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Mobile Data Workshop.ppt

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AT&T Wireless (Cingular): Announced that CDPD service will end in June 2004. ... Most widely deployed wireless technology worldwide ... – PowerPoint PPT presentation

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Title: Mobile Data Workshop.ppt


1
Law Enforcement Information Technology Mobile
Data Laptops 2004 COPS Technical Assistance
Conference Dallas, TXNovember 9, 2004
2
Agenda
  • Introductions
  • Workshop Objectives
  • Core Technology Components
  • Wireless Infrastructure
  • Mobile Data Software
  • Mobile Data Devices
  • Mobile Data Costs
  • Successful Case Studies
  • Captain Woody Sandy, North Carolina Highway
    Patrol
  • Deputy Chief Ron Glensor, Reno Police Department
  • Issues and Challenges
  • Discussion and Questions

3
Introductions
Ron Glensor Assistant Chief Reno Police
Department
4
Workshop Objectives
  • Develop a common understanding of mobile data
    technology terms
  • Improve understanding of current technologies
    being used and considered by conference attendees
  • Identify technology alternatives for potential
    short and long term improvements
  • Familiarize and demystify mobile data technology
  • Share best practices on core mobile data
    technology planning issues

5
Core TechnologyComponents
6
Background
  • Mobile data is the transmission and receipt of
    information using radio frequency signals
  • Several types of users are supported by wireless
    technologies
  • Mobile/portable users
  • Remote users
  • Telecommuters
  • Benefits include
  • Immediate access to critical information
  • Field personnel safety and empowerment
  • Reductions in voice radio traffic
  • Increased time in the community on patrol
  • Remote interactive access to business
    applications
  • Work order processing
  • Maintenance Management and Inventory
  • Project Management
  • GIS
  • Office automation (email, etc.)

7
Wireless Infrastructure
8
Key Considerations
Cost
Grade of Service
Application Requirements
Coordination And Partnerships
Migration Path
POTENTIAL NEEDS
Funding
Coverage
Interference
Interoperability
Network Management
Standards And Technology
Security
9
Mobile Data Networks
  • Agency-Owned Networks
  • Telco Networks
  • iDEN
  • CDPD
  • GPRS
  • EDGE
  • CDMA 1xRTT
  • Other Mobile Data Technologies

10
Agency-Owned Networks
  • Private radio networks owned by agencies
  • Limited data speeds currently available
  • Often able to re-use key components of voice
    infrastructures
  • Packet switched, message based technologies
  • Dedicated access for users
  • Can be conventional or trunked technology
  • Wide-area coverage system providers include
    Dataradio, EF Johnson, M/A-COM and Motorola
  • High-speed data applications will require
    agencies to secure spectrum in the 700 MHz and
    4.9 GHz bands

11
Agency-Owned Networks
  • Advantages
  • Optimizes existing infrastructure
  • Agency control
  • Dedicated use
  • Potentially lower recurring costs
  • Can provide coverage where needed (everywhere)
  • Disadvantages
  • Requires radio frequencies
  • Additional administration and maintenance
    responsibilities
  • Moderate data rates
  • Requires fixed infrastructure throughout entire
    coverage area
  • Capitalizing on technology advances can be costly
  • High initial costs

12
Telco Networks
  • No agency frequencies required
  • Minimal up-front costs
  • Lower hardware and software costs
  • Higher monthly recurring costs
  • Migration paths more feasible and economical
  • No site development required
  • Ability to provide for wide area roaming
  • Most providers to not offer priority access for
    public safety users
  • Maintenance and service not the responsibility of
    the agency

13
Telco Networks - iDEN (Nextel)
  • Integrated Digital Enhanced Network
  • Motorola packet-switched technology
  • Throughput of 14.4 Kbps
  • No migration path decisions made to date
  • Nextel has submitted consensus plan to FCC for
    refarming 800 MHz spectrum

14
Telco Networks - Cellular Digital Packet Data
(CDPD)
  • First commercial service widely adopted by public
    safety agencies
  • Utilized for traditional mobile data applications
  • Dispatch, status and vehicle-to-vehicle messaging
  • Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL)
  • Database inquiries
  • Maximum throughput of 19.2 Kbps actual speeds
    typically 10-14 Kbps
  • Service is available in most metropolitan areas
  • Two major carriers offering national CDPD service
    plan to discontinue the service
  • Verizon Announced that CDPD service will end in
    2005
  • ATT Wireless (Cingular) Announced that CDPD
    service will end in June 2004. Recently
    retracted this statement however, they still
    plan to shut down the network in the near future.
  • Not a viable alternative due to coming
    obsolescence

