers.

90
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8) Network Appliance
  • From www.allbusiness.com, NetApp was named one
    of the top 12 Green IT companies in IDG's
    Computerworld top Green-IT Companies for 2008.

91
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Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • NetApp was selected - For its innovative data
    center design and its leading-edge data
    management techniques to reduce power
    consumption.
  • - For its company-wide green programs that
    dramatically reduce the amount of local
    landfill waste and impact on the environment.

92
93
Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • NetApp employed the following cooling
    techniques to increase energy efficiency in its
    data centers hot aisle/cold aisle equipment
    layout, vinyl strip curtains to contain the hot
    air from mixing with the cold air, using outside
    air to cool the data center, and raising the
    overall temperature in the data center.

93
94
Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • NetApp has reaped millions of dollars in savings
    as a result while benefiting the environment.

94
95
Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • Through innovative data management techniques and
    best practices, NetApp has dramatically
    increased storage utilization and reduced power
    consumption in its data center by deploying
    storage and server virtualization solutions.

95
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Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • By improving efficiency and scaling its
    infrastructure, the project has had measurable
    impact - NetApp IT replaced 50 legacy storage
    systems with 10 new systems running Data
    ONTAPR 7G.

96
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Network Appliance (Cont.)
  • - Decrease its storage rack footprint from 25 to
    6 racks, dropping power requirements from 329kW
    to 69kW.
  • Reduce air conditioning requirements by 94 tons.
  • Decrease the electricity costs by 60,000 per
    year.

97
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9) Other World Computing
  • From www.macsales.com, Other World Computing
    (OWC) was named one of the top 12 Green IT
    companies in IDG's Computerworld top Green-IT
    Companies for 2008.

98
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OWC (Cont.)
  • OWC was honored because of its newly constructed
    corporate headquarters building (opening on
    February 22, 2008), designed according to Gold
    Level specifications of the LEED (Leadership in
    Energy and Environmental Design) Program.

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OWC (Cont.)
  • The new OWC headquarters obtained certification
    at the Gold LEED Level.
  • In addition, the project achievedthe highest and
    most rarely awarded status of Platinum.

100
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OWC (Cont.)
  • The new OWC headquarters featuredGreen design
    elements and materials - Water Savings.
    - Materials Selection. - Recycling and
    Conservation. - Indoor Environmental Quality.
    - Energy Efficiency.

101
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OWC (Cont.)
  • With all energy conservation elements,
  • the new much larger 37,000 square-foot building
    consumes less energy resources than OWC's old
    10,000 square-foot building.

102
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10) Verizon Wireless
  • From www.reuters.com, Verizon Wireless was the
    only wireless carrier named one of the top 12
    Green IT companies in IDG's Computerworld top
    Green-IT Companies for 2008.

103
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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)
  • Verizon Wireless deployed more than 7,000 thin
    clients in 12 call centers nationwide, reducing
    energy consumption and cooling costs.

104
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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)
  • Power consumption tests at the company's
    Chandler, Ariz., call center showed a 62.5
    percent overall decrease in energy usage after
    deployment.

105
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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)
  • Verizon Wireless also rolled out power management
    software on 61,000 managed desktops companywide
    that enables automatic shutdown and sleep
    schedules.

106
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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)
  • The initiative accounted for a 24 percent
    reduction in both PC power consumptionand CO2
    emissions.
  • In addition to pursuing energy-saving technology
    in call centers, Verizon Wireless has also
    implemented virtualization technology in its data
    centers.

107
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Verizon Wireless (Cont.)
  • This approach, coupled with the higher energy
    efficiency of the new servers, significantly
    decreases electricity and cooling costs.

108
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11) Computer Sciences Corp.
  • From www.csc.com, CSC one of the top 12 Green
    IT companies in IDG's Computerworld top
    Green-IT Companies for 2008.

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CSC (Cont.)
  • CSC extended the Green activities to supporting
    environmentally friendly sports, such as the
    seven-year sponsorship of cycling world champion
    Team CSC and the Team CSC 505 class wind sailing
    team.

110
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CSC (Cont.)
  • CSC recognized that IT has significant
    responsibilities beyond the data center.
  • As part of collaboration opportunities to reduce
    the carbon footprint, CSC was investing in
    international tele-presence technologies to
    better facilitate business for CSC and the
    clients while reducing travel.

111
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CSC (Cont.)
  • CSC regularly coordinates with vendor partners
    to better understand technologies and practices
    that reduce the impact on the environment.

