Sustainable Development and the Millennium Development Goals

1
Sustainable Development and the Millennium
Development Goals

• Dr. Richard Leete
• UN Resident Coordinator for Malaysia
• UNDP Resident Representative for Malaysia,
  Singapore and Brunei
• May 22, 2004
• Singapore

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Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Sustainable Development and the MDGs

• 8 mutually reinforcing time-bound goals, with 18
  related targets to be achieved by 2015
• an accountability framework and a global
  partnership for progressively eradicating poverty
• MDGs respecify goals and targets of 1990s global
  conferences do not override other conference
  goals
• MDGs at forefront of global development agenda
  and a unifying tool for entire UN system
• MDGs a natural platform for national plans
• Capture multidimensionality of poverty

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The MDGs
Sustainable Development and the MDGs

• MDG 1 Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
• Target 1 Halve of people whose income ltUS1
  a day
• MDG 2 Achieve universal primary education
• MDG 3 Promote gender equality and empower women
• MDG 4 Reduce child mortality
• MDG 5 Improve maternal health
• MDG 6 Combat HIV-AIDS, malaria and other
  diseases
• MDG 7 Ensure environmental sustainability
• MDG 8 Develop a global partnership for
  development
• Target 33 ODA as 0.7 per cent of GNI

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Sustainable Development and the MDGs
Population growth is most marked in the poorest
countries, but everywhere it is declining, albeit
slowly in the developing countries
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Sustainable Development and the MDGs
More than half of the global population is
concentrated in Asia
South Asia
Population 2015, 7.2 billion
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MDG 1
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
Some regions are reducing extreme poverty in
others poverty is on the rise
Linear trend from 1990-2000
Current trend
MDG goal in 2015
MDG goal in 2015
Ahead of target
Behind target
Population living in extreme poverty ()
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Sustainable Development and the MDGs
MDG 1
As investments in human development rise, family
size falls
Total fertility rate (per woman), 2001
Human development score, 2003
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MDG 2
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
Primary school enrolment is rising, yet many
children never attend school
Linear trend from 1990-2000
Current trend
MDG goal in 2015
On target
Ahead of target
Net primary enrolment ratio ()
Behind target
0
9
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
MDG 2
Primary enrolment rises as the share of children
in the population decreases
Net primary enrolment ratio (), 2000
0
Share in population aged 5-14, 2003
10
MDG 3
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
Gender differentials in schooling are declining
sharply, yet discrimination against girls going
to school still persists
Girls primary and secondary enrolment in
relation to boys ()
Linear trend from 1990-2000
Current trend
MDG goal in 2015
On target
Ahead of target
Behind target
0
11
MDG 4
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
Progress on meeting child mortality reduction
targets faltering in the poorest regions
Linear trend from 1990-2000
Current trend
MDG goal in 2015
On target
Behind target
Under-five mortality rate per 1000 live births
Middle East and North Africa
Europe and Central Asia
Latin America and Caribbean
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
East Asia and Pacific
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Sustainable Development and the MDGs
MDG 7
Access to water remains a problem for many even
at the beginning of the new millennium
13
Sustainable Development and the MDGs
MDG 8c
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Epilogue
Sustainable Development and the MDGs

• The future is full of promise as it is fraught
  with uncertainty. The industrial society is
  giving way to one based on knowledge. we must
  learn and be part of the knowledge-based world.
  That we have succeeded in the last three decades
  does not ensure our doing so in the future.
  However, we stand a better chance of not failing
  if we abide by the basic principles that have
  helped us progress social cohesion through
  sharing the benefits of progress, equal
  opportunities for all and meritocracy
• Lee Kuan Yew, From Third World To First,
  Singapore, 2000