Respiratory Structures And Specializations of the Alveoli

1
Respiratory Structures And Specializations of
the Alveoli

• Steffany Song
• Nicole Choi
• Jessica Choi

2
Respiratory Structures

• Nasal Cavity
• Epiglottis
• Larynx
• Trachea
• Bronchi
• Bronchioles
• Lungs
• Alveolus
• Pulmonary vessels
• Diaphragm

3
NASAL CAVITY

• Description Interior area of nose lined with
  cilia
• and sticky mucus
• Function It filters, warms, and moistens air

4
EPIGLOTTIS

• Description Structure that covers the glottis
  and
• closes off the air tract
• during the process of
• swallowing
• Function Passage of air into larynx

5
LARYNX

• Description Cartilaginous organ that contains
  vocal cords (voice box)
• Function Sound production

6
TRACHEA

• Description Flexible tube that connects larynx
  with bronchi (windpipe)
• Function Passage of air to bronchi

7
BRONCHI

• Description Major divisions of trachea that
  enter lungs
• Functions Passage of air to each lung

8
BRONCHIOLES

• Description Branched tubes that lead from the
  bronchi to the alveoli
• Function Passage of air to each alveolus

9
LUNGS

• Description Soft, cone-shaped organs that occupy
  a large portion of the thoracic cavity
• Function Gas exchange

10
ALVEOLUS

• Description Air sac of a lung
• Function Gas Exchange (parts of lungs)

11
PULMONARY VESSELS

• Description Vessels in the lungs
• Function Pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated
  blood
• from the heart and lungs
• pulmonary veins carry
• oxygenated blood back to
• the heart

12
DIAPHRAGM

• Description Dome-shaped horizontal sheet of
  muscle and connective tissue that separates the
  thoracic from the abdominal cavity
• Function Its contraction helps expand the
  thoracic cavity during inspiration

13
Gas Exchange Between The Alveoli And The
Pulmonary Capillaries
14
The Structure And Function Of Alveoli
15
Factors That Increase Surface Area In Aveoli

• Thin, moist, and
• surrounded by several
• numbers of capillaries
• Exercise
• Maturing

16
Roles Of Cilia

• Help filter out large particles.
• Moistens and warms air.
• Trap irritants, contaminants,
• bacteria, viruses, fungi, vehicle
• exhaust and other materials.

17
Roles Of Mucus

• Keeps air passages moist
• Aids in stopping dust, bacteria
• and viruses, allergy-causing
• substances, and other substances
• from entering the lungs
• Traps smaller particles like pollen or smoke
• Prevents lung damage
• Prevents tissues from drying out
• Good indicator of a properly functioning nose

18
Quiz Time!!

• What is Alveolus?
• - Air sac of lungs
• Name one of the structures of alveoli.
• -Thin walls, receptors, capillaries, lipoprotein
• What is the main function of the Cilia?
• - Filter out particles in the nose
• What organ does Mucus protect from damage?
• - Lung

19
References

• AMA (1999-2007). American Medical Association.
  November 13, 2007. lt http//www.ama-assn.org/ama/p
  ub/category/print/7166.htmlgt
• Abbotsford Collegiate - Biology 12 Homepage
  November 12, 2007.lt http//www.abbysenior.com/biol
  ogy/respiratory_system.htmgt
• Jelic, Sanja. About.com (2007). The New York
  Times Company. November 11, 2007.
  lthttp//lungdiseases.about.com/od/glossaryofterms/
  g/mucus.htmgt
• Gerace, James E. WebMD (December 1, 2006). The
  Cleveland Clinic. November 11, 2007. lt
  http//www.webmd.com/asthma/how-we-breathegt
• Gandelman , Glenn. Maryland General Hospital
  (1997-2007). ADAM. November 11, 2007. lt
  http//health.marylandgeneral.org/imagepages/19533
  .htmgt
• IV Respiratory Physiology. November 12, 2007. lt
  http//www.lib.mcg.edu/edu/eshuphysio/program/sect
  ion4/4ch3/s4ch3_29.htm gt