112
113
CSC (Cont.)
  • CSCs Green initiatives include- Waste IT and
    scrap recycling all disposed IT equipment sent
    to regional companies with programs to
    securely wipe data and either resell components
    or send them for recycling.
  • - Exploitation of state-of-the-art technology
    (power consumption reduction).

113
114
CSC (Cont.)
  • In North America, CSC computers, monitors and
    hard drives are sent to Intechras Big Blue, a
    two-story recycling machine that shreds and then
    separates materials into ferrous (iron) metals,
    non-ferrous metals, plastics, steel and leaded
    glass, these pieces are then sent to smelters or
    extruders, more than 34 tons of copper cable has
    been recycled.

114
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CSC (Cont.)
  • - Innovation in energy-efficient computer room
    design (cooling specific).
  • - Utilization of energy-efficient cube
    technology (heat exchange).

115
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12) Sun Microsystems
  • From www.sun.com,Sun developed products and
    programs that reduce energy needs and CO2
    production at all levels, including the
    microprocessor, servers, thin clients, and
    computer grids.

116
117
Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • Sun's products help people tackle some of the
    world's most difficult challenges, including a
    growing number of environmental ones.

117
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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • Sun's systems are helping to run computer models
    of global climate change, design more efficient
    cars, search for new sources of energy, and
    help people avoid energy usage through
    network-enabled lifestyle changes.

118
119
Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • Sun focused on building eco responsible products
    and solutions that have a minimal environmental
    impact.
  • Suns goal is to benefit the customers and the
    environment by improving energy efficiency, using
    fewer harmful materials, and lowering greenhouse
    gas emissions, while increasing computation and
    storage.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • First example, Sun's energy sipping Sun Fire
    servers with CoolThreads technology consume
    one-third less energy, generate less heat, and
    take up one-half the space in the data center
    while delivering twice the performance.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • By installing these machines in Sun's
    Broomfield, datacenter, Sun's power usage
    dropped from 617,000 kilowatt hours to 39,000
    kilowatt hours, resulting in a cost avoidance of
    40,000 in electricity, with an additional
    60,000 of costs avoided in cooling.

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Sun Microsystems (Cont.)
  • Second example,Sun Ray technology enabled Sun
    to avoid approximately 24 million in energy
    and systems costs last year.

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3.2 The Top 12 Green-IT Users
  • Highmark
  • Discovery Communications
  • First National of Nebraska
  • PerkinsWill
  • Snohomish Public Utility District
  • World Wildlife Fund

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The Top 12 Green-IT Users (Cont.)
  • Austin Energy
  • WellPoint
  • Ryder System
  • Marriott International
  • Monsanto
  • Wachovia

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1) Highmark
  • From www.computerworld.com, Highmark spent
    about 45,000 each month on electricity in
    Highmarks old data center, a 24,000-square-foot,
    Tier 1 facility in Camp Hill, Pa.

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Highmark (Cont.)
  • New data center of Highmark is an
    86,000-square-foot, Tier 3 facility with some
    28,000 feet of raised flooring.

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Highmark (Cont.)
  • The new data center is three times bigger than
    the old one, but its electricity costs are the
    same 45,000 per month, built entirely of
    recycled building materials and certified as a
    leader in energy and environmental design by
    the U.S. Green Building Council.

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Highmark (Cont.)
  • The goal is to decrease power usage companywide.
    For IT specifically, the target reduction is 5
    this year.
  • The company's main data center in Harrisburg
    uses about 700 kilowatts of electricity per
    month, enough to power 175 homes

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2) Discovery Communications
  • From www.computerworld.com, Discovery is not
    just saving money but company also focused on
    saving the planet.
  • Discovery conducts regular audits of its server,
    storage and network equipment to make sure
    everything is fully utilized.

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Discovery Communications (Cont.)
  • Company has consolidated storage into a single
    shared pool using Network Appliance Inc.s
    FlexVol technology, and it used VMware Inc.s
    virtualization software to reduce its server
    count from 850 to 535 physical machines.

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Discovery Communications (Cont.)
  • Disk-to-disk backups have replaced backup tapes,
    eliminating the need to transport those tapes
    off-site.

