CE 350 Introduction to Transportation Planning

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CE 350Introduction to Transportation Planning

• Chapter 18
• Transportation Terminals

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Emphasis

• Transportation interface areas are the key to the
  success of a transportation system
• This is where any capacity or efficiency issues
  show up first

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Lecture Points

• Look at principles and techniques that are used
  for different modes and situations
• Explore specific applications of terminal
  concepts

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Todays Approach

• Planning studies
• Modal terminals
• Airports
• Ports
• Distribution systems
• Similar concepts

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Definition and Scope
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How We View the Systems

• Urban and suburban systems
• local
• Intercity and international
• longer distance

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Planning Studies for Terminals
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Terminal Concepts and Processes

• Terminals allow passengers and freight to
• Enter or leave a mode
• Interchange within a mode
• Interchange between modes
• Waiting or holding areas are essential
• Terminals are processors of freight and
  passengers

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Terminal Processing Time

• Primary concern in design and evaluation
• Is the prime determinant of costs
• Determines the financial viability of a facility
  or system

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Analysis Techniques

• Process analysis
• Process times
• Waiting times
• Capacity
• Delay and service times
• Simulation
• Pedestrian flow analysis

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Market Research(Demand Estimation)

• Estimated in three stages
• Overall travel magnitude growth potential
• Market share that can be attracted
• Peak period demand

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Terminal Design

• Design parameters and guidelines
• Station environment
• Terminal design process
• Life-Cycle planning
• Security
• Information systems
• Safety and maintenance

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Other Considerations

• Day to day users
• Ancillary services
• Environmental impact analysis
• Legislative basis
• The region and community
• Land use and commercial activity
• Socioeconomic development
• Noise and vibration
• System impacts
• Visual and aesthetic conditions

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Modal Ground Transportation Terminals
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Streets and Highways

• Facilities are many
• Intersections
• Interchanges
• Parking
• Effectiveness depends on
• Geometric design
• Operational adequacy

Critical for adequate LOS
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Parking Facilities

• They are either
• Publicly available
• Associated with land use
• They are owned and operated by
• Public agencies
• Private companies
• Commuter parking facilities
• Use a variety of payment systems
• May require special design treatments

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Bus Terminals

• Bus stops (on street)
• Bus stops (on freeway)
• Park and ride facilities
• Off street
• On street
• Changing technology

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Truck Terminals

• The planning process includes
• A system operating plan
• Four conventional operations (Fig 18-25)
• Defining the terminals mission
• Relate market characteristics to the overall plan
• Developing the design
• Develop a site plan

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Rail Terminals (Passenger)

• Platform access dimensions
• Waiting boarding areas
• Fare vending collection
• Station type levels
• Entrances integration with adjacent land uses
• Roadway interface

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Rail Terminals (Freight)

• TOFC Trailer on Flat Car
• COEF Container on Flat Car
• Yards
• The present future interface impacts
• Land bridge concept
• Double stack rail cars
• Road Railer

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Airports
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Terminal Planning

• Aviation activity forecasts
• Passenger terminal flow
• Apron
• Terminal
• Ground transportation systems
• Flow of passengers and baggage
• Originating
• Terminating
• Transfer
• Transit

Occurs here
4 Categories
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Terminal Concepts and Functions
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Terminal Circulation and Distribution

• Between parking lots/garages terminal
• Between curb frontage gates
• Within terminal
• Among several terminals concourses

People Movement
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Orientation and Signing

• Direction orientation
• Identification of locations
• Information

Main Purposes
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Air Cargo Is

• Separate from the passengers
• Composed of air freight and airmail
• Require on-site roadways
• Use efficient loading equipment
• Site planning should anticipate 20 year growth

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Ground Access Planning

• Calculate traffic generated using air travel
  forecasts
• Estimate modal split
• Estimate occupancy rates
• Determine number of vehicles
• Size the roadway system

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Airport Parking

• Goal is to minimize walking distances
• Provide separate employee parking
• Provide short and long term parking options
• Remote parking for ? 1 to 3 days

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Ports (Marine Terminals)
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Ocean Ports Elements

• Linkages to existing and planned highway network
• Linkages to existing and planned rail network
• Linkages to pipelines
• Industries located within the port

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Waterless Inland Ports

• Virginia Inland Port (VIP)
• Provides rail-truck inter-modal terminal linked
  to a port facility
• Intercepts container traffic
• Intended to increase import-export container
  traffic

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Distribution Systems
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Passenger Systems

• Walking
• Instantly available
• Distances are important
• Walking speed
• Mechanical pedestrian-assist systems
• Includes escalators, moving walkways and
  elevators
• People movers (AGT)
• Beyond pedestrian assist

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Goods and Freight Systems

• Utilizes specialized forms of equipment
• Hand trucks
• Fork lifts
• Moving belts
• Automatically controlled vehicles

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WOW!! This is a lot of stuff!!!
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Lecture Points

• Look at principles and techniques that are used
  for different modes and situations
• Explore specific applications of terminal
  concepts

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CE 350Introduction to Transportation Planning

• Chapter 18
• Transportation Terminals