5th Gr' Geometry

1
Geometric Shapes
Presentation by Connie Burton
2
Congruence
Figures that are the same size and shape are
called congruent figures.
This symbol is used as shorthand to show
congruence.
3
There are two ways to test for congruence. You
can use a tracing of one of the figures and place
the tracing on top of the other figure.
These two sets of figures are congruent to each
other.
4
The other way to check for congruence is to use a
ruler to measure length of sides and to use a
protractor to measure the size of angles.
60
60
5 ft.
5 ft.
2 ft.
2 ft.
90
30
90
30
4 ft.
4 ft.
30
These two figures are congruent.
5
Two figures that are the same size and same shape
are congruent.
6
Two figures that are the same shape but not the
same size are not congruent. These two cylinders
are similar.
7
Polygons
square
pentagon
parallelogram
hexagon
octagon
A polygon is any closed figure that has straight
lines.
trapezoid
triangle
8
Quadrilterals
A quadrilateral is any plane figure that has four
sides and four angles.
9
The sum of the angle measures in any
quadrilateral is 360 degrees.
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
90
360 degrees
10
The sum of the angle measures in any
quadrilateral is 360 degrees.
45
45
225
45
45
45
225
45
360 degrees
11
A general quadrilateral is a figure that has four
sides of any length and four angles of any size.
12
A rectangle has two pairs of congruent sides and
four right angles.
Opposite sides are congruent
Four right angles
13
Many building materials are made in the shape of
the rectangle. Each of these bricks has four
right angles. The pairs of opposite sides are
parallel to each other and congruent.
14
Other rectangles
15
A square is a quadrilateral that has four
congruent sides and four right angles.
Four congruent sides
Four right angles
16
The square shape is used in many buildings. This
door handle has four right angles and four
congruent sides.
17
Other squares
18
A parallelogram is a quadrilateral that has
opposite sides parallel and congruent.
19
A trapezoid is a quadrilateral that has only two
parallel sides.
20
Other trapezoids
21
Opposite sides are parallel
Four sides are congruent
A rhombus has four congruent sides and opposite
sides are parallel.
22
Other Polygons
23
Pentagon
1
5
2
4
3
Pentagons have five sides.
24
Other pentagons
25
Pentagons
26
Hexagon
1
2
6
3
5
4
Hexagons have six sides.
27
Hexagonal shape
28
Heptagon
1
7
6
2
3
5
4
Heptagons have seven sides.
29
Octagon
1
2
8
3
7
4
6
5
Octagons have eight sides.
30
More octagons
31
Nonagon
1
2
9
6
3
4
7
5
8
Nonagons have nine sides.
32
Decagon
1
2
3
10
4
9
5
8
6
7
Decagons have ten sides.
33
Undecagon
1
2
11
10
4
9
3
8
5
7
6
Undecagons have eleven sides.
34
Dodecagon
1
2
3
12
Dodecagons have twelve sides.
4
11
5
10
6
9
8
7