Mapping Notes

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Map Elements

• Write Everything in Orange

Mrs. Wisher
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Maps

• Maps a model on a flat surface
• Globe a sphere that represents Earths surface

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Types of Maps

• Road Maps
• Political Maps- shows city, state, country
  boundaries
• Topographic Maps-used by Geologists/Outdoorsman

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Latitude and Longitude

• The earth is divided into lots of lines called
  latitude and longitude.

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Lines

• Longitude lines run from north pole to south
  pole.
• measure distance east or west of prime meridian
• Latitude lines run from east to west.
• measure north and south of the equator
• The lines measure distances in degrees.

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Longitude Latitude
Longitude
Latitude
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Where is 0 degree?

• The equator is 0 degree latitude.
• It is an imaginary belt that runs halfway point
  between the North Pole and the South Pole.

Equator
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Where is 0 degree?

• The prime meridian is 0 degrees longitude.
• This imaginary line runs through the United
  Kingdom, France, Spain, western Africa, and
  Antarctica.

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Hemispheres

• By using the equator and prime meridian, we can
  divide the world into four hemispheres, north,
  south, east, and west.

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Questions?

• Which hemisphere is the United States in?

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Questions?

• Which hemisphere is the United States in?
• Northwestern Hemisphere

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Compass

• A compass is a tool that helps the user know what
  direction one is headed.
• On a map, a compass or a compass rose helps the
  user locate these directions.

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Questions

• What is 0 degrees longitude?

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Questions

• What is 0 degrees longitude?
• Prime Meridian!!!

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Compass

• The needle on a compass is magnetized to point to
  the earth's north magnetic pole.
• Thus with a compass, a person can roughly tell
  which direction they are headed.

Source http//aerocompass.larc.nasa.gov
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Directions

• The cardinal directions are north, south, east,
  and west.
• The intermediate directions are northeast,
  southeast, southwest and northwest.

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Scale

• Maps are made to scale that is, there is a
  direct connection between a unit of measurement
  on the map and the actual distance.
• For example, if an inch on the map represents one
  mile on Pavilion Center from Alta northward, what
  would it show?

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Questions

• What direction does a compass needle point to?

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Questions

• What direction does a compass needle point to?
• A compass always points north!

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Time Zones

• The Earth is divided into 24 time zones,
  corresponding to 24 hours in a day.
• Places that have the same longitude will be in
  the same time zone.

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Map Legends

• The legend is the key to unlocking the secrets of
  a map. Objects or colors in the legend represent
  something on the map.

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Can you understand this legend?
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Topography

• The lay of the land.
• Shows relief using contour lines.
• Relief- highs and lows of Earths surface.
• Relief can be calculated
• Take the difference between the highest point and
  the lowest.
• Ex Mountain peak 20 m. lake 10m
• 20m- 10m 10m
• The relief of this area is 10m

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Contour Lines

• Lines on topographic maps.
• Connect points of equal elevation.
• Everything connected to that line has the same
  elevation.
• Elevation- the distance something is above sea
  level. Sea level 0m or 0ft.

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Contour lines

• Contour interval- gives the difference in
  elevation between 2 contour lines.
• Another indicator of height.
• Used to count contour lines

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Contour Map
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Questions?

• Close your notebooks, all people at C seats,
  describe to your table the purpose of contour
  lines.

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Depression Contours

• Depression contours show areas of lower
  elevation.
• Drawn like contour lines with marks on the
  inside.

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Hills

• Hills are represented on a topographic map by a
  series of concentric contour lines in a rough
  circle

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Slope

• Closely spaced contour lines represent steep
  slopes.
• Widely spaced contour lines represent gentle
  slopes.

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Questions

• All people at the A seats, tell your table how
  you tell the difference between a hill or a
  valley on a contour map.