The Original 13 Colonies

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The Original 13 Colonies

• The Middle Colonies

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Middle Colonies

• New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware
  composed the middle colonies
• Unlike the New England Colonies these colonies
  were not originally awarded by the British

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• New York and New Jersey as they were eventually
  named originally started out as Dutch Colonies
• New Netherland as she was originally known would
  become New York
• New Amsterdam was to become New Jersey
• The British took control of both these Dutch
  Colonies in late 1600s after defeating the
  undefended Dutch Colonies

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• Pennsylvania was named for its Proprietor William
  Penn
• Penn was trying to find a place for Quakers to
  live in order to escape religious persecution
• They were primarily Pacifist
• Supported non violence and religious tolerance
• Penn limited his power as the leader of his
  colony
• Established an elected assembly
• Promised religious freedom

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William Penn
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• Named the capital of his colony Philadelphia
• Means the City of Brotherly Love
• A year after Pennsylvania was founded the Duke of
  York sold Penn a region to the South of his
  Colony
• Penn named this area Delaware
• It remained a part of Pennsylvania until 1776
• This completed the Middle Colonies

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Economy

• Combined the same traits of the New England
  Colonies and then added to them
• Their weather contributed to a much more diverse
  farming community
• Soil was better
• Winters were not as harsh
• Farmers were able to grow staple crops
• These crops included wheat, barley and oats
• Farmers also raised livestock

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• The crops are not the same as we think of today
• They were not done in very narrow rows as there
  was no machinery to harvest the crop
• Crops prospered in the fertile soil and climate
• Crops and farms were often located along the
  rivers and such to provide irrigation

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• The Middle Colonies were known for their
  industrial areas and major shipping ports.
• They were also known for farming that produced
  more then enough for their own farms and were
  able to ship else were in the colonies
• These crops were known as staple crops

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• Unlike New England Slaves were somewhat more
  important
• Instead of the huge apprentice system the Middle
  Colonies used slave labor in its place
• Worked as blacksmiths and carpenters
• Could also be found in the shipbuilding industry
• Indentured servants filled a lot more of those
  needs then slave labor
• They were not a life long commitment
• After there term was done they were gone

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• Trade was again important to the economy of the
  Middle Colonies
• Merchants in Philadelphia and New York exported
  colonial goods to markets in Britain and the East
  Indies
• Included wheat from Pennsylvania, New York, and
  New Jersey

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Women

• Women made important contributions to the economy
• Ran Farms, businesses such as clothing, grocery
  stores, bakeries, and drugstores
• Practiced medicine and acted as midwives
• Colonial laws in this area limited their
  opportunities
• Most colonial women worked in the home and ran
  the farm
• Sometimes provided paid services like washing
  clothes

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• We have covered the Middle Colonies today
• In some ways they are the same as the New England
  Colonies
• They were founded for different reasons and
  unlike the other colonies that were founded
  strictly by the British New York and New Jersey
  were founded by the Dutch and later captured by
  the British
• Climate made for a better growing season

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• We have the Southern Colonies left to cover
• Be prepared for a quiz that covers all of these
  different areas before we move on
• Are there any questions at this time?
• Remember to take good notes.