15
Telco Networks - GPRS
  • General Packet Radio Services
  • Most widely deployed wireless technology
    worldwide
  • Maximum throughput of 115 Kbps actual speeds
    typically 30-50 Kbps
  • Security concerns due to dynamic IP addressing
  • Major carriers include ATT/Cingular and T-Mobile
  • Part of GSM migration path to faster data speeds
    that will minimize technology replacement costs
    for agencies

16
Telco Networks - EDGE
  • Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution
  • Backward compatible with GPRS only modem
    replacement required
  • Maximum throughput of 384 Kbps actual speeds
    typically 80-128 Kbps
  • Successor to GPRS
  • Rollouts to begin in 2004
  • Migration path leads to UMTS (Universal Mobile
    Telecommunications System) throughput of 2 Mbps

17
Telco Networks - CDMA 1xRTT
  • Code Division Multiple Access Single Carrier
    Radio Transmission Technology
  • Digital spread spectrum technology efficiently
    uses spectrum
  • Competing technology to GPRS and EDGE
  • Major carriers include Verizon and Sprint
  • Maximum throughput of 144 Kbps actual speeds
    typically 40-60 Kbps
  • Migration path leads to CDMA 2000 up to 2.4
    Mbps in throughput

18
Other Mobile Data Technologies
  • Wireless Local Area Networks (Cisco, 3COM,
    Alvarion, Intermec, Nortel, Proxim, Symbol, etc.)
  • Mesh Networks (Tropos, Mesh Networks, 5G,
    Alvarion, Cisco, Lockheed Martin, Proxim, Vivato,
    etc.)
  • Satellite (Motient, Globalstar, Iridium,
    Teledesic, etc.)

19
Wireless Local Area Networks
  • Quickly becoming integrated into wireless
    infrastructures throughout North America
  • Relatively inexpensive off-the-shelf technologies
  • Able to carry data at speeds up to 11 Mbps
  • Operate in unlicensed frequency bands above 2 GHz
    security issues can be a concern
  • Used for short-range communications (100 to 500
    feet)
  • Not intended for mobile vehicles seeking seamless
    coverage across a wide area
  • Commonly deployed by placing Wireless Access
    Points (WAP) at locations where mobile data users
    operate (major routes, stations, service shops,
    etc.)

20
Mesh Networks
  • RF packet technology (802.11x)
  • Large number of low power repeaters
  • Wider scale than traditional wireless LANS
  • Transmission across very wide bandwidth
  • Wireless repeaters distribute traffic throughout
    network
  • Wired Access Points (WAP) connect network to
    internet
  • Up to 500 Kbps
  • Good for metropolitan areas

21
Mesh Networks
.5 to 2 mi.
WAP
WAP
22
Geosynchronous Earth Orbit Satellite
  • Orbit the earth at 22,300 miles
  • Rotates with the earth
  • Provide ubiquitous coverage
  • Propagation delays experienced
  • Service has focused on video (DirecTV, Dish
    Network), broadcasting and long-hall
    transportation
  • Mobile data rates are low speed 4.8 to 9.6 Kbps

23
Low Earth Orbit Satellite
  • Orbit the earth at 300 to 900 Miles
  • Require ring of orbiting satellites to provide
    continuous coverage
  • Ubiquitous coverage
  • Low data rates of 2.4 9.6 Kbps
  • Iridium experienced significant financial
    problems, rescued by US government
  • Initial promise has not emerged as originally
    hoped (Teledesic, etc.)

24
Satellites
Globalstar
Teledesic
25
Mobile Data Software
26
Mobile Data Software
  • Mobile data software is best thought of as an
    extension of an existing desktop application
    (i.e., CAD)
  • Selecting a provider can be simple if an existing
    vendor offers a mobile component that meets an
    agencys needs
  • Decision becomes more difficult if the vendor
    does not offer a mobile component and integration
    or if total replacement is necessary
  • Network considerations
  • Is the software network capable and wireless
    friendly?
  • What are the minimum bandwidth requirements?
  • How will the software react to a loss of network
    connection?
  • Software functionality
  • Important to confirm and test all required
    functionality
  • Mobile clients are often streamlined versions of
    the network clients with less functionality