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3) First National of Nebraska
  • From www.computerworld.com, First National of
    Nebraska Inc. was green before green was cool.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)
  • The Omaha-based financial services firm took its
    first bold step in 1999, when it became the
    first company to build a data center powered
    entirely by fuel cell technology, which creates
    electricity by combining a fuel source and an
    oxidant.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)
  • The system delivers 340 kilowatts of power to
    the bunker, a 15,000-square-foot section of
    the data center that houses First Nationals
    critical systems for processing credit card
    transactions.

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First National of Nebraska (Cont.)
  • The fuel cells, which emit no greenhouse gases,
    eliminated the need for uninterruptible power
    supplies, helping the data center achieve a
    seven 9s uptime rating.

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4) PerkinsWill
  • From www.computerworld.com, PerkinsWill Inc.
    has developed a Green Operations Plan focused on
    office energy use that encompasses six areas
    - Transportation.- Office water use.

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PerkinsWill (Cont.)
  • Office energy use.
  • Office consumables.
  • Indoor air quality.
  • Office renovations and new construction.

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5) Snohomish Public Utility District
  • From www.computerworld.com, the officials at
    the Snohomish PublicUtility District realized
    that just as important as the utility's
    environmental conservation efforts was the need
    to set an example for the community.

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Snohomish (Cont.)
  • Snohomish has instated a broad range of power
    management initiatives, over the past 18 months.

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Snohomish (Cont.)
  • Snohomish puts its more than 1,000 desktops to
    sleep when they become inactive, through the use
    of customized software originally developed by
    the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).

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6) World Wildlife Fund
  • From www.computerworld.com, World Wildlife
    Fund is going green long before global warming
    predictions peppered the news, and film
    documentaries on the subject garnered Academy
    Awards.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)
  • Installed videoconferencing technology to reduce
    the need for expensive, carbon-emitting travel.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)
  • For example, the organization uses and promotes
    Web collaboration systems such as SharePoint,
    WebEx and Citrix MetaFrame XPA.

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World Wildlife Fund (Cont.)
  • Instead of flying to WWF's Geneva offices five
    times a year, Smith, CIO usually opts for
    eight-hour videoconferencesthat saves about 700
    on plane tickets, 15 hours of travel time and
    3,000 in expensesfor each trip.

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7) Austin Energy
  • From www.computerworld.com, Austin Energy's
    goal is to boost that total savings byan
    additional 750 megawatts of power by 2020.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)
  • The most important goal of Austin Energy's
    energy-saving initiatives is reducing reliance
    on electricity
  • and thus lowering overall carbon dioxide
    emissions.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)
  • To reach that goal, Austin Energy plans to use
    technologies such as smart appliances to
    monitor and control power usage at customer
    sites.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)
  • The utility also plans to implement new server
    and storage technology, including multicore
    CPUs, virtualization, and de-duplication and
    compression techniques in its own data center.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)
  • The company's 1,600- person IT department is
    running just over 600 servers on 150 physical
    machines.
  • This translates to 40 energy savings.

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Austin Energy (Cont.)
  • Austin Energy's IT group manages 195,000
    real-time devices used for automated electricity
    metering and distribution.
  • That number will increase to 500,000 devices by
    early 2009.

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8) WellPoint
  • From www.computerworld.com, there are three
    legs to the stoolof WellPoints green
    initiatives. - First are continuous small
    improvements, like increasing recycling,
    moving toward green paper and the like.

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WellPoint (Cont.)
  • Second are big, one-time initiatives such as
    replacing the firm's enterprise data center, a
    multiyear effort thatwas completed in 2003.

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WellPoint (Cont.)
  • Third are special partnerships, like WellPoint's
    linkup with IBM to implement best practices and
    technologies such as server consolidations.

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WellPoint (Cont.)
  • WellPoint save 13,000 a month by moving its
    data center from California to
    Richmond,Virginia.
  • WellPoints employees will spend 25,000 hours at
    videoconferencing this year, avoiding 4,500 tons
    of carbon dioxide emissions from cars and planes.

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9) Ryder System
  • From www.computerworld.com, Ryder squeezes
    every mile per gallon it can from its
    160,000-strong vehicle fleet by working directly
    with Freightliner to make trucks more
    gas-efficient, using only low-sulphur diesel
    fuel and training its drivers to be
    fuel-conscious.

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Ryder System (Cont.)
  • Implemented a server consolidation effort that
    reduced 100 discrete Wintel servers into 66
    Energy Star blades.

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10) Marriott International
  • From www.computerworld.com, Marriott is
    building a second data center 300 feet below
    ground in a former Pennsylvania mine, where the
    ambient air temperature is 53 degrees Fahrenheit.

