First English Settlements

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First English Settlements
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Roanoke - 1585

• Sir Walter Raleigh.
• Located near the Outer Banks in North Carolina.
• Became the Lost Colony and is still a mystery
  today.
• Speculation.

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Jamestown - 1607
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Jamestown Expedition

• Council - 6 (Captains)
• Preacher - 1 Sailor - 1
• Blacksmith - 1 Bricklayer - 2
• Carpenter - 6 Masons - 1
• Barber - 1 Drummer - 1
• Laborers - 13 Boys - 4
• Gentlemen - 29

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• Virginia Company of London secured a charter from
  King James I.
• Original settlers were unprepared for life in a
  hostile environment. Too many chiefs. Over
  half of the company were gentlemen.
• Starvation in a land of plenty.
• Captain John Smith takes command.

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• The Algonquian tribe and Powhatan.
• Why was there trouble with the Indians?
• Spreading the myth of white supremacy?
• Beginning of the near genocide of the Native
  American peoples.

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Tobacco

• In 1612, John Rolfe began cultivating tobacco.
  This
• Gave the colonists a cash crop that grew well in
  Virginia soil.
• Pushed settlements westward.
• (Which led to ?)
• Limited the prosperity of Virginia to one crop.
• 1619. First black slaves sold. Significance?

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Plymouth - 1620

• Pilgrims.
• Religious freedom.
• William Bradford.
• Was later absorbed by the Massachusetts Bay
  Colony.

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Massachusetts Bay - 1630

• Puritans. Wished to purify the Anglican Church
  of anything resembling Catholicism.
• Congregationalists Separatists.
• Secured a charter from King Charles I.
• Led by John Winthrop. City on a hill.
• Prospered from the start. Started with 17 ships
  and 1000 settlers. Well equipped with food,
  tools and valuable skills.

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Puritan v. Pilgrim

• Social class.
• Covenant concept voluntary but sacred
  agreements by which they understood themselves to
  be bound together in church and community.
• Mayflower Compact. Consent of the governed.
• Relationship between church and state.
• Attitude.