Publishing with Equations May 7, 2003

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Publishing with EquationsMay 7, 2003

• JQ Johnson, Academic Education Coordinator
• University of Oregon Libraries
• November 17, 2009

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Workshop outline

• Audience for this presentation
• occasional mathematics users
• moderate computer literacy
• Tools for hardcopy publication
• MS Word Equation Editor
• MathType forward and Powerpoint
• LaTeX
• Mathematica
• Tools for web publication
• Formats html, images, PDF, mathML
• Tools all of the above, plus more

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Equations in Microsoft Office

• Exercise run Word and type the following
• In 600 rolls of a die we observed 82 1s, 74 2s,
  106 3s, 108 4s, 105 5s, and 126 6s. ?2 11.52
  with df 5, so we can reject the fair die null
  hypothesis at p lt .05.
• Hints
• Get a special character using InsertgtSymbol
• Get a superscript using CTRL
• Get italics using CTRLi

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Equations with MS Office, continued

• Equation Editor (based on MathType 3.0)
• Bundled, but not necessarily installed
• Limitations
• Bundled version has limited features
• Works poorly with documents containing many (gt50)
  equations
• Mac version even weaker than PC version
• PC users should upgrade to MathType 5.1 (UO site
  license) from Design Science
• Get CD from the Documents Room
• Works in both Word and PowerPoint
• Well documented at http//www.mathtype.com

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MathType

• Exercise typeset the following
• Given
• Then
• Hints
• Use MathType toolbar in Word

• Edit in MathType window
• Save (return to Word) when done

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More Math symbols

• Use Word Insert?Symbol for common symbols in
  text
• Use MathType Edit ?Insert Symbol within MathType
  equations
• Use Words autocorrect to define common symbols
  or equations
• Exercise
• Find ? in Symbol (font Euclid Math Two)
• Click AutoCorrect and assign the name r
• Test by typing For all r gt 0 in Word
• Warning if you exchange Word documents with
  colleagues, they may not have the same fonts

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More MathType autocorrect

• Using MathType, autocorrect entries can be whole
  equations
• Insert a MathType equation into your document.
• Select the equation by clicking on it once.
• From the Tools menu, select AutoCorrect...
• In the AutoCorrect dialog, select the AutoCorrect
  tab.
• Type abbreviation in the replace window.
  Something easy to remember but not likely to
  appear in normal text (e.g. dont use quadratic
  for the quadratic formula!).
• Click Add then OK.
• You can use AutoText instead of AutoCorrect (Word
  only)
• AutoCorrect is also available in PowerPoint

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MathType hints

• Use native Word/PowerPoint features when they are
  good enough
• Use MathType equations for complex formatting
• Use AutoCorrect to speed your typing

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LaTeX

• Standard typesetting language for mathematics and
  physics
• TeX developed by Donald Knuth about 1986
• LaTeX developed by Leslie Lamport 1985-1992
• Implementations at UO
• On darkwing/gladstone (terminal mode)
• For MacOS X
• For most other platforms (Linux, Windows, etc.)
• Most modern versions produce PDF files for
  printing and viewing

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LaTeX Example

• \documentclass12ptarticle\begindocumentIn
  600 rolls of a die we observed 82 1s, 74 2s,
  106 3s, 108 4s, 105 5s, and 126 6s. \chi2
  11.52 with df 5,so we can reject the fair
  die null hypothesis at p lt .05.\enddocument

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LaTeX on darkwing/gladstone

• Log in to darkwing using ssh
• Create text file something.tex using pico, vi,
  etc. (Or use WordPadsftp or SimpleText/TextEditf
  etch)
• In a shell window, give the command
• pdflatex something
• This creates a file something.pdf
• Save in public_html and view on web, or transfer
  to PC using sftp or fetch

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Easier editing/LaTeXing environments

• MacOS X
• local TeX and LaTeX (download from Apple)
• TeXShop for editing (Richard Koch, UO free)
• Built-in PDF viewer
• PC
• Various free versions of PC TeX exist. I use
  cygwin, WordPad for editing, and Acrobat Reader
  for viewing. Many users recommend MiKTeX
• Word MathType-gtConvert Equations-gtLaTeX
• TeXaide (Design Science free) Equation Editor ?
  TeX
• Format for PDF using Adobe Acrobat or pdftex
• Editors include WinTeX2000, WinEDT, Emacs, etc.