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Marriott International (Cont.)
  • Marriott has replaced more than 5,000 desktop
    PCs with thin clients, cutting power consumption
    per device by 50.

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Marriott International (Cont.)
  • In 2007, Marriott replaced 38 public printers at
    its headquarters with more-efficient Energy Star
    devices.
  • That helped reduce its carbon footprint by 36
    tons annually.

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Marriott International (Cont.)
  • Since contracting in 2005 with Intechra
    LLC,Marriott has recycled more than 18,000
    printers, monitors, peripherals and other
    systems.
  • That represents nearly 200 tons of plastics,
    transistors and other materials that didn't end
    up in landfills.

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11) Monsanto
  • From www.computerworld.com, Monsanto designed
    a new 21 million data center in Creve Coeur,
    Mo., about five years ago, it was a decidedly
    green effort from the get-go.

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Monsanto (Cont.)
  • The 40,000-square-foot facility, which was
    completed last July, was designed with a 17-foot
    floor-to-ceiling span to promote airflow and
    eliminate the need for power or cooling units on
    the data center's floor.

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Monsanto (Cont.)
  • The glass screen in its new data center blocks
    60 of the sun's rays, lowering demands
  • on the building's cooling systems.

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12) Wachovia
  • From www.computerworld.com, Wachovia has
    pledged to reduce Wachovias greenhouse gas
    emissions profile by 10 by 2010.
  • Rolled 15 unique reporting tools into a single
    managed-service environment.

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Wachovia (Cont.)
  • These and other technologies will be deployed in
    the Wachovias new financial center, slated to
    open at the end of 2009.
  • In addition to saving energy, Wachovia will help
    cut construction costs by up to 80,000.

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Wachovia (Cont.)
  • Wachovia plans to implement Hewlett-Packard
    Co.s Dynamic Smart Cooling technology in the
    Birmingham data center and the new financial
    center.

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4. Green Data Center
  • 4.1 Data Center
  • 4.2 Green Data Center
  • 4.3 Fujitsu Green Data Center
  • 4.4 Examples of Green Data Centers
  • 4.5 Data Center in Second Life

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4.1 Data Center
  • 4.1.1 Definition of Data Center from
    en.wikipedia.org
  • 4.1.2 Definition of Data Center from
    searchdatacenter.techtarget.com
  • 4.1.3 Data Center Standards

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4.1.1 Definition from en.wikipedia.org
  • A data center is a facility used to house
    computer systems and associated components, such
    as telecommunications and storage systems. It
    generally includes redundant or backup power
    supplies, redundant data communications
    connections, environmental controls (e.g., air
    conditioning, fire suppression) and security
    devices.

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4.1.2 Definition from searchdatacenter.techtarge
t.com
  • A data center is a centralized repository for
    the storage, management, and disseminationof
    data and information organized around a
    particular body of knowledge or pertaining to a
    particular business.

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4.1.3 Data Center Standards
  • During the dot-com bubble, fast Internet
    connectivity and nonstop operation were
    needed.Therefore, very large facilities called
    IDC (Internet Data Center)were constructed.

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Data Center (Cont.)
  • As of 2008, standards for Data Center design,
    construction, and operation are available from
    many professional groups such as
    Telecommunications Industry Association.
  • One of the main purposes of Data Centeris
    Business Continuity.

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Data Center (Cont.)
  • There are four Tiers of data center- Tier 1
    data center, which is the simplest, is a
    computer room for the installation of computer
    systems. - Tier 2 data center is the same as
    Tier 1 plus redundant capacity components.

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Data Center (Cont.)
  • - Tier 3 data center is the same as Tier 2
    plus dual-powered equipments and multiple
    uplinks.
  • - Tier 4 data center is the same as Tier 3
    plus all components being fully fault- tolerant,
    including uplinks, storage, chillers, HVAC
    systems, servers, etc. Everything is
    dual-powered. (HVAC heating, ventilating, and
    air conditioning).

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Data Center (Cont.)
  • The physical environment of a data center - Air
    Conditioning 20-25 degrees centigrade, and
    humidity 40-45 - Backup power - No single
    point of failure- Raised floor- Fire protection
    systems- Physical security

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4.2 Green Data Center
  • There are many definitions of Green Data Center
    from the Internet.
  • 4.1.1 www.pcmag.com
  • 4.1.2 searchdatacenter.techtarget.com

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4.2.1 Definition from www.pcmag.com
  • Green Data Center is A datacenter that is
    constructed to run as economically as possible.
    All computer, electrical and lighting systems,
    as well as the building materials, must be
    rated for maximum efficiency. The datacenter may
    also be augmented with solar panels.

