PowerPointpresentatie

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BAT assessment for Tomaszow landfill Thomas
Drivsholm COWI A/S, Denmark September 2004
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Introduction

• Landfill for municipal waste 120,000 m3/year
• Constructed 2000
• Operations started March 2002
• Site visit in May 2002
• BAT assesment was made July 2002

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Evaluation of BAT at Tomaszow basis

• First part of the IPPC application
• - production processes
• - production data
• Site visit
• EU Directive on landfilling of waste
• Danish regulation no. 650 dated 29 June 2001 on
  landfills

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Identification of major emissions

• 1. Leachate emissions to the subsoil and to the
  ground- and surface water recipients as a result
  of
• - failures in the construction.
• - operation or emergency situations

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• 2. Emissions to the air in the form of
• - dust, smoke, noise and odours during the
  operation, or at emergency situations - primarily
  fire incidents.
• - green house constituents as methane from the
  waste itself, or of polluting constituents as
  NOx, CO2, CO or other gasses from the running
  equipment of the landfill.

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Design and construction

• The major pollution prevention systems
• 1. The membrane system
• 2. The leachate collection and removal system

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Geological barrier

• EU requirements
• Thickness no less than 1 m
• Permeability no more than 10 power -9 m/s
• Artificial barrier at least 0.5 m thick
• Conditions at the site
• Bentonite mixed sand and bentonite mat directly
  under the liner system

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• Evaluation
• Bentonite enhanced subsoil layer geological
  barrier?
• Bentonite mat geological barrier
• Preferred Regular clayliner at least 0.5 m
  thick

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Liner system

• EU requirements
• An artificial sealing membrane
• Conditions at the site
• Bottom Two layers 2 mm HDPE liner
• Slopes One layer textured 2 mm HDPE liner
• Evaluation
• EU requirements fully met.

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Liner system details and connections

• EU requirements
• None
• Conditions at site
• Connections at pipe-throughs Welded
  connections sealed by a bentonite mat
  concrete foundation

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• Evaluation
• Sound design principles
• High level of security for sealed connections
• However the details should be refined

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Leachate drainage system

• EU requirements
• Drainage layer not less than 0.5 m
• Conditions at site
• 0.5 0.7 m drainage layer
• Perforated pipes HDPE
• Geotextile

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• Evaluation
• EU requirements met.
• Risk for future clogging in the geotextile filter

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Leachate transportation system

• EU requirements
• None
• Conditions at site
• Leachate lead by gravitation to pumping well,
  then pumped to two leachate tanks
• All concrete works are highly resistant and
  coated with epoxy on the inside surfaces
• All pipes are either PVC or HDPE
• Pumps are designed for aggressive environment
  and secured against explosion risks

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• Evaluation
• The leachate management system well designed
  and up to standard

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Operation

• EU requirements
• None
• Conditions at site
• Liner system protected against damages from
  compactor and bulldozer by waste
• Emission of dust, odours and airborn litter is
  counteracted by the use of compaction and daily
  cover of the waste
• All running equipment is new and emissions up
  to standard
• Clean soil is imported for daily covering. Also
  crushed construction debris and slags are used

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Closure and aftercare

• EU requirements
• Sealing top cover
• Methane gas be collected and burned
• Conditions at site
• Sealing type top cover
• Gas collection system installed when present
  cell is filled
• Gas burned for 2 years

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• Evaluation
• The designed top cover will minimise the
  infiltration of rain water and halt the
  mineralisation processes
• Pipeworks, liners etc. have a limited life time
• Sealing top covers should be avoided allowing
  the waste to be processed as fast as possible
• Landfill cells should be small and the gas
  utilised at once

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Monitoring control of incoming waste

• EU requirements
• Acceptance only according to characteristics of
  the waste
• Conditions at site
• Visual inspection
• Evaluation
• EU requirements not met yet due July 2009

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Monitoring in surroundings

• EU requirements
• Type and no. of monitoring points not specified
• Normally three inspection wells are installed
• Conditions at site
• Seven monitoring wells installed
• Samples selected every six months
• Two ground stations
• Leachate samples

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• Evaluation
• General standards met

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Evaluation of BAT at Tomaszow - result

• Please see table in memo.

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General procedures recommended actions

• Smaller landfill cells
• Non-sealing top cover

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Energy review recommended actions

• Ensure
• High energy efficiency, and
• Low emissions
• Through
• - Monitoring the energy consumption of the
  running equipment
• - Well planned repair and mainteance schedules
• - Early gas utilisation