Evolution in Unlicensed Wireless Point to Point Radio Systems

1
Evolution in Unlicensed Wireless Point to Point
Radio Systems

• www.wmux.com

2
In the Beginning

• Spread Spectrum technology was developed by the
  Military in the 1940s
• Intention was to provide secure voice/data using
  low power density transmission in hostile
  interference environments (and Countries)
• Downturn in defense industry encouraged R/D to
  find commercial use for military technology
• First Rulemaking from the FCC for spread spectrum
  use in unlicensed bands was in 1988

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And it was good

• First high capacity T1 point to point radio in
  1992
• The 802.11(b) protocol developed for indoor
  wireless LAN applications in 1996
• UNII band becomes available in 1998

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USA Fixed Wireless Spectrum Overview
2596-2680 MHz
2400-2483.5 MHz
27.5-31.3 GHz
960 MHz
WCS
MMDS
ISM
6 GHz
10/11 GHz
ISM UNII
18 GHz
23 GHz
LMDS
ISM
38 GHz
5725-5850 MHz (ISM) 5250-5350 MHz
(U-NII) 5725-5825 MHz (U-NII)
900-928 MHz
2305-2350 MHz
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Compelling Reasons to Use Wireless

• Get to places where its too expensive to
  consider wires
• Can be very fast to deploy
• Eliminates recurring costs
• Provides control over your connection
• Can provide the exact connection desired
• Wireless provides flexibility
• In many cases, wireless is more reliable than
  wire (or fiber)
• Use high gain antennas for strong signal and
  narrow beamwidth

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New Applications are Driving Bandwidth Demand
???
Multicast Streaming
Video Conferencing
Internet Telephony
Streaming Media
Application Hosting
Large File Transfers
Bandwith
E-Commerce
Web Browsing
Text E-Mail
Rich Graphics
FAX
1980s
1990s
2000s
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Fiber Extension
High Bandwidth Customer
Fiber PoP
High-bandwidth Customer
Fiber Ring
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Fiber Joining
Fiber PoP 1
Fiber Pop 2
Fiber Ring 1
Fiber Ring 2
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Campus Connectivity Telephone LAN Extensions
Branch Office 1
Main Building
Branch Office 2
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Design Requirement Line-of-Sight (LOS)

• No obstructions between each end
• No trees
• No buildings
• No mountains
• If you tied a string at both ends, and pulled
  it tight, it would touch nothing but air

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Types of Spectrum

• License-exempt
• Anyone can use
• No coordination or registration required
• Licensed
• Coordination required
• Registration required
• Owned
• Purchased spectrum, usually in a given region,
  usually by auction

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License-Exempt

• Benefits of license-exempt
• No coordination or licensing
• Fast deployment
• Low cost
• No licensing or recurring fees
• Flexible
• Can change/move/upgrade at any time
• Disadvantages of license-exempt
• No regulatory protection to interference
• No formal coordination

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Spread Spectrum BasicsDirect Sequence

• Spreads RF energy(A pre-defined code is added
  to the original signal)
• Occupies a wider bandwidth
• Lower peak power
• Accepts and discriminates from interference

No Spreading
Spreading On
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Wireless Ethernet Bridges
10Mbps 2xT1
480Mbps 4xT1
45Mbps 1xT1
100Mbps 2xT1
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Unlicensed Technology Summary

• Spread Spectrum in ISM Bands
• Greater capacity with UNII Band (Gb/s)
• Ethernet interfaces with multiple T1s
• HTTP SNMP Manageability
• Voice and Data in a single unit (handle any
  type of data stream)

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• Thank You!

Questions?