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4.2.2 Definition from searchdatacenter.techtarge
t.com
  • Green Data Center is A repository for the
    storage, management, and dissemination of data
    in which the mechanical, lighting, electrical
    and computer systems are designed for maximum
    energy efficiencyand minimum environmental
    impacts.

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4.3 Fujitsu Green Data Center
  • From www.computerweekly.com in June 2008,
    Fujitsu has launched Green Infrastructure
    Solution Service to provide specialists with
    expertise in both IT and construction to assist
    customers with planning, design, employment, and
    operation, as well as building highly
    energy-efficient datacenters or Green Data
    Centers.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • The new efficient IT service aims to reduce
    power consumption and CO2 emission by as much
    as 50 of the previous level, excluding power
    savings from IT product themselves.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • From www.computerweekly.com dated 27 June
    2008,Fujitsu announced the opening of its green
    data center which started in 2007.
  • The green data center is located in a former
    warehouse on a brown field site.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • Fujitsu said the green data center is nearly
    twice as energy-efficientas previous data
    centers it has opened.
  • The data center uses advanced cooling, heating,
    and IT systems to tailor power consumption to
    processing and operational needs.

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Fujitsu Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • Fujitsu said it can save the equivalent power
    consumed by 6,000 every year.

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4.4 Examples of Green Data Centers
  • There are many examples of green data
    centers4.4.1 Amazon Green Data Center 4.4.2
    Google Green Data Center4.4.3 Sun Green Mobile
    Data Center

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4.4.1 Amazon Green Data Center
  • From www.greenm3.com dated 1 November
    2008,DataCenterKnowledge reported on
    Amazon.coms new green data center in Oregon, USA.

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Amazon Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • The Amazon Data Center is located on the bank of
    the Columbia River in Oregon.
  • The cost of the data center being built is US
    100 million.

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Amazon Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • It will include three buildings.
  • The first building will be 116,000 square feet.
  • The hydro electricity on Columbia River basin
    uses cheap and clean power, which is also one of
    the main factors in Googles decision to build
    its data center in the vicinity.

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4.4.2 Google Green Data Center
  • From www.internetnews.com dated 3 October
    2008,Google, the world largest search company
    announced how its squeeze considerable energy
    saving out of its data center.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • The purpose of Google is to reduce datacenter
    power costs by targeting the center, not the
    computer.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • The cost of Google Data Center is 21 or about
    15 in some cases.
  • There are five elements of Googles strategyfor
    building management- Clean Energy- Server
    Retirement- Efficient Equipment- Water
    Management- Efficient Data Center

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • It can save about 30 per server per year.
  • Google removes unused componentssuch as sound
    and discrete graphics.
  • Google servers lose a little over 15 of the
    electricity they pull from the wall during
    power conversion steps,which is less than half
    of what is lost in a typical server.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • Evaporative cooling has been used instead of
    refrigerators.
  • Cold water - Run thru the data center which
    the heat is absorbed from the computer.- Run
    down from the roof to the ground outside the
    data center, similar to at restaurant, to help
    let the heat dissipate.

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4.4.3 Sun Mobile Data Center
  • From blog.internetnews.com dated 18
    September 2008, Sun Microsystems updated
    information about its Mobile Data Center -
    stored the data center in a mine deep
    underground in Japan where the climate is cool

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Sun Mobile Data Center (Cont.)
  • The data center consists of Sun systems densely
    packed in a standard shipping container, 20x40
    feet.
  • The data center hold 240 rack unitswhich could
    be large servers such as SPARC Enterprise M4000
    and M5000 or third-party equipments.

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Google Green Data Center (Cont.)
  • The data centers contain not only the systembut
    also the power and cooling necessary to operate
    the system.
  • One of the most famous examples is 100 meters
    down an abandoned mine,relying on the natural
    cool climate.

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4.5 Data Center in Second Life
  • From www.informationweek.comdated 14 August
    2008,IBM launched Eco Data Center in Second
    Life.
  • Visitors who want to check out IBMs latest
    eco-data center have to do as an avatar in
    Linden Labs Second Life, where the facility
    exist.