27
Mobile Data Software Functions
  • Dispatch Messaging
  • Status Messaging
  • Vehicle-to-Vehicle Messaging
  • Administrative Messaging
  • Local, State and National Inquiries
  • Citation Issuance
  • Accident Reporting
  • Automated Field Reporting
  • Mapping
  • Automatic Vehicle Location
  • Magnetic Stripe Reading
  • Fingerprint Scanning
  • Office Automation
  • Internet Access

28
Key Considerations
29
Automated Field Reporting
Stage 1 - Word Processing
Stage 2 - Field-Based Editing
Stage 3 - Paperless
30
Things to Remember
  • Mobile data software is comprised of multiple
    layers
  • Client
  • Server
  • Interfaces
  • Managing integration of the various layers is
    central to a projects success
  • Several mobile data software applications are
    proven today
  • Dispatching
  • Messaging
  • Queries
  • AVL
  • Communications center monitors unit location
  • Recommend units to dispatch based on closest unit
  • Able to send help to last location of vehicle
  • Field units and Watch Commanders able to monitor
    unit location
  • Field Reporting
  • True paperless completion and approval of field
    reports is still in developmental stages

31
Things to Remember
  • Mobile data software can be purchased in multiple
    ways
  • Stand-alone
  • As part of an overall CAD/RMS solution
  • As part of overall mobile data infrastructure
    solution
  • Failure to match mobile application needs to
    mobile infrastructure needs often leads to
    project failures
  • Critical policy decisions to make include
  • Voiceless dispatching
  • Handling of signatures
  • Assignment of MDCs to officers versus vehicles
  • PDAs
  • Mandatory versus voluntary use for reporting
  • Ongoing user and system administrator training is
    critical to successful implementation

32
Things to Remember
  • Data integrity is critical to success
  • Maintenance
  • SLAs
  • Vendor support
  • Separate maintenance contracts
  • Software versus solution support
  • Upgrades
  • Policies and procedures must be addressed before
    the rollout of mobile data software
  • Signatures
  • Approvals
  • Routing
  • Change from paper
  • Computers DONT solve all problems

33
Mobile Data Devices
34
Devices
  • Laptops
  • Dumb terminals
  • Tablets
  • Handheld (Palm, iPAQ, Visor, etc.)
  • Pagers (two-way alpha numeric)

35
Peripherals
  • Magnetic stripe readers
  • Bar code readers
  • Digital cameras
  • Scanning devices
  • In-vehicle portable printers

36
Key Considerations
37
Things to Remember
  • Devices are the most interchangeable component of
    the overall mobile data solution
  • Agencies should pay great attention to user input
    when selecting mobile data devices
  • Involve fleet operations in planning and
    selection
  • User acceptance can make or break an entire
    project
  • Ergonomics are critical
  • Mobile data printers are prone to problems
  • Applications should drive mobile data purchases
  • Identify life cycle costs leasing is a growing
    trend
  • Budget for replacement costs every 3-5 years
  • Strongly consider pilots when conducting
    evaluations

38
Mobile Data Costs
39
Mobile Data Cost Components
  • Infrastructure
  • RF infrastructure
  • Towers
  • Interconnectivity
  • Shelters
  • Base stations
  • Others
  • Network access charges
  • Fixed rate versus per megabyte pricing
  • Software
  • MDS application
  • AFR application
  • Third-party communications (network, IP,
    security)
  • Application interfaces
  • Upgraded connections (i.e., frame relay to 128
    Kbps)

40
Mobile Data Cost Components
  • Hardware
  • MDC unit
  • Peripherals
  • Modems
  • Antennas
  • Internal cabling
  • Replacement batteries
  • Services
  • Hardware and software warranties
  • Maintenance
  • Integration
  • Installation
  • Project management
  • Refresh costs for all components

41
Successful Case Studies
42
Successful Case Studies
  • Captain Woody Sandy, North Carolina Highway
    Patrol
  • Deputy Chief Ron Glensor, Reno Police Department

43
Issues and Challenges
44
Issues and Challenges
  • Many of you received funding to purchase
    MDTs/MDCs in your police vehicles. Few agencies
    anticipated or planned for all the issues related
    to installing this new technology.
  • List all of the issues that should/must be
    addressed before implementation can be
    successful
  • 1.
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.

45
Questions?
Asst. Chief Ron Glensor glensor_at_ci.reno.nv.us (775
) 334-3860 Captain Woody Sandy woody.sandy_at_ncshp.
org (919) 662-4440 Brian Hudson bhudson_at_thayerco
nsulting.com (213) 247-2243
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