The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)

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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
A Report on the Progress, Shortfalls and Deficit

Rene Raya Social Watch Philippines (SWP)
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• Presentation Outline
• Background
• Goals and Targets
• Poverty Situation
• Health, Education the Environment
• The Financing Gap
• Global Partnership
• Proposals for Mainstreaming the MDGs

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Millennium Development Goals   Goals and
Targets
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Questions Raised by Social Watch/ Other Civil
Society Groups on the MDG
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MDG Status at a Glance
AS REPORTED BY NEDA
Chance of Meeting Target
Goals/Targets Official Report (National)
Poverty ?
Hunger r
Safe water ?
Education Participation Survival ? r
Education Gender Equality ?
Child Mortality ?
Maternal Health h
HIV/AIDS ?
Legend ?High r Low hMedium
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Poverty Situation Trends, Gaps and Disparities
(Goal 1 Target 1)
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Social Watch Philippines Report on the MDGs
MDG Poverty Target will most likely be met ? 50
reduction in incidence of extreme poverty between
1990 and 2015
And that is the good news
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Since 1988, virtually no improvement in the Rural
Poverty Situation
Poverty Headcount Rural Areas In 1991 ? 55.1
By 2000 ? 54.5
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Subsistence Incidence by Region
While poverty situation has been improving
nationally, poverty and subsistence incidence
have been increasing in ARMM, Central Mindanao
and the Bicol Region and virtually stagnant in
Western Mindanao
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Provincial Poverty Trends
15 Poorest Provinces

1. SULU 72.7
2. MASBATE 70.1
3. ROMBLON 69.3
4. MAGUINDANAO 67.8
5. IFUGAO 67.1
6. TAWI-TAWI 65.3
7. CAMARINES NORTE 58.1
8. LANAO DEL SUR 57.1
9. SULTAN KUDARAT 57.0
10. AGUSAN DEL SUR 56.2
11. MISAMIS OCCIDENTAL 55.9
12. BOHOL 55.6
13. OCCIDENTAL MINDORO 55.4
14. MARINDUQUE 54.6
15. SARANGANI 54.5

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Accomplishments in the Health Sector or some
unhealthy trends
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On Nutrition (Goal 1/Target 2) Official report
on the MDG ? Probability Low for meeting the
target of 50 reduction in malnutrition
For Year 2001 Bicol - highest incidence of
underweight U5 children (37), nearly twice
compared to NCR Other Poor Raters
Masbate 43.8 Sorsogon 40.6
Antique 42.5 Negros Occ. 42.6
Biliran 44.0 N. Samar 43.4   Bohol
31.9 (1998 data) Among
Regions   Bicol 37.8 N. Mindanao 34.1
S. Mindanao 32.3 CARAGA 33.5 Central
Vis. 28.3
Available data shows decrease in malnutrition
since 1989/90. But trend has been erratic and
uneven
Based on FNRI Surveys
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On Water Access (Goal 1/Target 3)
Nationally, the chance of meeting this target
given current trends is high.
But again, progress is largely uneven, across
regions provinces.
There are provinces where only 30 or less of
households have access to safe drinking water
Tawi-Tawi 18.1 Lanao del Sur 22.1 Sulu 30.
4 For ARMM ? 30.6

• The following regions will not meet the target
  set for 2015
• ARMM
• Central Mindanao
• Southern Mindanao
• Western Mindanao
• Bicol

Among the 15 poorest provinces, only four (BOHOL,
Misamis Occidental, Marinduque and Agusan del
Sur) have fair chances of meeting the target  In
fact, about half of the provinces will not likely
meet the target of improved access to safe
drinking water.
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Reducing Under-Five Child Mortality (Goal
4) While nationally, the target of reducing
underfive mortality will more likely be met, the
same does not hold true for the following
regions ?All of Mindanao ?Bicol
?Western Visayas
Improving Maternal Health (Goal 5) Based on
current trends, the Philippines not meet the MDG
target of reducing MMR by three-fourths,
particularly for the following regions (the
poorest and highest MMR) ? All of Mindanao
?CAR ?Cagayan Valley ?Western Visayas

Eastern Visayas mortality indicators remain
high but rate of progress has been significant
during the 1990s.
In ARMM, people dont grow old!! Life
Expectancy at Birth ARMM? 56.6 years //
Tawi-Tawi ? 54.2
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Progress, Shortfalls in the Education
Sector
(Goal 2)
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The Official Report on the MDGs asserts that
universal access to primary education is
achievable in the Philippines.
Increasing enrolment over the years
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Efficiency and Quality
Learning Achievement
NDT NAT
Elementary Level ? 39.99 43.55
High School Level ? 28.04 36.13
___________________________ SY 2002-2003
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Efficiency Learner Outcomes
312 drop
1000 Grade 1 entrants
439 will finish in 6 yrs
249 will finish in 9.6 yrs
Only 7 will have 75 scores in Science, Math,
English
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Disparity in Education Performance
UNDPs Education Index (HDI)