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Data Center in Second Life (Cont.)
  • The data center will be used as a demonstration
    area for IBMs eco-friendly technologies and
    services.
  • In early August 2008, IBM announced that it is
    planned to build a 360 million adaptive data
    center by renovating an existing building at its
    facility in Research Triangle Park.

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Data Center in Second Life (Cont.)
  • IBM is also offering a consulting serviceto help
    users asses their CSR (Corporate Social
    Responsibility) reporting, the effectiveness of
    their environmental policies, labor practices,
    regulatory compliance, corporate values, and
    other CSR-related activities.

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5. Green Telework.
  • 5.1 What is Green Telework?
  • 5.2 Timeline of Green Telework.
  • 5.3 Examples of Using Telework.
  • 5.4 Green Telework News.

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5.1 What is Green Telework.
  • From www.flexibility.co.uk/issues/sustainability/
    green-telework.htm, Sun Microsystems and the
    Forum and the Future stated the Green telework
    will - reduce private car traffic by 3 in
    the short term, with a potential for greater
    savings in the future

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • reduce traffic congestion at peak times
  • reduce the need for more road building
  • improve the efficiency of office space
  • reduce the total energy use of companies.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • The following recommendations were made-
    provide financial incentives for companies
    that promote green telework as part of
    corporate environmental policy- encourage green
    telework in the civil service - address
    environmental behaviour in the Telework
    Guidance document

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • take responsibility for the environmental impact
    of their employee's working patterns
  • look to sustainable computing models to reduce
    duplication of equipment between home and work
  • promote energy efficiency and the use of
    renewable energy in the home.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • Recommendations to technology providers
  • - Products should minimise materials use from
    the outset.  Miniaturisation can help, but this
    should not lead to greater proliferation of
    devices
  • - Product life needs to be extended

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • More advantage needs to be taken of mobile
    devices which use less energy and material
    resources than desktop PCs
  • Network Computing solutions should be
    considered as they may have smaller
    environmental impacts.

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What is Green Telework (Cont.)
  • There are many names of telecommute such as -
    eCommute - eWork- Telework- Work at Home -
    Work from Home

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5.2 Timeline of Green Telework.
  • The roots of Green telework started in early
    1970s technology, linking satellite offices to
    downtown mainframes by dumb terminals using
    telephone lines as a network bridge.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • The massive ongoing decrease in cost and
    increase in performance and usability of
    personal computers forged the way to
    decentralize even further, moving the office to
    the home.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • By the early 1980s, these branch offices and
    home workers were able to connect to the company
    mainframe using personal computers.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • The adoption of local area networks promoted
    sharing of resources, and client server
    computing allowed for even greater
    decentralization.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • In the year 2008, teleworkers can carry laptop
    PCs around to use both at the office and at home
    (and almost anywhere else)

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • Teleworkers are linked to their home office by
    using groupware, virtual private networks, and
    similar technologies to collaborate and interact
    with team members.

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Timeline of Green Telework (Cont.)
  • As the price of VPN-capable routers, high-speed
    Internet connections to the home, and VOIP
    technology has plummeted in recent years, the
    cost to connect a teleworker to their employer's
    intranet and telecommunications system has
    become negligible when compared with the
    operating costs of conventional offices.

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5.3 Examples of Using Green Telework.
  • The U.S. General Services Administration.
  • Key Bank.
  • Guardian Life Insurance.
  • Holland America Line/West Tours.
  • California Public Employees Retirement System.
  • Bellcore.

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1) The U.S. General Services Administration.
  • During a keynote address at the September 12,
    2007 Telework Exchange Town Hall Meeting, Lurita
    Doan, at that time the Administrator for the
    General Services Administration (GSA), announced
    an aggressive commitment goal to increase agency
    telework participation.

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General Services Administration (Cont.)
  • Her challenge was for 50 percent of eligible
    agency employees to telework one or more days
    per week by 2010.
  • In the year 2007, 10 percent of eligible GSA
    employees telework, compared to 4.2 percent for
    the overall Federal workforce.

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General Services Administration (Cont.)
  • Her goal was to increase participation- to 20
    percent by the end of 2008- 40 percent by the
    end of 2009- finally, 50 percent by 2010.

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2) Key Bank.
  • Key Bank, the 16th largest banking organization
    in the U.S., participated in a study for 14 of
    its branches in the Seattle area.
  • The study revealed that 83 percent of employees
    lived closer to another branch office.

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Key Bank (Cont.)
  • Key Bank then implemented a program to trade
    employees who wanted to switch between sites, and
    the average commut
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