Title: Ground Water Harvesting
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Groundwater Recharge in Bangalore
Groundwater, which accounts for 30 of the
earths surface water, requires proper management
and conservation considering large-scale aquifer
depletion. One of the best ways to do so is
through groundwater recharge in Bangalore or
complete replenishment of groundwater resources.
Though the process happens naturally through
snowmelt and rain, recharging groundwater
artificially increases groundwater levels at a
faster pace. Lets explore the reasons why
groundwater recharge is required, how the process
works, and how it can be scaled with better water
data and more funding.
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Reduced Surface Water in Streams and Lakes
Another major requirement for artificial
groundwater recharge is reduced surface water in
streams and lakes due to the fact that
groundwater and surface water interact in complex
ways. Reduced groundwater means less water
flowing into the wetlands and other ecosystems
that depend on it, resulting in compromised water
quality and less vegetation. Hence, there is this
acute need for artificial groundwater recharge in
such situations as well. The above-mentioned
concerns affect both municipal and agricultural
water uses, but proper groundwater recharge
initiatives can help reverse the cycle. In
addition to groundwater recharge, water users
also need to collaborate to maintain a healthy
water cycle through reforestation, improved
agricultural activities, and forest protection.
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Injection or Recharge Wells
Advantageous in areas with scarce land or those
where a thick impervious layer exists between the
soil surface and aquifer, this method of
groundwater recharge in Kerala involves digging
recharge or injection wells to recharge the deep,
water-bearing strata directly. Groundwater is
recharged using V-wire injection well technology,
and V-wire screens are used for filtration. This
modern method of groundwater recharge offers a
high rate of recharge and uses gravitational
force instead of energy, making it extremely
durable.
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Farm Ponds
.
The most traditional way of groundwater recharge
in Kerala, farm ponds, are small water storage
systems that collect and store runoff water for
irrigation and drinking purposes. There are two
farm ponds embankment ponds suitable for rugged
and hilly terrains and excavated farm ponds
suitable for flat topography. Choosing the
location of a farm pond will depend on varied
factors, like land topography, rainfall, texture,
soil type, permeability, land-use pattern, and
water holding capacity.
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The Process of Recharging Groundwater in Tamil
Nadu
- There are two ways of groundwater recharge in
Tamil Nadu natural groundwater recharge systems
and artificial groundwater recharge systems. - The natural groundwater recharge system features
surface water infiltrating the subsurface,
seeping down to the water table through the
unsaturated section, and adding to the
groundwater reserve. - Artificial groundwater recharge done by
artificially replenishing groundwater by
injecting water directly into the subsurface
through injection walls or diverting surface
water through infiltration basins and ponds.
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