Title: Forest Issues in Cambodia
1Forest Issues in Cambodia
2Forestland Clearing Grabbing
3Forest Resource
- Forest Type
- Evergreen forest 3,668,902 ha.
- Semi-evergreen forest 1,362,638 ha
- Deciduous forest 4,692,098 ha.
- Other forest 1,007,143 ha.
- Forest Cover Change
- Before 1975- 73 of total land area
(13.227.100ha). - 1992-1993- 60 of total land area
(10.859.694ha). - 1996-1997- 58.79 of total land area
(10.638.206ha). - 2002-61.15 of total land area.(11.104.294ha)
- 2006-59.09 of total land area(10.730781ha).
- This shows the forest cover declined about 13.1
during the last 3 decades.
4Evergreen Forest- 3,668,902 ha
5Semi-Evergreen Forest -1,362,638 ha
6Deciduous Forest -4,692,098 ha
7Plantation and Grassland- 1,007,143 ha
8Forest Jurisdiction
- Permanent Forest Estate, Mangrove and inundated
forest is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of
Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. - Protected Areas such as national parks, wildlife
sanctuaries, protected landscapes, and multiple
use areas are under the jurisdiction of the
Ministry of Environment. -
9 1209 wildlife species mammals (125 sp.), birds
(630 sp.), reptiles (114 sp.), Amphibians (40
sp.), and butterflies (300 sp.)
10Forest Issues
- The major causes of deforestation in Cambodia are
the following key factors - Population increase and poverty issue
- Illegal logging
- Forest land encroachment
- Improper management and operations under forest
concessions - Weak forestry legislation / regulations and its
enforcement - Interference from armed men in forestry
- Conversion to agricultural land
11Forest Issues
- Population increase and poverty issue
- 1975- 7 million people
- 2007- 14 million people
- Population growth rate is 2.50.
- Poor people are 67 of the total population,
including poor people under the poverty line are
34. - 80 of total population are farmers
- Lack of Agriculture land.
12Forest Issues (cont.)
- 2- Illegal logging
- Logging was banned in 2002 until now
- Wood consumption of is needed every day
- Wood price in the market is high
- Poor people, who are living in or near the forest
area, need to cut the trees to sell for their
daily livelihood. - Illegal logging is increasing
13Forest Issues (cont.)
- 3-Improper management and operations under forest
concessions - 31 forest concessions were provided
(3.374.328ha). - Improper implement of forest code of practices.
- Some of Forest area are insecurity.
- Forest royalty was low.
- .
14Forest Issues (cont.)
- 4-Interference from armed men in forestry
- Allow the violators to cut the trees.
- Rent the chain saw to the people and violators to
cut the trees. - Interfere in timber transportation.
15Forest Issues (cont.)
- 5- Weak forestry legislation / regulations and
its enforcement - Forestry law was enacted in late 2002.
- 28 Regulations under the forestry law are slowly
issued - National budget for enforcement activities
limited. - Unqualified staff is third quarter of the total
staff.
16Forest Issues (cont.)
- 5- Forest land encroachment
- Forest area, clearing by people in 4 year started
from 2004, is 391.834ha. - Forest area clearing by poor people, confiscated
by Forestry Administration in the same period, is
24,465ha. - Chain saws statistics, were collected, is 7,896
chain saws and was seized, is 648 chain saws.
17Forest Issues (cont.)
- 6- Conversion to agricultural land
- Economic development.
- Economic land concession (53 companies with
forest land area of 909.709ha to plant teak
Accasia, Poulownia, Cassava, sugar can, cashew,
kind of hollyhock, industrial crop and livestock) - Social land concession (around half of forest
land, confiscated by FA, is allocated to the
landless people).
18- Thank you
- for your attention