Chile
0.90
Bohol
Philippines
Cebu
0.80
Leyte
0.70
Average for 10 lowest
0.60
ARMM
SULU/BASILAN
0.50
0.40
Some of the poorest provinces in the country
perform no better than the worlds poorest
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ON EFA
The EFA Development Index (EDI)
UNESCO Global Monitoring Report (2003/04)
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Brief Note on Environmental Sustainability (Goal
7)
The countrys natural resource base remains
under threat. (NEDA Report)
a question of equity and justice.(Social
Watch) Unequal access to, control and
use of natural resources Vulnerability of
the poor to environmental hazards and
disasters, and their crippling impact on peoples
livelihood
 
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To summarize again the MDG Status this time
with the Regional and Provincial Breakdowns
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MDG Status at a Glance
Chance of Meeting Target
Goals/Targets Official Report (Natl) ARMM Western Visayas Bicol Central Minda nao Central Visayas Bohol
Poverty ? r h r r r r
Hunger r r r r r r r
Safe water ? r h r r r ?
UPE Participation Survival ? r h r ? r ? r ? r ? r ? r
Education Gender Equality ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Child Mortality ? r r r r h r
Maternal Health h r r r r h r
HIV/AIDS ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
Social Watch estimates based on Regional Trends
Legend ?High r Low hMedium
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The Financing Shortfall
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Mobilizing adequate resources is imperative to
ensure attainment of the Millennium Development
Goals and specific targets by 2015!!!
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Dr. Manasan Study (UNDP) Total Resource Gap
(2002-2006) to meet MDG Targets (Education,
Health, WatSan) That means an additional 5.9 of
the National Budget. Given these figures, it is
not likely to to meet MDG targets, unless more
resources are generated
229 Billion
THE DEBT BURDEN
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Allocation for servicing the countrys external
debt is significantly higher than the combined
allocation for health and education.
Debt Service
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• Per Capita Health Expenditure
• 1990 ? 313.73/person
• 2003 ? 152.33/person
• According to WHO, RP ranks among the last (161st)
  in terms of health spending (Total Health
  expenditure as of GDP)
• Result RP ranks 126th in terms of overall level
  of health
• Current Education Expenditure
• P4,000 to 5,000 per elementary student
• Since 1998, real per capita spending on education
  has been declining! In fact, todays per pupil
  spending in real terms is about the same level as
  in 1978!

CURRENT LEVEL OF EXPENDITURE CANNOT BUY QUALITY
HEALTH AND QUALITY EDUCATION
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Is it possible to cover the financing Gap?
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Global Partnership for Development
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The series of world conferences in the 1990s
culminated in the Millennium Summit (Sept 2000)
affirmed commitments to increase development
assistance, deal comprehensively with the debt
problems and work for nondiscriminatory trading
and financial system.
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Official Development Assistance (ODA) Overall
World Trend ? Sharp decline in ODA, especially in
the 1990s, indicating the developed countries are
becoming richer and meaner
Source Reality of Aid, 2002
Only five donors meet the UN 0.7 target for aid
as share of GNI Denmark, Norway, Netherlands,
Luxembourg and Sweden
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ODA and Agricultural Subsidies

In 2000, cows and cotton got more aid than
people!!! _____________ (HDR 2003, UNDP)

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Debt Situation
Current figures and trend indicate that external
debt of poor developing and transitional
economies had been increasing. Limited resources
are channeled to service external debt, crippling
the economies of many developing countries
Share in World Export
International Trade
Initial data indicate worsening terms of trade in
most developing developing countries in recent
years, indicating that trade agreements may have
not been procedurally-fair and outcome-fair
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Net Transfers of Financial Resources
US192.5 Bn
Outflow of financial resources Year 2002
North
Since 1998, financial resources are flowing out
of developing economies.
South
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Immediate Recommendations

1. Mainstream MDG in development planning and
   budgeting
2. Review MDG targets based on particular situation
   and adopt appropriate policies and strategies to
   achieve tbe MDGs
3. Enhance local capacity in monitoring the MDGs
4. Improve the local statistical system to include
   generation of all MDG-related data disaggregated
   by sex location address the availability,
   completeness, reliability of all MDG-related
   data
5. Tap Donor Community to support projects that aim
   to achieve the MDGs
6. Strengthen partnerships between government and
   civil society