13 Original Colonies

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13 Original Colonies

• The New England Colonies

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New England Economy

• Each section of the country was as different as
  the other.
• New England with her self sufficient farming
  communities, seafaring ports, shipbuilding, and
  rum making

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• Farming was primarily limited to raising crops
  and animals for their own use
• Harsh winter conditions and rocky soil prevented
  growing of large cash crops
• Not a large demand for Farm Labor because of
  these conditions
• Slave labor would have cost more to maintain then
  what they could gain in labor

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• Merchants
• Traded goods locally with other colonies and
  overseas because of the vast shipping trade
• Traded furs, pickled beef, and pork
• Grew in power and wealth
• Became the leading members within their Colonies

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• Fishing
• Was one of the regions leading industries
• Cod, Mackerel, and Halibut
• Merchants exported dried fish
• Hunted whales that came to close to shore
• Eventually hunted them for their oil for lamps

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• Shipbuilding
• Huge abundance of trees made shipbuilding
  possible
• As slave trade grew so did the need for more
  ships
• Fishing trade also aided in the need for vessels
• New England shipyards made high quality vessels
• England even ordered ships from New England
• Captains were encouraged to sell the ships along
  with the cargo

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• Skilled Craftsmen
• Followed a long tradition establish in England
• Young boys in their teens were often sent off to
  businessmen called Master
• Masters job was to prepare you for the skills
  necessary for the trade
• Started out as an apprentice
• Moved on to a journeyman after a few years
• After a few more years as a journeyman you became
  a master and set up your own shop

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• Education
• Parents wanted their children to be able to read
  and write
• Passed some of the first laws for compulsory
  education
• Any town of 50 or more families were required to
  have a school
• Used the New England Primer to learn to read
• Was based on the Bible
• Harvard was the first college in the New World

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• Here are some examples of alphabet rhymes that
  teach moral values as well as reading.
• A In Adam's FallWe sinned all.
• B Thy Life to MendThis Book Attend.
• C The Cat doth playAnd after slay.
• D A Dog will biteA Thief at night.
• E An Eagle's flightIs Out of sight.
• F The Idle FoolIs Whipt at School.

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Religion and Government

• The Charter for the Mass Bay Company provided for
  a democratic form of Government
• Consisted of a General Court (Legislature) and a
  Governor
• General Court was a bi Cameral legislature
• Leaders were generally church leaders
• Each Town was allowed to send 2-3 delegates to
  the court
• Male church members were the only ones allowed to
  vote
• Conn and RI eventually allowed non church members
  males to vote

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• Local Government
• In the towns most matters were handled by the
  Town Meetings
• Men would gather whenever they needed
• The announcement of the meeting was sent round
  the town and you showed up
• Usually was held in the church which doubled as a
  meeting house

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Crime and Punishment

• Crime is not necessarily what you think of today
  in Colonial America
• Church often decided and dealt with problems
  within the society
• The local laws were often heavy on the religious
  aspect of life
• There was no appeals and justice was swift
• In many place just missing church was a crime

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• If you were convicted of the crime of witchcraft
  the punishment was extreme
• You were tied to a stake and then dunked upside
  down into a pool of water.
• If you lived it proved you were a witch
• If you drowned you were innocent
• Think of the number of innocent people who were
  convicted of that crime
• Some were burned at the stake and the same
  results if you lived you were guilty if you died
  you were innocent

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• The New England Colonies we very different from
  the other sections of the New World
• Winter were longer then any other place within
  the colonies
• They were a very self sufficient people
• As we look at the other colonial areas we will be
  comparing the different areas
• Are there any questions on the New England
  Colonies at this time?