CE 350 Introduction to Transportation Planning

1
CE 350Introduction to Transportation Planning

• TPH Chapter 20
• Regulatory and Legal Issues

2
Lecture Objectives

• Identify 3 Highway Re-Authorization Acts
• Understand Why They Are Important
• Know 2 Key US DOT Agencies

3
Lecture Points

• 1. Transportation is a legislated activity
• 2. Public agencies and private businesses carry
  out the legislative provisions
• 3. Legislation is interpreted through
  rulemaking by federal agencies
• 4. These rules affect local DOTs, MPOs, cities
  and counties

4
Legislative Sequence

• Congress Passes Transportation Law--every 6
  years AUTHORIZING. High Stakes
• 1991- ISTEA 1998 TEA- 21
• Congress Passes Annual Appropriations
• Agencies issue rules Takes years. Lots of
  public input.
• NPRMs issued in Federal Register for comment

5
Federal Regulations

• US Code--Law
• US Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)-- Chapter
  49 Federal Register
• www.legal.gsa.gov
• www.access.gpo.gov/nara
• See page 828

• Federal Acquisition Regulations (FAR)
• Executive Orders
• Agency Procedures

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ISTEA--December 1991

• Expanded LOCAL control of transportation planning
  funding--MPOs
• Coordinate land use and transportation planning
• Transportation control for air quality
• Changed UMTA to FTA

• Flexible funding Surface Transportation Program
  CMAQ
• lt200k DOT selects projects with with MPOs
  Transit Agencies
• gt200k TMA MPO has selection power with DOTs
  Transit Agencies
• Management Systems

7
TEA-21--June 1998

• 40 increase in transportation funding--from 155
  billion/yr to 215 billion /yr.
• Reauthorization of ISTEA structure
• Donor state guarantee- 90.5

• Trust fund money must be spent on transportation
• 1900 earmarks
• Reforms transit New Starts criteria

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Key USDOT Agencies

• Office of the Secretary (OST)
• Federal Highway Admin. (FHWA)
• Federal Transit Admin. (FTA)
• Federal Rail Admin. (FRA)
• Federal Aviation Admin. (FAA)

• Bureau of Transportation Statistics (BTS)
• Research and Special Projects (RSPA)
• Maritime Administration (MARAD)
• US Coast Guard (USCG)

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Other Federal Agencies

• Corps of Engineers
• Environmental Protection Agency
• 40 environmental acts since 1889 36 since 1962
  (see page 241)
• NEPA 1969
• Clean Air Act Amendments 1970,1977,1990

10
Urban Transportation Planning Process

• 3-C Process Federal Aid Highway Act of 1962.
  Required for federal highway funding MPOs
  required
• MPOs created by State Law
• Citizen participation required

• Urban Mass Transportation Act of 1964--transit
  planning requirements

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Plans Prepared by MPOs

• Long-Range Transportation Plan--20 yrs
• Transportation Improvement Plan (TIP)--annual
• Unified Work Program--annual
• Transit Development Plan--optional
• Transportation Disadvantaged Plan--one time
• State Implementation Plan for Air Quality

12
Transportation and Land Use--State

• State Land Use Planning
• Different in every state
• Florida, Oregon, California, Maryland among the
  most aggressive
• Tools
• Developments of Regional Impact (FL)
• Concurrency (FL)
• Level of Service Requirements (FL)
• Access Management (CO) (FL)

13
Transportation and Land Use --Local

• Zoning Euclid v Ambler 1926
• Subdivision Regulations lot size (density),
  access, roadway class
• Subdivision Construction Ordinances

14
Tools

• Require state and local enabling legislation
• Neo-traditional Neighborhood Design
• Impact fees
• Conditional Zoning and Proffers
• Transportation Management Associations (TMAs)
• Condemnation or Purchase
• Inverse Condemnation (scenic easement)
• Traffic Calming
• Corridor Preservation

15
Lecture Points

• 1. Transportation is a legislated activity
• 2. Public agencies and private businesses carry
  out the legislative provisions
• 3. Legislation is interpreted through
  rulemaking by federal agencies
• 4. These rules affect local DOTs, MPOs, cities
  and counties

16
Lecture Objectives

• Identify 3 Highway Re-Authorization Acts
• Understand Why They Are Important
• Know 2 Key US DOT Agencies