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Another LaTeX Example

• \documentclass11ptarticle
• \usepackagegraphicx
• \usepackageamssymb
• \textwidth 6.5 in
• \textheight 9 in
• \oddsidemargin 0.0 in
• \evensidemargin 0.0 in
• \topmargin 0.0 in
• \headheight 0.0 in
• \headsep 0.0 in
• \parskip 0.2in
• \parindent 0.0in
• \newtheoremtheoremTheorem
• \newtheoremcorollarytheoremCorollary

• \newtheoremdefinitionDefinition
• \titleBrief Article
• \authorJQ Johnson
• \begindocument
• \maketitle
• \begindisplaymath
• x \frac-b \pm \sqrtb2 - 4 a c2 a
• \enddisplaymath
• \enddocument

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Mathematica

• Very high-end product for mathematics
  manipulation, computer algebra, numerical
  computation, graphing, etc.
• Available for both Mac and PC
• Site licensed for on-campus UO use
• Can be used to produce output in TeX, PDF,
  MathML, and many other formats
• Cf. Maple, MathCAD, etc.

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Equations on the Web

• The problem HTML is too weak
• Solution 1 -- Minimalist HTML by hand
• Use entities, ltsubgt, ltsupgt, etc.
• Ok for (some) in-line symbols, but not much more

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Equations on the Web Solution 2

• Use images for display equations
• Capture images using Paint Shop Pro,
  ALTPrintScreen, Command-Shift-3, etc.
• Edit using a paint program, then save as GIF

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Equations on the Web Solution 3

• Use Word and MathType save as HTML
• Displays as GIF image in Netscape, but as true
  equation in MSIE
• Depending on version of Word used, may not be
  compatible with all browsers
• Exercise
• use Word quadratic formula from previous ex.
• File-gtSave as Web Page
• View in browser

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Solution 3 Continued

• Problems
• Bloated, hard to edit HTML code
• Equation images may not align properly with
  surrounding text
• Equation numbering is lost
• Equations print at screen resolution
• Possible palliative
• Clean up HTML code after export using HTML Tidy
  or Dreamweaver

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Equations on the Web Solution 4

• Use LaTeX or Word save as PDF
• Publish the PDF file on the web
• Example http//libweb.uoregon.edu/
  UOTheses/2000/pearsonk00.pdf

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Equations on the Web Solution 5

• Use MathML
• Potentially very powerful, including dynamic
  equations (see http//www.mathtype.com/en/referenc
  e/ webmath/samples/tour/ramanujan.htm)
• Viewer needs Netscape 7, Mozilla 1.2, or MSIE/PC
  with MathPlayer (Design Science free) plugin
• Several authoring tools exist, e.g.
• MathType (Export to MathPage)
• WebEQ (Design Science 99) bundled with
  Blackboard 6
• LaTeX2HTML (free MathML output is still
  experimental)
• DreamweaverWebEQ Author (in Beta test)
• Advice wait till next year, then use MathML

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References

• Equation Editor/MathType http//www.mathtype.com
• MathType tutorials http//www.dessci.com/en/suppo
  rt/tutorials/
• TeXShop and TeX on MacOS X http//www.uoregon.edu
  /koch/texshop/
• TeX on PC http//www.miktex.org/
• MathML http//www.w3.org/Math/
• Math editing tools (survey by Design Science)
  http//www.dessci.com/en/reference/webmath/
  status/status_Jan_02.htm
• This presentation http//darkwing.uoregon.edu/
  jqj/presentations/equations.ppt
• Questions? E-mail jqj_at_darkwing.uoregon.edu