South Africa and Apartheid

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South Africa and Apartheid
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The Dutch were the first to settle South Africa
in the 17th century. Later, in the 19th century,
the British and the Dutch fought for diamonds and
gold. South Africa tried to fight back but
lost. The British gained control in the 20th
century and South Africans were not allowed to
vote. This was the beginning of apartheid.
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What is apartheid?
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Apartheid

• Means separateness in Afrikaans, the language
  of the Afrikaners (descendants of the Dutch)
• Was a set of laws that enforced segregation of
  people by race
• Allowed many Europeans to become rich and many
  South Africans to suffer
• Was in effect in South Africa until 1993
• Was being enforced in South Africa when other
  parts of the world were getting rid of
  segregation (like the United States)

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Who was affected by apartheid?
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The Dutch classified the South Africans by the
color of their skin. This was how the Dutch
understood race.There were 4 main
classifications
Black
Colored (mixed race)
Asian
White
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So, what did the different classifications mean?
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The majority of South Africans were black.

• They had separate

Hospitals
Libraries
Schools
Beaches
Water fountains
Restrooms
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During apartheid, white people in South Africa
had better living conditions than anyone else
living in Africa.
These houses are occupied by squatters who come
to Cape Town from the eastern coast looking for
work. Most have no electricity or running water.
Some houses have trash bags for roofs.
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African National Congress

• ANC founded in 1912
• Goal was to bring people of all races together
  and to fight for rights and freedoms
• 1944, Nelson Mandela founded the ANC Youth
  League.
• Youth League brought a new generation to fight
  against racism and apartheid
• Received support from all over the world during
  the 50s and 60s.
• United Nations defined apartheid as a crime
  against humanity (refers to large scale violence)
  in 1973

http//www.biography.com/broadband/main.do?videot
dih-0610-nelsonmandela-jailstatement
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Nelson Mandela

• Anti-apartheid activist
• Was non-violent until he became member of ANCs
  armed wing in 1961
• Was arrested on August 5, 1962 and was
  imprisoned for 27 years
• Continued to fight against apartheid while in
  prison
• F.W. de Klerk, president of South Africa in 1990,
  granted the release of Nelson Mandela.
• De Klerk also ended laws against the ANC
• De Klerk agreed to end apartheid and spoke for a
  multi-racial, democratic
• South Africa.
• Nelson Mandela was democratically elected
  president of South Africa in 1994.
• Was South Africas first black president.

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Nelson Mandela
These are statues that are dedicated to four
Nobel Peace Prize Winners that are from
South Africa Desmond Tutu Nelson Mandela F.W.
de Klerk and Albert John Luthuli